临南洼陷三角洲地震岩相解释方法
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摘要
惠民凹陷西南部临南洼陷沙三段浊积岩发育规模小、数量多、分布广。以砂组为单元的储层预测容易漏掉地震特征不明显的砂体,难于实现浊积岩的整体预测。在遵循层序及砂组"等时性"和沉积等相"穿时性"对比原则基础上,由地质相、测井相和地震相建立了岩相的三元信息识别模式。通过层序、岩相和砂组单元的构造、厚度与储集体的地震属性研究,形成了岩相单元的浊积岩储层预测三步法:三级层序定古地貌,岩相定区带,砂组定储层。该方法在临南洼陷中应用并取得了良好效果:建立了远砂坝与泥岩、远砂坝与浊积岩、河口坝与泥岩、河口坝与浊积岩4种三角洲前缘亚相与前三角洲亚相的接触模式;落实了多个前三角洲亚相的相构形,预测了洼陷带浊积岩有利发育区,为临南洼陷浊积岩油藏的整体评价和勘探部署提供了可靠依据。
Turbidite in the third member of Shahejie Formation in Linnan subsag features in small,size,large number and wide distribution.It is hard to fully predict turbidites,because the sandbodies with ambiguous seismic features could be easily missed in reservoir prediction when taking sand group as unit.Based on the principles of isochronism in sequence and sand group and diachronism in sedimentary isochron-facies,this paper establishes the recognition modes of lithofacies with ternary information including geologic facies,well log facies and seismic facies.By studying the structure,thickness and seismic attribute of the reservoir based on the unit of sequence,lithofacies and sand-groups individually,a three-step method is developed for the prediction of the turbidite reservoir in the unit of lithofacies: defining palaeotopography according to third-order sequence,determining plays according to lithofacies,and delineating reservoir distribution according to sand groups.The method has been successfully applied in Lunnan sag: four kinds of contact models between the delta front and prodelta subfacies were established,i.e.distal sandbar-mudstone,distal sandbar-turbidite,mouth bar-mudstone,and mouth bar-turbidite.The shape of multiple prodelta subfacies is defined,and the favorable turbidite reservoirs are predicted,laying a reliable basis for turbidite evaluation and exploration deployment in Linnan subsag.
Turbidite in the third member of Shahejie Formation in Linnan subsag features in small,size,large number and wide distribution.It is hard to fully predict turbidites,because the sandbodies with ambiguous seismic features could be easily missed in reservoir prediction when taking sand group as unit.Based on the principles of isochronism in sequence and sand group and diachronism in sedimentary isochron-facies,this paper establishes the recognition modes of lithofacies with ternary information including geologic facies,well log facies and seismic facies.By studying the structure,thickness and seismic attribute of the reservoir based on the unit of sequence,lithofacies and sand-groups individually,a three-step method is developed for the prediction of the turbidite reservoir in the unit of lithofacies: defining palaeotopography according to third-order sequence,determining plays according to lithofacies,and delineating reservoir distribution according to sand groups.The method has been successfully applied in Lunnan sag: four kinds of contact models between the delta front and prodelta subfacies were established,i.e.distal sandbar-mudstone,distal sandbar-turbidite,mouth bar-mudstone,and mouth bar-turbidite.The shape of multiple prodelta subfacies is defined,and the favorable turbidite reservoirs are predicted,laying a reliable basis for turbidite evaluation and exploration deployment in Linnan subsag.
引文
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[11]操应长,韩敏,王艳忠,等.济阳坳陷车镇凹陷沙二段浅水三角洲沉积特征及模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):576-582,601.Cao Yingchang,Han Min,Wang Yanzhong,et al.Sedimentarycharacteristics and models of shallow-water delta deposits in thesecond member of the Shahejie Formation in the Chezhen Sag,the Jiyang Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):576-582,601.
[12]刘永强,刘晓龙.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷留西地区沙三上亚段层序地层与隐蔽油藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(6):747-753.Liu Yongqiang,Liu Xiaolong.Sequence stratigraphy of the up-per third member of the Shahejie Formation in Liuxi area of theRaoyang Sag,the Jizhong Depression and exploration of subtlereservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(6):747-753.
[13]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.地震沉积学的概念、方法和技术[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):698-704.Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Conception,method and technology of the seismic sedimentology[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(6):698-704.
[14]赵密福,信荃麟,刘泽容.惠民凹陷临南洼陷滑塌浊积岩分布规律及其控制因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(5):14-17.Zhao Mifu,Xin Quanlin,Liu Zerong.Distribution rule and itscontrolling factors of slump turbidite of Linnan subsag inHuimin Sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2001,8(5):14-17.
