中国古建筑简化分析研究
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摘要
为研究中国古建筑的固有特性和抗震性能,根据西安城南门箭楼复原工程资料,采用半刚性弹簧单元来模拟实体结构的榫卯、斗栱和柱础连接,建立箭楼大木作构架的局部和整体两种有限元模型。采用Block Lanczos方法,分别进行模态分析,得出模型的前10阶频率和振型;采用瞬态分析方法,在El Centro波、Taft波和兰州人工波三种地震激励下分别进行时程分析,得到模型的位移和加速度时程曲线。通过比较两种模型的基本参数和频率、振型以及地震激励响应三者的相对误差,探讨采用局部模型代替整体模型进行其结构抗震性能分析的可行性。分析结果表明,中国木结构古建筑可用局部模型近似代替整体模型进行动力特性简化分析。文中提供的方法和结论,可为古建筑维护和复建工程提供一定的借鉴。
In order to study the inherent characteristics and the seismic characteristics of Chinese ancient buildings,according to the rehabilitation engineering data of embrasured watchtower of southgate of Xi'an City,two finite element models of local and global of large wooden frame of embrasured watchtower are obtained by applying semi-rigid spring element to simulate the joint of mortise-tenon,dou-gong and column-foundation in the real wooden structure.The first 10 inherent frequencies and vibrations of models are obtained by analysing the finite element model,using the method of Block Lanczos with full transient analysis,considering two models subjected to El Centro ground motion,Taft ground motion and Lanzhou artificial ground motion excitation,got the model displacement and acceleration time history curves.Comparing the two model's basic parameters and the relative errors of frequencies,vibrations and the excitation effects under the three ground motions to discuss the feasibility of analysis of seismic performance using the local model instead of the whole model,drew the conclusions that the local model can be used instead of the overall model of Chinese ancient buildings for dynamic characteristics analysis and research.Based on the results,the analysis method and conclusions could be referenced to other ancient strueture protection and rehabilitation.
In order to study the inherent characteristics and the seismic characteristics of Chinese ancient buildings,according to the rehabilitation engineering data of embrasured watchtower of southgate of Xi'an City,two finite element models of local and global of large wooden frame of embrasured watchtower are obtained by applying semi-rigid spring element to simulate the joint of mortise-tenon,dou-gong and column-foundation in the real wooden structure.The first 10 inherent frequencies and vibrations of models are obtained by analysing the finite element model,using the method of Block Lanczos with full transient analysis,considering two models subjected to El Centro ground motion,Taft ground motion and Lanzhou artificial ground motion excitation,got the model displacement and acceleration time history curves.Comparing the two model's basic parameters and the relative errors of frequencies,vibrations and the excitation effects under the three ground motions to discuss the feasibility of analysis of seismic performance using the local model instead of the whole model,drew the conclusions that the local model can be used instead of the overall model of Chinese ancient buildings for dynamic characteristics analysis and research.Based on the results,the analysis method and conclusions could be referenced to other ancient strueture protection and rehabilitation.
引文
[1]俞茂宏.西安古城墙和钟鼓楼,历史艺术和科学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2009.
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[6]丁磊,西安鼓楼木结构的动力特性及地震反应分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2003,37(9):986-988.
[7]李桂荣,郭思栋,朱敏.中国古建筑抗震性能分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(6):68-72.
[8]高大峰,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古建木构架在水平反复荷载作用下的试验研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2002,34(3):317-324.
[9]高大峰,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古建木构架在水平反复荷载作用下变形及内力特征[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):9-14.
[10]高大峰,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古代木构建筑抗震机理及抗震加固效果的试验研究[J].世界地震工程2003,19(2):1-10.
[11]姚侃,赵鸿铁.木构古建筑柱与柱础的摩擦滑移隔震机理研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):127-131.
[12]King W S,Chen W F.LRFD Analysis for semi-rigid frame design.Engrg[J].Journal AISC,1993,30(4):130-140.
[13]Tin-Loi F,Vimonsatit V.Nonlinear analysis of semi-rigid frames:aparametric complementarity approach[J].Engineering Structure,1996,18(2):115-124.
[14]Chen H,Bland ford G E.Finite-element model for thin walled space frame flexible connection behavior[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1991,121(10):1514-1521.
[15]Liang,Ssu-Cheng(edited by Wilma Fairbank).A pictorial history of Chinese architecture[M].Boston:MTTPress,1984.
[16]李诫(宋).营造法式[M].上海:商务印书馆,1950.
[17]王天.古代大木作静力初探[M].北京:文物出版社,1992.
[2]方东平,俞茂宏,宫本裕,等.木结构古建筑结构特性的实验研究[J].工程力学,2000,17(2):75-83.
[3]江正荣.建筑施工手册之十五:木结构工程[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[4]苏军.中国木结构古建筑抗震性能研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2008.
[5]方东平,俞茂宏,宫本裕,等.木结构古建筑结构特性的计算研究[J].工程力学,2001,18(1):137-144.
[6]丁磊,西安鼓楼木结构的动力特性及地震反应分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2003,37(9):986-988.
[7]李桂荣,郭思栋,朱敏.中国古建筑抗震性能分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(6):68-72.
[8]高大峰,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古建木构架在水平反复荷载作用下的试验研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2002,34(3):317-324.
[9]高大峰,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古建木构架在水平反复荷载作用下变形及内力特征[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):9-14.
[10]高大峰,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.中国古代木构建筑抗震机理及抗震加固效果的试验研究[J].世界地震工程2003,19(2):1-10.
[11]姚侃,赵鸿铁.木构古建筑柱与柱础的摩擦滑移隔震机理研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(8):127-131.
[12]King W S,Chen W F.LRFD Analysis for semi-rigid frame design.Engrg[J].Journal AISC,1993,30(4):130-140.
[13]Tin-Loi F,Vimonsatit V.Nonlinear analysis of semi-rigid frames:aparametric complementarity approach[J].Engineering Structure,1996,18(2):115-124.
[14]Chen H,Bland ford G E.Finite-element model for thin walled space frame flexible connection behavior[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1991,121(10):1514-1521.
[15]Liang,Ssu-Cheng(edited by Wilma Fairbank).A pictorial history of Chinese architecture[M].Boston:MTTPress,1984.
[16]李诫(宋).营造法式[M].上海:商务印书馆,1950.
[17]王天.古代大木作静力初探[M].北京:文物出版社,1992.
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