预制沟槽对爆破震动阻隔效应的实验研究
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摘要
由于裂隙或者沟槽对炸药爆炸引起的震动具有良好的隔震作用,所以用现场试验的方法对比研究了用导爆索爆炸形成减震沟槽和人工开挖沟槽的减震效果。用3发50 g TNT当量、1m埋深的爆炸实验,研究了爆破成形和人工开挖预制的两种沟槽的隔震效果。实验结果表明,在爆破成形沟槽的两边存在一定宽度的裂隙区。两种沟槽均有效地降低了爆破震动的幅度并改变了地震波的频谱,而爆破成形沟槽的减震效果优于人工开挖的。离减震沟槽越近,隔震效果越明显。减震沟槽对中远区地震波低频部分隔震效果明显。
Gap or slot has an important effect on reduction of blasting vibration.The effect of vibration isolation and damping of gap or slot,which formed by detonation of the blasting fuse and excavation through manual work,is studied in this paper.In order to investigate the action of gap or slot,three underground explosion experiments were carried out on the north side of gap or slot,whose equivalent is 50g TNT and embedded depth is 1 m.The Pre-split crack zone exists in both sides of gap or slot formed by detonation of the blasting fuse.The experimental results show that the effects of gap or slot on reduction of blasting vibration are distinct and the explosion earthquake wave frequency spectrum characteristics are changed.The effect of gap or slot formed by detonation of the blasting fuse is superior to that of men-made gap or slot.The closer to gap or slot excavation face,the better the effect on reduction of blasting vibration is;The effects on vibration reduction are distinct to low frequency seismic wave at far distance from the gap or slot excavation face.
Gap or slot has an important effect on reduction of blasting vibration.The effect of vibration isolation and damping of gap or slot,which formed by detonation of the blasting fuse and excavation through manual work,is studied in this paper.In order to investigate the action of gap or slot,three underground explosion experiments were carried out on the north side of gap or slot,whose equivalent is 50g TNT and embedded depth is 1 m.The Pre-split crack zone exists in both sides of gap or slot formed by detonation of the blasting fuse.The experimental results show that the effects of gap or slot on reduction of blasting vibration are distinct and the explosion earthquake wave frequency spectrum characteristics are changed.The effect of gap or slot formed by detonation of the blasting fuse is superior to that of men-made gap or slot.The closer to gap or slot excavation face,the better the effect on reduction of blasting vibration is;The effects on vibration reduction are distinct to low frequency seismic wave at far distance from the gap or slot excavation face.
引文
[1]卢文波,赖世骧,董振华.岩石钻爆开挖中预裂缝的隔振效果分析[J].爆炸与冲击,1997,7(3):193-198.(Lu Wenbo,Lai Shixiang,Dong Zhenghua.Analy-sis of vibration isolating effect of pre-splitting crack inrock excavation by blasting[J].Explosion and ShockWaves,1997,7(3):193-198.(in Chinese))
[2]张志呈,肖正学,张渝疆,等.工程爆破地震波的裂隙效应[J].西南科技大学学报,2004,9(3):57-60.(Zhang Zhicheng,Xiao Zhenxue,Zhang Yujiang,et al.The crack effect of the earthquake wave from the engi-neering blasting[J].Journal of Southwest University ofScience and Technology,2004,9(3):57-60.(in Chi-nese))
[3]张志呈,肖正学,张渝疆,等.工程爆破中构造断层的隔震效应[J].西部探矿工程,2005,(5):121-123.(Zhang Zhicheng,Xiao Zhenxue.Zhang Yujiang,et al.The vibration-isolating effect of the earthquake wavefrom the engineering blasting[J].West-China Explora-tion Engineering,2005,(5):121-123.(in Chinese))
[4]Hagimori Kenji.Low vibration blasting methods withcontinuous slots[C]//Proceedings of the Japan Societyof Civil Engineers,1988:142-150.
[5]Noma Tatsuya.Development of low noise and vibrationtunneling methods using slots by single hole continuousdrilling[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Tech-nology,2003,18(2):263-270.
