基于微地震监测的覆岩多层空间结构倾向支承压力研究
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摘要
随着开采深度的不断增加,矿山动力灾害日趋严重,采场周围岩(煤)体变形失稳是顶底板突水、煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压(岩爆)等矿山动力灾害发生的根本原因,而岩层运动范围扩展后深部采场的采动应力场分布规律研究是解决上述问题的理论基础。将采场上方直至地表的岩层视为采场上方的覆岩空间结构,基于微地震监测结果,针对倾斜煤层,圈定采场覆岩多层空间结构的范围,研究覆岩空间结构岩层运动发展规律,并建立覆岩空间结构下的采场倾向支承压力计算模型。利用力学方法,针对倾斜煤层研究倾向支承压力的动态分布规律和计算方法,得到了倾向支承压力的计算公式;利用上述计算方法,研究了华丰矿1410工作面倾向支承压力分布规律,并与现场1410工作面微地震监测结果所揭示的倾向支承压力分布进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,上述方法适用于深部采场岩层运动范围扩展后的、倾斜煤层倾向支承压力的定量化估算和预测。
As the mining depth increases,many hazards related to the deep overburden collapse such as pressure bump,coal and gas burst will appear,which are caused by the movement of overlying strata. A study of the abutment pressure rule of overlying strata spatial structures is the theoretical basis of controlling the hazards. In this paper,the overlying strata from longwall face to the Earth′s face as multilayer spatial structures are considered. Based on microseismic monitoring,the movement rules of multilayer spatial structures are studied and the computing models of abutment pressure are set up. The rule of abutment pressure is also analyzed and the computation formulae are gained by using the elasticity theory. The computation results are compared with the results of field microseismic monitoring. Field experiments in Huafeng coal mine show clearly that this method is useful for the prediction of abutment pressure and can provide accurate theoretical basis for controlling the mining hazards caused by the movement of overlying strata.
As the mining depth increases,many hazards related to the deep overburden collapse such as pressure bump,coal and gas burst will appear,which are caused by the movement of overlying strata. A study of the abutment pressure rule of overlying strata spatial structures is the theoretical basis of controlling the hazards. In this paper,the overlying strata from longwall face to the Earth′s face as multilayer spatial structures are considered. Based on microseismic monitoring,the movement rules of multilayer spatial structures are studied and the computing models of abutment pressure are set up. The rule of abutment pressure is also analyzed and the computation formulae are gained by using the elasticity theory. The computation results are compared with the results of field microseismic monitoring. Field experiments in Huafeng coal mine show clearly that this method is useful for the prediction of abutment pressure and can provide accurate theoretical basis for controlling the mining hazards caused by the movement of overlying strata.
引文
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[11]成云海,姜福兴,程九龙,等.关键层运动诱发矿震的微震探测初步研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):273–275.(CHENG Yunhai,JIANG Fuxing,CHENG Jiulong,et al.Primary study on microseismic locating and monitoring technology of shock bump caused by key stratum movement[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):273–275.(in Chinese))
[12]姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1511–1516.(JIANG Fuxing,YANG Suhua,CHENG Yunhai.A study on microseismic monitoring of rock burst in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1511–1516.(in Chinese))
[13]徐秉业.弹性与塑性力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1981:147–153.(XU Bingye.Elastic and plastic mechanics[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1981:147–153.(in Chinese))
[2]钱鸣高,缪协兴,许家林,等.岩层控制的关键层理论[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000:30–86.(QIAN Minggao,MIAO Xiexing,XU Jialin,et al.Theory of key stratum in ground control[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2000:30–86.(in Chinese))
[3]宋振骐,卢国志,夏洪春.一种计算采场支承压力分布的新算法[J].山东科技大学学报,2006,25(3):1–4.(SONG Zhenqi,LU Guozhi,XIA Hongchun.A new algorithm for calculating the distribution of face abutment pressure[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology,2006,25(3):1–4.(in Chinese))
[4]姜福兴.采场顶板控制设计及其专家系统[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1995:205–213.(JIANG Fuxing.Design of roof control and its specialist system[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,1995:205–213.(in Chinese))
[5]浦海,缪协兴.采动覆岩中关键层运动对围岩支承压力分布的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(增2):2366–2369.(PU Hai,MIAO Xiexing.Effect of key strata movement on mining-induced overlying strata on the abutment pressure distribution in surrounding rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(Supp.2):2366–2369.(in Chinese))
[6]谢广祥,杨科,刘全明.综放面倾向煤柱支承压力分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(3):545–549.(XIE Guangxiang,YANG Ke,LIU Quanming.Study on distribution laws of stress in inclined coal pillar for fully-mechanized top-coal caving face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(3):545–549.(in Chinese))
[7]姜福兴,马其华.深部长壁工作面动态支承压力极值点的求解[J].煤炭学报,2002:27(3):273–275.(JIANG Fuxing,MA Qihua.Mechanical solution of the maximum point of dynamic abutment pressure under deep long-wall working face[J].Journal of China CoalSociety,2002,27(3):273–275.(in Chinese))
[8]李洪,代进.支承压力的弹性基础梁解算初探[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2005,22(2):4–6.(LI Hong,DAI Jin.Primary analysis of abutment based on the elastic beam[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2005,22(2):4–6.(in Chinese))
[9]姜福兴,张兴民,杨淑华,等.长壁采场覆岩空间结构探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(5):979–984.(JIANG Fuxing,ZHANG Xingmin,YANG Shuhua,et al.Research on overlying strata spatial structures of long wall in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(5):979–984.(in Chinese))
[10]成云海,姜福兴,张兴民,等.微震监测揭示的“C”型采场空间结构及应力场[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):102–107.(CHENG Yunhai,JIANG Fuxing,ZHANG Xingmin,et al.C-shaped strata spatial structure and stress field in long wall face monitored by microseismic monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):102–107.(in Chinese))
[11]成云海,姜福兴,程九龙,等.关键层运动诱发矿震的微震探测初步研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):273–275.(CHENG Yunhai,JIANG Fuxing,CHENG Jiulong,et al.Primary study on microseismic locating and monitoring technology of shock bump caused by key stratum movement[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):273–275.(in Chinese))
[12]姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1511–1516.(JIANG Fuxing,YANG Suhua,CHENG Yunhai.A study on microseismic monitoring of rock burst in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1511–1516.(in Chinese))
[13]徐秉业.弹性与塑性力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1981:147–153.(XU Bingye.Elastic and plastic mechanics[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,1981:147–153.(in Chinese))
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