汶川地震地表破裂周围建筑物重建的避让距离
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摘要
2008年5月12日汶川Ms8.0级地震地表破裂迹线周围建筑物倒塌率非常之高,导致重大的人员伤亡,举世震惊。为了避免历史悲剧重演,沿地表破裂迹线周围建筑物重建时,必须确定一个合适的避让距离。本文依据现场科考地表破裂带宽度、建筑物完全倒塌宽度、倒塌率与断层距之间的关系,联合未来一段时间范围内断层地震危险性分析、地表破裂迹线永久位移分布模式,建立完全倒塌与断层距之间的关系。提出了几种情况下的汶川Ms8.0级地震地表迹线处建筑物重建应考虑的避让距离。
The Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake caused high rate collapse of buildings near the trace of surface rupture and inflicted serious casualties.To avoid repeating of the tragedy,a setback distance should be determined in reconstruction along the trace of surface rupture.Based on the dislocations at the rupture point,the width of the surface rupture and the width of building total collapse originated from field investigation,the relationships among them are established.With the probabilistic approach to evaluate the permanent displacement crossing fault,the setback distances in two cases are discussed.
The Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake caused high rate collapse of buildings near the trace of surface rupture and inflicted serious casualties.To avoid repeating of the tragedy,a setback distance should be determined in reconstruction along the trace of surface rupture.Based on the dislocations at the rupture point,the width of the surface rupture and the width of building total collapse originated from field investigation,the relationships among them are established.With the probabilistic approach to evaluate the permanent displacement crossing fault,the setback distances in two cases are discussed.
引文
[1]赵纪生,师黎静,吴景发,等.汶川8.0级地震地表破裂迹线附近建筑物震害科考报告[R].中国地震局工程力学研究所,2009.
[2]徐锡伟、闻学泽、叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.
[3]Todorovska MI,Trifunac MD,Lee V W.Shaking hazard compatible methodology for probabilistic assessment of permanent ground displacementacross earthquake faults[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2007,27(6):586-597.
[4]Youngs R R,Eeri M,Arabasz W J,et al.Amethodology for probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis(PFDHA)[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(1):191-219.
[5]赵纪生,周正华.灾后城镇重新选址的地震地质灾害评估纲要[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(2):26-31.
[6]赵纪生,周正华.发震断层的永久位移概率评估方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊2):3349-3356.
[7]赵纪生,刘艳琼.基于第四代地震区划的跨越发震断层永久位移概率分析方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(4):22-27.
[2]徐锡伟、闻学泽、叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.
[3]Todorovska MI,Trifunac MD,Lee V W.Shaking hazard compatible methodology for probabilistic assessment of permanent ground displacementacross earthquake faults[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2007,27(6):586-597.
[4]Youngs R R,Eeri M,Arabasz W J,et al.Amethodology for probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis(PFDHA)[J].Earthquake Spectra,2003,19(1):191-219.
[5]赵纪生,周正华.灾后城镇重新选址的地震地质灾害评估纲要[J].世界地震工程,2008,24(2):26-31.
[6]赵纪生,周正华.发震断层的永久位移概率评估方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增刊2):3349-3356.
[7]赵纪生,刘艳琼.基于第四代地震区划的跨越发震断层永久位移概率分析方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(4):22-27.
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