[15]吴崇筠,薛叔浩.中国含油气盆地沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992,63-87.Wu Chongjun,Xue Shuhao.Sedimentology of Petroliferous Ba-sins in China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992,63-87.
[2]李丕龙,张善文,宋国奇,等.断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成机制——以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷为例[J].石油实验地质,2004,26(1):3-10.Li Pilong,Zhang Shanwen,Song Guoqi,et al.Forming mecha-nism of subtle oil pools in fault basins-taking Jiyang depressionof the Bohaiwan Basin as an example[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2004,26(1):3-10.
[3]张善文.济阳坳陷第三系隐蔽油气藏勘探理论与实践[J],石油与天然气地质.2006,27(6):731-740.Zhang Shanwen.Exploration theory and practice of the Tertiarysubtle reservoirs in Jiyang Depression[J],Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(6):731-740.
[4]韩文功,张建宁,王金铎.济阳坳陷隐蔽圈闭识别与精细描述[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):849-859.Han Wengong,Zhang Jianning,Wang Jinduo.Recognition andfine description of subtle traps in Jiyang Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology.2006,27(6):849-859.
[5]张小莉,查明,杨懿.惠民凹陷沙河街组三段岩性油藏储层孔隙结构特征及油气意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(2):287-292.Zhang Xiaoli,Zha Ming,Yang Yi.Pore structure features oflithllogic reservoirs in the third member of Shahejie formation inHuimin sag and their significance in petroleum exploration[J].Oil&Gas Geology.2007,28(2):287-292.
[6]张勇,柳永清.惠民凹陷西部老第三系沙河街组三段三角洲体系及砂岩体沉积特征和演化规律[J].地质论评,2001,47(3):322-329.Zhang Yong,Liu Yongqing.The evolution of Palaeogene deltadepositional systems and sand bodies in the western Huimin de-pression,Shandong Province[J].Geoogcal Review,2001,47(3):322-329.
[7]张宇,邱桂强,李趁义,等.惠民凹陷沙河街组三段岩性油藏勘探方向[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):162-165.Zhang Yu,Qiu Guiqiang,Li Chenyi,et al.Exploration trend forlitho-oil reservoir in 3rd member of Shahejie Formation ofHuimin Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology.2002,23(2):162-165.
[8]潘元林,李思田.大型陆相断陷盆地层序地层与隐蔽油藏研究——以济阳坳陷为例[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2004,57-82.Pan Yuanlin,Li Sitian.Study of large-scale continental rift ba-sin sequence stratigraphy and subtle oil and gas reservoir—Taking Jiyang Depression for example[M].Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2004,57-82.
[9]潘元林,宗国洪,郭玉新,等.济阳断陷湖盆层序地层学及砂砾岩油气藏群[J].石油学报,2003,24(3):16-23.Pan Yuanlin,Zong Guohong,Guo Yuxin,et al.Terrestrial se-quence stratigraphy and lithological deposit group of sandstonein Jiyang faulted lacustrine basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(3):16-23.
[10]姜在兴,操应长.砂体层序地层及沉积学研究——以山东惠民凹陷为例[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.Jiang Zaixing,Cao Yingchang.The study for sandbody sequencestratigraphics and sediments—a case of shangdong huiming sag[M].Beijing:Geology Industry Press,2000.
[11]操应长,韩敏,王艳忠,等.济阳坳陷车镇凹陷沙二段浅水三角洲沉积特征及模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):576-582,601.Cao Yingchang,Han Min,Wang Yanzhong,et al.Sedimentarycharacteristics and models of shallow-water delta deposits in thesecond member of the Shahejie Formation in the Chezhen Sag,the Jiyang Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):576-582,601.
[12]刘永强,刘晓龙.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷留西地区沙三上亚段层序地层与隐蔽油藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(6):747-753.Liu Yongqiang,Liu Xiaolong.Sequence stratigraphy of the up-per third member of the Shahejie Formation in Liuxi area of theRaoyang Sag,the Jizhong Depression and exploration of subtlereservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(6):747-753.
[13]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.地震沉积学的概念、方法和技术[J].沉积学报,2006,24(6):698-704.Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Conception,method and technology of the seismic sedimentology[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(6):698-704.
[14]赵密福,信荃麟,刘泽容.惠民凹陷临南洼陷滑塌浊积岩分布规律及其控制因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2001,8(5):14-17.Zhao Mifu,Xin Quanlin,Liu Zerong.Distribution rule and itscontrolling factors of slump turbidite of Linnan subsag inHuimin Sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2001,8(5):14-17.
[15]吴崇筠,薛叔浩.中国含油气盆地沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992,63-87.Wu Chongjun,Xue Shuhao.Sedimentology of Petroliferous Ba-sins in China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992,63-87.
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