土层地震反应等效线性化方法综述
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摘要
当前土层地震反应分析所用的主要方法是一维等效线性化波动方法。简单阐述了等效线性化方法的基本原理,总结了其发展历程和现状。根据其原理和多年的应用实践,指出了其优点和缺点。其优点主要是概念简单明确,计算量较小,便于工程应用。其缺点主要是该方法本身不能反应地震波在土体传播的真实过程,在工程实践中处理软弱土层和强震动输入时所表现出的一些不合理的地方。并对这些优缺点的机理进行了简要地分析。
One-dimension equivalent linear method is a main method of seismic response analysis for soil layers. In this paper, the method’s basic principle is clarified briefly, its developing course and actualities are summarized. According to its basic principle and application practice, its merits and shortcomings are pointed out. Its merits are simple and clear conception, little calculation and easy application to engineering. Its shortcomings are not to simulate the soil’s status really when the wave propagates through soil layers, and are to obtain unreasonable results when soft layer or strong earthquake input is calculated by the method in engineering practice. The reasons why the merits and shortcomings appear are analyzed briefly.
One-dimension equivalent linear method is a main method of seismic response analysis for soil layers. In this paper, the method’s basic principle is clarified briefly, its developing course and actualities are summarized. According to its basic principle and application practice, its merits and shortcomings are pointed out. Its merits are simple and clear conception, little calculation and easy application to engineering. Its shortcomings are not to simulate the soil’s status really when the wave propagates through soil layers, and are to obtain unreasonable results when soft layer or strong earthquake input is calculated by the method in engineering practice. The reasons why the merits and shortcomings appear are analyzed briefly.
引文
[1]胡聿贤.地震安全性评价技术教程[M].北京,地震出版社,2003.358-363.
[2]金星,孔戈,等.水平成层场地地震反应非线性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):38-43.
[3]廖振鹏,李小军.地表土层地震反应的等效线性化解法[A].地震小区划(理论与实践)[C].北京:地震出版社,1989.141-153.
[4]李小军.场地土层对地面运动影响的分析方法[J].世界地震工程,1992,8(2):49-60.
[5]Idriss I M,Sun J.User′s manual for SHAKE91-A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analyses of horizontallylayered soil deposits:center for geotechnical modeling[R].Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering,University of California,Davis,California,August 1992.
[6]李小军.一维土层地震反应线性化计算程序[A].地震小区划(理论与实践)[C].北京:地震出版社,1989.250-265.
[7]王志良,韩清宇.粘弹塑性土层地震反应的波动分析方法[J].地震工程与工程震动,1981,1(1):117-137.
[8]齐文浩.土层地震反应分析方法的比较研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.
[9]Bruckner A,Lin Y K.Generalization of the equivalent linearization method for non-linear random vibration problem[J].Non-Linear Meth,1987,22(3):227-235.
[10]Han G,Wu Z and Lin G.The analysis of random seismic response of nonlinear viscous soil layers[A].Euro-China Joint Seminer on EarthquakeEngineering[C],Beijing,China,1986.
[11]吴再光,等.非线性土层平稳随机地震反应分析的等价线性化法[J].水利学报,1988,8:68-73.
[12]吴再光,等.非线性土层随机地震反应的概率平均等价线性化法[J].岩土工程学报,1989,11(4):9-16.
[13]吴再光,等.水平成层地基非平稳随机地震反应分析[J].土木工程学报,1992,25(3):60-67.
[14]陈原,李杰.一致激励条件下非线性工程场地地震动相干函数分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(4):369-376.
[15]徐学燕,徐春华,等.冻土场地地震加速度反应谱研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):6 80一683.
[16]高峰,陈兴冲,等.季节性冻土和多年冻土对场地地展反应的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1639-1644.
[17]黄雨,陈竹昌,等.上海软土的动力计算模型[J].同济大学学报,2000,28(3):359-363.
[18]黄雨,叶为民,等.上海深厚饱和覆盖土层的动力耦合地震反应分析[J].岩土力学,2002,23(4):411-416.
[19]黄雨,叶为民,等.上海软土场地的地震反应特征分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):773-778.
[20]刘海笑,王世水.改进的等效线性化计算模型及在结构海床耦合系统动力分析中的应用[J].中国港湾建设,2006,(1):12-15,42.
[21]Yoshida N,Kobayashi S,Suetomi I,et al.Equivalent linear method considering frequency dependent characteristicsof stiffness and damping[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(3):205-222.
[22]姜通,邢海灵.水平土层地震反应分析考虑频率相关性的等效线性化方法[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(2):218-224.
[23]Kausel E,Assimaki D.Seismic simulation of inelastic soils via frequency-dependent moduli and damping[J].Journal of Engineering Mechan-ics,ASCE,2002,128(1):34-46.