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[7]邹奕芳.预裂缝和减震槽减震效果的爆破试验研究[J].爆破,2005,22(2):96-99.(Zou Yifang.Experi-mental study on the vibration-isolating effect on pre-splitcrack and vibration-isolating slot[J].Blasting,2005,22(2):96-99.(in Chinese))
[8]蒋伯杰,邹奕芳,易长平.减震槽减震效果的动力有限元数值模拟研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2004,(8):89-91.(Jiang Bojie,Zou Yifang,Yi Chang-ping.The dynamic fem numerical simulation for the vi-bration-isolating effect of vibration-isolating slot[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2004,(8):89-91.(in Chinese))
[9]梁开水,陈天珠,易长平.减震沟减震效果的数值模拟研究[J].爆破,2006,23(3):18-21.(LiangKaishui,Chen Tianzhu,Yi Changping.Numerical simu-lation for vibration-isolatin effect of vibration-isolatingslot[J].Blasting,2006,23(3):18-21.(in Chi-nese))
[10]张喆,王幸荣.预裂缝宽度对减振效果影响规律的数值分析[J].爆破,2006,23(3):22-24.(ZhangZhe,Wang Xingrong.Numerical simulation analysis ofthe effect of pre-splitting crack width on damping vibra-tion[J].Blasting,2006,23(3):22-24.(in Chi-nese))
[11]文潮,李运良,王占江,等.减震沟槽成形技术实验研究[J].应用物理,2010,1(3):300-307.(WenChao,Wang Zhanjiang,Li Yunliang,et al.Experimentalstudy on the technique of forming damping ditch/slot[J].Applied Physics,2010,1(3):300-307.(in Chi-nese))
[2]张志呈,肖正学,张渝疆,等.工程爆破地震波的裂隙效应[J].西南科技大学学报,2004,9(3):57-60.(Zhang Zhicheng,Xiao Zhenxue,Zhang Yujiang,et al.The crack effect of the earthquake wave from the engi-neering blasting[J].Journal of Southwest University ofScience and Technology,2004,9(3):57-60.(in Chi-nese))
[3]张志呈,肖正学,张渝疆,等.工程爆破中构造断层的隔震效应[J].西部探矿工程,2005,(5):121-123.(Zhang Zhicheng,Xiao Zhenxue.Zhang Yujiang,et al.The vibration-isolating effect of the earthquake wavefrom the engineering blasting[J].West-China Explora-tion Engineering,2005,(5):121-123.(in Chinese))
[4]Hagimori Kenji.Low vibration blasting methods withcontinuous slots[C]//Proceedings of the Japan Societyof Civil Engineers,1988:142-150.
[5]Noma Tatsuya.Development of low noise and vibrationtunneling methods using slots by single hole continuousdrilling[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Tech-nology,2003,18(2):263-270.
[6]娄建武,龙源,周翔,等.爆炸波传播的沟槽效应及分析[J].矿冶工程,2004,24(1):11-15.(Lou Jian-wu,Long Yuan,Zhou Xiang.Damping ditch effect inpropagation of blasting seismic wave and its analysis[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2004,24(1):11-15.(in Chinese))
[7]邹奕芳.预裂缝和减震槽减震效果的爆破试验研究[J].爆破,2005,22(2):96-99.(Zou Yifang.Experi-mental study on the vibration-isolating effect on pre-splitcrack and vibration-isolating slot[J].Blasting,2005,22(2):96-99.(in Chinese))
[8]蒋伯杰,邹奕芳,易长平.减震槽减震效果的动力有限元数值模拟研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2004,(8):89-91.(Jiang Bojie,Zou Yifang,Yi Chang-ping.The dynamic fem numerical simulation for the vi-bration-isolating effect of vibration-isolating slot[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2004,(8):89-91.(in Chinese))
[9]梁开水,陈天珠,易长平.减震沟减震效果的数值模拟研究[J].爆破,2006,23(3):18-21.(LiangKaishui,Chen Tianzhu,Yi Changping.Numerical simu-lation for vibration-isolatin effect of vibration-isolatingslot[J].Blasting,2006,23(3):18-21.(in Chi-nese))
[10]张喆,王幸荣.预裂缝宽度对减振效果影响规律的数值分析[J].爆破,2006,23(3):22-24.(ZhangZhe,Wang Xingrong.Numerical simulation analysis ofthe effect of pre-splitting crack width on damping vibra-tion[J].Blasting,2006,23(3):22-24.(in Chi-nese))
[11]文潮,李运良,王占江,等.减震沟槽成形技术实验研究[J].应用物理,2010,1(3):300-307.(WenChao,Wang Zhanjiang,Li Yunliang,et al.Experimentalstudy on the technique of forming damping ditch/slot[J].Applied Physics,2010,1(3):300-307.(in Chi-nese))
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