地震动的空间变异性对多支承结构的影响
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摘要
导致地震动空间变异性的原因主要在于:几何不相关性效应、行波效应、局部场地条件效应。利用时程分析的方法分析了单跨框架结构和美国LasVegas市区内某24跨立交桥的简化模型,对地震动空间变异性三个主要因素的单独影响、综合影响分别进行了系统分析。结果表明地震动的空间变异性改变了一致激励下结构的动力反应,并且引入了一致激励情况所不存在的拟静力反应,对结构的总反应具有很大的影响。与较激励的情况相比,结构的反应可能增大,也可能减小,这依赖于结构上截面位置、场地条件和所采用的地震动时程样本。
The spatial variation of seismic ground motions is produced primaryly by the three factors of geometric incoherency effect,wave-passage effect, and local site effect. Influence of the spatial variation of the seismic ground motions on the multi-supporting structures is studied systematically by the response history analysis method. The influence of each of the three factors and their combinations on a one-span frame and a 24-span bridge are analyzed respectively. The spatcal variation of the earthquake ground motion can have a dramatic influence on structural response,and produces a pseudo-static response which does not exist in structures subjected to uniform excitation. When the spatial variation of the seismic ground motion is considered the total response of the structures may be larger or smaller than that of uniform excitation,which depend on the position of its section,soil conditions and ground motion samples.
The spatial variation of seismic ground motions is produced primaryly by the three factors of geometric incoherency effect,wave-passage effect, and local site effect. Influence of the spatial variation of the seismic ground motions on the multi-supporting structures is studied systematically by the response history analysis method. The influence of each of the three factors and their combinations on a one-span frame and a 24-span bridge are analyzed respectively. The spatcal variation of the earthquake ground motion can have a dramatic influence on structural response,and produces a pseudo-static response which does not exist in structures subjected to uniform excitation. When the spatial variation of the seismic ground motion is considered the total response of the structures may be larger or smaller than that of uniform excitation,which depend on the position of its section,soil conditions and ground motion samples.
引文
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[2] AbrahamsonNA,BoltBA,DarraghRB,PenzienJ,TsaiYB.TheSMART-1accelerographarray(1980-1987):Areview[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1987,3(2):267-287.
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[19] NazmyA.,Abdel GhaffarA.,Effectofgroundmotionspatialvariabilityontheresponseofcable stayedbridges[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1992,21(1).1-20.
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[21] PerottiF.Structuralresponsetonon stationarymultiple supportrandomexcitation[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1990,19(4):513-527.
[22] PriceT,EberhardM.Effectsofspatiallyvaryinggroundmotionsonshortbridges[J].J.StructuralEngineering,1998,124(8):948-955.
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[26] YangQ,JiangH.Generationofgroundmotionnon stationarybothintimeandfrequencydomainsbasedonphasedifferencespectrum[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandEngineeringVibration,2001,21(3),10-16.
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[28] ZervaA.Responseo
[2] AbrahamsonNA,BoltBA,DarraghRB,PenzienJ,TsaiYB.TheSMART-1accelerographarray(1980-1987):Areview[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1987,3(2):267-287.
[3] BanerjiP,MurudiM,ShahA,PopplewellN.Tunedliquiddampersforcontrollingearthquakeresponseofstructures[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,2000,29(5):587-602.
[4] BehnamfarF,SugimuraY.DynamicResponseofadjacentstructuresunderspatiallyvariableseismic[J].ProbabilisticEngineeringMechanics,1999,14(1-2):33-44.
[5] BeresnevIA,WenL,YehYT.Source,pathandsiteeffectsondominantfrequencyandspatialvariationofstronggroundmotionrecordedBySMART1AndSMART2arraysinTaiwan[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1994,23(6):583-597.
[6] BogdanoffJL,GoldbergJE,Schiff.Theeffectofgroundtransmissiontimeontheresponseoflongstructures[J].BullSeismSocAm,1965,55(3):627～640.
