复杂平原水网地区高精度三维地震采集技术——以高邮凹陷YA、ZD高精度三维地震勘探为例
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摘要
高邮凹陷YA、ZD地区为典型的江苏平原水网地形。野外地震资料采集难,如激发、接收条件横向变化大,静校正问题较突出,各类干扰严重等。为此,开展了高精度三维地震资料采集技术研究:进行了面向地质目标的精细设计;开展精细表层结构调查;结合高清晰度卫星图片的辅助设计,采用高密度炮点加密变观技术解决丢炮问题;针对性地应用折射静校正处理技术。提高了地震剖面反射波组的连续性、频率的一致性和资料的信噪比,最终获得了较高品质的原始地震记录。
YA and ZD regions in Gaoyou Depression were the typical complex plain and water system areas. It was difficult for field seismic data acquisition,including big lateral changes of excitation and receiving condition,serious influence of static correction and various interferences. Therefore aiming at these problems,high-precision 3D seismic data acquisition techniques were studied. A fine design was provided for overall geological target,a fine surface structure was investigated. In combination with a corollary design of high precision satellite remote sensing pictures. A high density shot technique was adopted to avoid losing shot in the location where shot couldn't be arrived. In addition,a technique for refraction and static correction was applied to improve the continuity of seismic refraction wave and the consistence of frequency as well as the signal-noise ratio. Eventually an original record with high quality is obtained.
YA and ZD regions in Gaoyou Depression were the typical complex plain and water system areas. It was difficult for field seismic data acquisition,including big lateral changes of excitation and receiving condition,serious influence of static correction and various interferences. Therefore aiming at these problems,high-precision 3D seismic data acquisition techniques were studied. A fine design was provided for overall geological target,a fine surface structure was investigated. In combination with a corollary design of high precision satellite remote sensing pictures. A high density shot technique was adopted to avoid losing shot in the location where shot couldn't be arrived. In addition,a technique for refraction and static correction was applied to improve the continuity of seismic refraction wave and the consistence of frequency as well as the signal-noise ratio. Eventually an original record with high quality is obtained.
引文
[1]赵殿栋,吕公河,张庆淮,等.高精度三维地震采集技术及应用效果[J].石油物探,2001,40(1):1~8.
[2]石一青,徐继伟,高宏江.江苏水网地区高分辨率三维地震采集技术研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):264~271.
[3]朱相雨,王远见.江苏复杂水网地区地震采集方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):355~360.
[4]段书富,马永乐,侯伯军.高邮凹陷公道三维地震勘探二次采集技术[J].勘探装备,2004,14(2):92~97.
[5]芮建民,石一青,贾洪顺.高邮凹陷南断阶带低信噪比地区地震勘探技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(4):258~264.
[6]谭胜章,杜惠平,宋国良,等.高精度三维地震资料采集技术——以官渡地区山地地震勘探为例[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):74~80.
[7]尹成,吕公河,田继东,等.基于地球物理目标参数的三维地震观测系统优化设计[J].石油物探,2001,45(1):74~78.
[8]谢文胜,田海芹,陈世悦.西湖凹陷黄岩构造三维地震采集参数设计与论证[J].石油大学学报,2002,26(1):19~20.
[9]谭绍泉,刘光林,刘泰生,等.面元叠加地震采集技术[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):162~164.
[10]杨红霞.地震数据采集技术进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(5-6):463~468.
[11]凌云研究小组.宽方位角地震勘探应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):350~357.
[2]石一青,徐继伟,高宏江.江苏水网地区高分辨率三维地震采集技术研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(3):264~271.
[3]朱相雨,王远见.江苏复杂水网地区地震采集方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(3):355~360.
[4]段书富,马永乐,侯伯军.高邮凹陷公道三维地震勘探二次采集技术[J].勘探装备,2004,14(2):92~97.
[5]芮建民,石一青,贾洪顺.高邮凹陷南断阶带低信噪比地区地震勘探技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(4):258~264.
[6]谭胜章,杜惠平,宋国良,等.高精度三维地震资料采集技术——以官渡地区山地地震勘探为例[J].石油物探,2007,46(1):74~80.
[7]尹成,吕公河,田继东,等.基于地球物理目标参数的三维地震观测系统优化设计[J].石油物探,2001,45(1):74~78.
[8]谢文胜,田海芹,陈世悦.西湖凹陷黄岩构造三维地震采集参数设计与论证[J].石油大学学报,2002,26(1):19~20.
[9]谭绍泉,刘光林,刘泰生,等.面元叠加地震采集技术[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):162~164.
[10]杨红霞.地震数据采集技术进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(5-6):463~468.
[11]凌云研究小组.宽方位角地震勘探应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):350~357.
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