[24]Assimaki D,Kausel E.An equivalent linear algorithm with frequency-and pressure-dependent moduli and damping for the seismic analysis ofdeep sites[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(9/12):959-965.
[25]张克绪.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989年.
[26]Martin P P,Seed HB.One-dimensional dynamic ground response analyses[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1982,108(7):935-952.
[27]Hadjian A H,Tseng W S.罗东(台湾)土-结构相互作用大比例模型试验的启示(Ⅰ)[J].世界地震工程,1993,9(3):41-52.
[28]齐文浩,薄景山,等.强震记录对三个土层地震反应分析程序的检验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(5):30-33.
[29]李大华,罗兆珲,等.一维土层非线性地震反应分析的解析递推格式法[J],中国科技论文在线,http://www.paper.edu.cn.
[30]李小军,廖振鹏.土应力应变关系的粘-弹-塑模型[J].地震工程与工程震动,1989,9(3):65-72.
[31]李小军.土的动力本构关系的一种简单的函数表达式[J].岩土工程学报,1992,14(5):90-94.
[32]栾茂田,林皋.场地地震反应一维非线性计算模型[J].工程力学,1992,9(1):94-103.
[33]栾茂田,邵宇.土体地震反应非线性分析方法比较研究[A].第五届全国土动力学学术会议论文集[C],1998.203-209.
[34]吴世明.土动力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000年.
[35]李小军.粘弹塑性模型及土层地震反应分析[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所,1987.34-51.
[36]高玉峰,金建新,等.成层地基一维土层地震反应解析解[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(4):498-500.
[37]李小军,彭青,等.设计地震动参数确定中的场地影响考虑[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(4):34-41.
[38]李小军,彭青,等.不同类别场地地震动参数的计算分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(1):29-36。
[39]薄景山,李秀领,等.场地条件对地震动影响研究的若干进展[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(2):11-15.
[40]李媛媛,徐扬.不同类别场地地震震动反应分析[J].山西地震,2005,(4):29-33.
[41]戚承志,钱七虎.核电站抗震研究综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):76-86.
[42]杨伟林,陈国兴.软土地基深开挖对场地设计地震动的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):93-99.
[43]李秀领.土层结构对地表地震动参数影响的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2003.91-92.
[44]Bardet J P,Ichii Kand Lin C H.EERA-Acomputer program for equivalent-linear earthquake site response analyses[R].Department of CivilEngineering,University of southern California,August 2000.
[45]周克森.一维土层非线性地震反映分析的δ-θ法[J].地震工程与工程震动,1996,16(4):1-14.
[46]林皋,孔宪京.岩土地基防灾区划研究动向[J].国际学术动态,1997,(8):71-74.
[47]Youssef MA,Hashash D P.Non-linear one-dimensional seismic ground motion propagation in the Mississippi embayment[J].EngineeringGeology,2001,62(2):185-206.
[48]Kausel E,Assimaki D.Seismic simulation of inelastic soil via frequency-dependent moduli and damping[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,2002,128(1):34-46.
[49]李小军.非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法[J].华南地震,1992,12(4):1-8.
[50]陈国兴,谢君斐,等.土体地震反应分析的简化有效应力法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1995,15(2):52-61.
[2]金星,孔戈,等.水平成层场地地震反应非线性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):38-43.
[3]廖振鹏,李小军.地表土层地震反应的等效线性化解法[A].地震小区划(理论与实践)[C].北京:地震出版社,1989.141-153.
[4]李小军.场地土层对地面运动影响的分析方法[J].世界地震工程,1992,8(2):49-60.
[5]Idriss I M,Sun J.User′s manual for SHAKE91-A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analyses of horizontallylayered soil deposits:center for geotechnical modeling[R].Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering,University of California,Davis,California,August 1992.
[6]李小军.一维土层地震反应线性化计算程序[A].地震小区划(理论与实践)[C].北京:地震出版社,1989.250-265.
[7]王志良,韩清宇.粘弹塑性土层地震反应的波动分析方法[J].地震工程与工程震动,1981,1(1):117-137.
[8]齐文浩.土层地震反应分析方法的比较研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2004.
[9]Bruckner A,Lin Y K.Generalization of the equivalent linearization method for non-linear random vibration problem[J].Non-Linear Meth,1987,22(3):227-235.
[10]Han G,Wu Z and Lin G.The analysis of random seismic response of nonlinear viscous soil layers[A].Euro-China Joint Seminer on EarthquakeEngineering[C],Beijing,China,1986.
[11]吴再光,等.非线性土层平稳随机地震反应分析的等价线性化法[J].水利学报,1988,8:68-73.
[12]吴再光,等.非线性土层随机地震反应的概率平均等价线性化法[J].岩土工程学报,1989,11(4):9-16.
