地震作用下建筑结构的分散控制研究
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摘要
对地震作用下建筑结构的振动控制方法进行研究,指出传统的集中控制策略在高层结构控制器设计中的局限性,阐述采用分散控制策略进行控制器设计的必要性及适用性。基于经典最优控制算法原理,导出两种分散控制算法——分散次优控制(Decentralized Sub-Optimal Control,DSOC)算法及分散经典最优控制(Decentralized Classic Optimal Control,DCOC)算法。引入多市场概念,提出基于多市场机制的控制(Multi-Market Based Control,MMBC)算法并应用于高层结构分散控制中。对一高层受控结构进行数值计算与分析,结果表明采用分散控制策略与集中控制策略一样能有效地抑制结构振动反应,相对于集中控制的单一失效分散控制使系统的可靠性更强;显示MMBC算法较DSOC与DCOC算法具有参数选取简便、控制效果显著等优点,能较好地适用于高层结构分散控制器设计。
Methods for control of structural vibrations is studied. The limitation of the application of traditional centralized control strategy in controller design of high-rise structures is pointed out, and the necessity and applicability of decentralized control strategy for controller design is expounded. Two decentralized algorithms, decentralized sub-optimal control(DSOC)algorithm and decentralized classic optimal control(DCOC)algorithm, have been derived from the principles of classic optimal control algorithm. By introducing the multi-market concept into the Market-Based Control(MBC)theory, an algorithm named Multi-Market Base Control (MMBC) has been presented for the decentralized control of structural vibrations. A 20-storey structure is used for comparing the performance of the two control strategies. The results indicate that the decentralized control strategy could effectively mitigate structural vibration as well as the traditional centralized control strategy but is superior in enhancing the reliability of the control system. It is also shown that, compared with DSOC and DCOC algorithm, the proposed MMBC algorithm is more suitable for the decentralized controller design of high-rise buildings, thanks to its simpler parameter selection and better control effect.
Methods for control of structural vibrations is studied. The limitation of the application of traditional centralized control strategy in controller design of high-rise structures is pointed out, and the necessity and applicability of decentralized control strategy for controller design is expounded. Two decentralized algorithms, decentralized sub-optimal control(DSOC)algorithm and decentralized classic optimal control(DCOC)algorithm, have been derived from the principles of classic optimal control algorithm. By introducing the multi-market concept into the Market-Based Control(MBC)theory, an algorithm named Multi-Market Base Control (MMBC) has been presented for the decentralized control of structural vibrations. A 20-storey structure is used for comparing the performance of the two control strategies. The results indicate that the decentralized control strategy could effectively mitigate structural vibration as well as the traditional centralized control strategy but is superior in enhancing the reliability of the control system. It is also shown that, compared with DSOC and DCOC algorithm, the proposed MMBC algorithm is more suitable for the decentralized controller design of high-rise buildings, thanks to its simpler parameter selection and better control effect.
引文
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[17]Lynch J P,Law K H.Market-based control of linear structural systems[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31(10):1855-1877
[18]霍林生,李宏男.基于市场机制的TLCD半主动控制方案[J].应用力学学报,2005,22(1):71-75(Huo Linsheng,Li Hongnan.Control law for market-based semi-active Tuned Liquid Column Dampers[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2005,22(1):71-75(in Chinese))
[19]Lynch J P,Law K H.A market-based control solution for semi-active structural control[C]//Proceedings of the8th International Conference:Computing in Civil and BuildingEngineering,Aug14-16,2000,Stanford.Reston:American Society of Civil Engineers,2000
[2]欧进萍.结构振动控制:主动、半主动和智能控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2003
[3]Kurata N,Kobori T,Takahashi M,et al.Actual seismic response controlled building with semi-active damper system[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28(11):1427-1447
[4]Kurata N,Kobori T,Koshika N.Performance-based design with semi-active structural control technique[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31(22):445-458
[5]涂序彦.关于大系统理论的几个问题[J].自动化学报,1979,5(3):232-244(Tu Xuyan.Some problems for large scale systems theory[J].Acta Automatica Sinica,1979,5(3):232-244(in Chinese))
[6]达庆利,何建敏.大系统理论和方法[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1989
[7]王翼,张朝池.大系统控制:方法和技术[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1993
[8]Jr Sandell N,Varaiya P,Athans M,et al.Survey of decentralized control methods for large scale systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control,1978,23(2):108-128
[9]Geromel J C,Bernusson J.Optimal decentralized control of dynamic systems[J].Automatica,1982,18(5):545-557
[10]Gong Z,Aldeen M.Stabilization of decentralized control systems[J].Journal of Mathematical Systems,Estimation,and Control,1997,7(1):1-16
[11]Seo J H,Jo C H,Lee S H.Decentralized H∞-controller design[J].Automatica,1999,35(5):865-876
[12]Has hemian H,Boussalis H,Wei Z.A decentralized approach to control civil structures[C]//Proceedings of the American Control Conference,June21-23,1995,The Westin Hotel,Seattle,Washington.Dayton:American Automatic Control Council,1995:2936-2937
[13]Lynch J P,Law K H.Decentralized control techniques for large-scale civil structural systems[C]//Proceedings of the20th International Modal Analysis Conference,February4-7,2002,Los Angeles.Bellingham:Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers,2002
[14]Zhou Qingsheng,Duan Zhongdong.Study of hierarchical decentralized vibration control of structures[C]//Smart Structures and Materials2006:Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil,Mechanical,and Aerospace Systems.Bellingham:SPIE,2006,6174:199-205
[15]Ogata K.离散时间控制系统[M].陈杰,蔡涛,张娟,等译.第2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2006(Ogata K.Discrete-Time Control Systems[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Machine Press,2006(in Chinese))
[16]李宏男,李学涛,霍林生.基于市场机制结构控制策略的研究和应用进展[J].世界地震工程,2005,21(4):1-9(Li Hongnan,Li Xuetao,Huo Linsheng.State-of-art of structural control research of market-based control[J].World Information on Earthquake Engineering,2005,21(4):1-9(in Chinese))
[17]Lynch J P,Law K H.Market-based control of linear structural systems[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2002,31(10):1855-1877
[18]霍林生,李宏男.基于市场机制的TLCD半主动控制方案[J].应用力学学报,2005,22(1):71-75(Huo Linsheng,Li Hongnan.Control law for market-based semi-active Tuned Liquid Column Dampers[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2005,22(1):71-75(in Chinese))
[19]Lynch J P,Law K H.A market-based control solution for semi-active structural control[C]//Proceedings of the8th International Conference:Computing in Civil and BuildingEngineering,Aug14-16,2000,Stanford.Reston:American Society of Civil Engineers,2000
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