[7] CloughR,PenzienJ.Dynamicsofstructures[M].McGraw Hill,NewYork,N.Y.,1975.
[8] DerKiureghianA.Acoherencymodelforspatiallyvaryinggroundmotions[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1996,25(1):99-111.
[9] EttouneyM,HapijA,GajerR.Frequencydomainanalysisoflong spanbridgessubjectedtononuniformseismicmotions[J].J.OfBridgeEngineering,2001,6(6):577-586.
[10] HaoH.Effectsofspatialvariationofgroundmotionsonlargemultiply supportedstructures[R].UniversityOfCalifornia,Berkeley,UCB/EERC-89/06.
[11] HaoH.Responseoftwo wayeccentricbuildingtononuniformbaseexcitations[J].EngineeringStructures,1998,20(8):677-684.
[12] HaoH.,ZhangS.,Spatialgroundmotioneffectonrelativedisplacementofadjacentbuildingstructures'[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1999,28(4):333-349.
[13] HarichandranRS,HawwariA,SweidenBN.Responseoflong spanbridgestospatiallyvaryinggroundmotion[J].J.ofStructuralEngineering,1996,122(5):476-484.
[14] GriffinG,SaiidiM,MaragakisE.Nonlinearseismicresponseanalysisofisolatedbridgeswithmultiplecolumns[R].ReportNo.CCEER-95-6,EngineeringResearchanddevelopmentcenter,UniversityofNevada,Reno.
[15] SunI,GolesorkhiR,SeedHB.Dynamicmodulianddampingratiosforcohesivesoils[R].ReportNo.UCB/EERC-88/15,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.
[16] KahanM,GibertR,BardP.Influenceofseismicwavesspatialvariabilityonbridges:Asensitivityanalysis[J].EarthquakeEngineering＆StructuralDynamic.1996,25(4):795-814.
[17] LucoJE,WongLH.Responseofarigidfoundationtoaspatiallyrandomgroundmotion[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1986,14(6):891-908.
[18] MontiG,NutiC,PintoP.Nonlinearresponseofbridgesundermulti supportexcitation[J].J.StructuralEngineering,1996,122(10):1147-1159.
[19] NazmyA.,Abdel GhaffarA.,Effectofgroundmotionspatialvariabilityontheresponseofcable stayedbridges[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1992,21(1).1-20.
[20] OhsakiY.Ontheiginificanceofphasecontentinearthquakegroundmotion[J].EarthquakeEngineering＆StructuralDynamics,7(5):427-439(1979).
[21] PerottiF.Structuralresponsetonon stationarymultiple supportrandomexcitation[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1990,19(4):513-527.
[22] PriceT,EberhardM.Effectsofspatiallyvaryinggroundmotionsonshortbridges[J].J.StructuralEngineering,1998,124(8):948-955.
[23] ShrikhandeM,GuptaV.Dynamicsoil structureinteractioneffectsontheseismicresponseofsuspensionbridges[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandStructuralDynamics,1999,28(11):1383-1403.
[24] WilsonE.Threedimensionalstaticanddynamicanalysisofstructures[R].Apublicationofcomputerandstructures.Inc.,April,2000.
[25] YangQ,ChenY.Apracticalcoherencymodelforspatiallyvaryinggroundmotions[J].StructuralEngineeringandMechanics,2000,9(2):141-152.
[26] YangQ,JiangH.Generationofgroundmotionnon stationarybothintimeandfrequencydomainsbasedonphasedifferencespectrum[J].EarthquakeEngineeringandEngineeringVibration,2001,21(3),10-16.
[27] YangQ,SaiidiM,WangH,ItaniA.Influencesofearthquakegroundmotionincoherencyonmulti supportstructures[R].ReportNo.CCEER-02-2,CenterforCivilEngineeringEarthquakeResearch,DepartmentofCivilEngineering,UniversityofNevada,2002.
[28] ZervaA.Responseo
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