[13]吴再光,等.水平成层地基非平稳随机地震反应分析[J].土木工程学报,1992,25(3):60-67.
[14]陈原,李杰.一致激励条件下非线性工程场地地震动相干函数分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(4):369-376.
[15]徐学燕,徐春华,等.冻土场地地震加速度反应谱研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(6):6 80一683.
[16]高峰,陈兴冲,等.季节性冻土和多年冻土对场地地展反应的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(8):1639-1644.
[17]黄雨,陈竹昌,等.上海软土的动力计算模型[J].同济大学学报,2000,28(3):359-363.
[18]黄雨,叶为民,等.上海深厚饱和覆盖土层的动力耦合地震反应分析[J].岩土力学,2002,23(4):411-416.
[19]黄雨,叶为民,等.上海软土场地的地震反应特征分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):773-778.
[20]刘海笑,王世水.改进的等效线性化计算模型及在结构海床耦合系统动力分析中的应用[J].中国港湾建设,2006,(1):12-15,42.
[21]Yoshida N,Kobayashi S,Suetomi I,et al.Equivalent linear method considering frequency dependent characteristicsof stiffness and damping[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(3):205-222.
[22]姜通,邢海灵.水平土层地震反应分析考虑频率相关性的等效线性化方法[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(2):218-224.
[23]Kausel E,Assimaki D.Seismic simulation of inelastic soils via frequency-dependent moduli and damping[J].Journal of Engineering Mechan-ics,ASCE,2002,128(1):34-46.
[24]Assimaki D,Kausel E.An equivalent linear algorithm with frequency-and pressure-dependent moduli and damping for the seismic analysis ofdeep sites[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,22(9/12):959-965.
[25]张克绪.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989年.
[26]Martin P P,Seed HB.One-dimensional dynamic ground response analyses[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1982,108(7):935-952.
[27]Hadjian A H,Tseng W S.罗东(台湾)土-结构相互作用大比例模型试验的启示(Ⅰ)[J].世界地震工程,1993,9(3):41-52.
[28]齐文浩,薄景山,等.强震记录对三个土层地震反应分析程序的检验[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(5):30-33.
[29]李大华,罗兆珲,等.一维土层非线性地震反应分析的解析递推格式法[J],中国科技论文在线,http://www.paper.edu.cn.
[30]李小军,廖振鹏.土应力应变关系的粘-弹-塑模型[J].地震工程与工程震动,1989,9(3):65-72.
[31]李小军.土的动力本构关系的一种简单的函数表达式[J].岩土工程学报,1992,14(5):90-94.
[32]栾茂田,林皋.场地地震反应一维非线性计算模型[J].工程力学,1992,9(1):94-103.
[33]栾茂田,邵宇.土体地震反应非线性分析方法比较研究[A].第五届全国土动力学学术会议论文集[C],1998.203-209.
[34]吴世明.土动力学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000年.
[35]李小军.粘弹塑性模型及土层地震反应分析[D].哈尔滨:国家地震局工程力学研究所,1987.34-51.
[36]高玉峰,金建新,等.成层地基一维土层地震反应解析解[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(4):498-500.
[37]李小军,彭青,等.设计地震动参数确定中的场地影响考虑[J].世界地震工程,2001,17(4):34-41.
[38]李小军,彭青,等.不同类别场地地震动参数的计算分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(1):29-36。
[39]薄景山,李秀领,等.场地条件对地震动影响研究的若干进展[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(2):11-15.
[40]李媛媛,徐扬.不同类别场地地震震动反应分析[J].山西地震,2005,(4):29-33.
[41]戚承志,钱七虎.核电站抗震研究综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):76-86.
[42]杨伟林,陈国兴.软土地基深开挖对场地设计地震动的影响[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):93-99.
[43]李秀领.土层结构对地表地震动参数影响的研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2003.91-92.
[44]Bardet J P,Ichii Kand Lin C H.EERA-Acomputer program for equivalent-linear earthquake site response analyses[R].Department of CivilEngineering,University of southern California,August 2000.
[45]周克森.一维土层非线性地震反映分析的δ-θ法[J].地震工程与工程震动,1996,16(4):1-14.
[46]林皋,孔宪京.岩土地基防灾区划研究动向[J].国际学术动态,1997,(8):71-74.
[47]Youssef MA,Hashash D P.Non-linear one-dimensional seismic ground motion propagation in the Mississippi embayment[J].EngineeringGeology,2001,62(2):185-206.
[48]Kausel E,Assimaki D.Seismic simulation of inelastic soil via frequency-dependent moduli and damping[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,2002,128(1):34-46.
[49]李小军.非线性土层地震反应分析的一种方法[J].华南地震,1992,12(4):1-8.
[50]陈国兴,谢君斐,等.土体地震反应分析的简化有效应力法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1995,15(2):52-61.
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