汶川地震灾区无人机遥感影像获取与可视化管理系统研究
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摘要
介绍无人机遥感影像获取、纠正、配准及可视化管理的关键技术与系统研发。论文设计无人机影像获取及三维可视化管理系统的框架结构,包括航迹规划、无人机影像获取、影像预处理及三维可视化4个子系统;讨论了基于高分辨率遥感影像的无人机影像配准、无人机影像的空间索引管理、基于四叉树的影像金字塔及细节层次模型等关键技术。基于自主研发的虚拟地理环境数字地球平台(VGE-3DG lobeEarth),构建了汶川地震应急三维可视化遥感影像管理系统,在"5.12"汶川地震的救援与次生灾害应急中进行了实践应用。同时该系统可继续服务于汶川地震灾后重建的信息共享管理、发布以及空间决策支持。
The aerial remote sensing(RS) by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV),which is flexible and quick,showed great benefits in data collection for the area impacted by 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake.A framework of 3D visualization management system for UAV remote sensing image has been developed.There are four parts in this 3D visualization system: flight tracking design system,remote sensing image acquiring system,image processing system,and 3D visualization management system.The flight tracking system provides the tools to design flight path for UAV in a 3-D visualization environments.The flight path design can be loaded into the UAV flight path control system to control the UAV direction,speed,and so on.The remote sensing image acquiring system is to acquire remote sensing images by controlling the attitudes and camera actions of the aerial vehicles.The image processing system includes the functions of image distortion correction and registration.The 3D management system handles the management and 3D visualization of UAV images.The key technologies regarding the system are discussed.The high-resolution remote sensing images are used as base images,and the geometric correction and Gray-Scale transform methods are employed to change original UAV remote sensing images to new ones in geographic coordinate system.UAV remote sensing images are managed by spatial index in 3D visualization environment which has multi-scale remote sensing images from different satellites.The paper establishes the quadtree pyramid and LOD model for managing large volume remote sensing data,which can provide more fluent visualization when users navigate in the 3D virtual environment.A 3D visualization management system for UAV remote sensing images has been implemented based on the VGE-3DGlobeEarth platform.From the experimental results,the system works well when it manages and visualizes the UAV remote sensing images in the areas impacted by 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake.With regard to the roles of UAV remote sensing in the 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake rescue,it is argued that UAV remote sensing images acquiring and visualization management system can be a very important supporting tool for quick response of emergent events such as floods,earthquakes,forest fires,and environmental pollution earthquakes.
The aerial remote sensing(RS) by unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV),which is flexible and quick,showed great benefits in data collection for the area impacted by 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake.A framework of 3D visualization management system for UAV remote sensing image has been developed.There are four parts in this 3D visualization system: flight tracking design system,remote sensing image acquiring system,image processing system,and 3D visualization management system.The flight tracking system provides the tools to design flight path for UAV in a 3-D visualization environments.The flight path design can be loaded into the UAV flight path control system to control the UAV direction,speed,and so on.The remote sensing image acquiring system is to acquire remote sensing images by controlling the attitudes and camera actions of the aerial vehicles.The image processing system includes the functions of image distortion correction and registration.The 3D management system handles the management and 3D visualization of UAV images.The key technologies regarding the system are discussed.The high-resolution remote sensing images are used as base images,and the geometric correction and Gray-Scale transform methods are employed to change original UAV remote sensing images to new ones in geographic coordinate system.UAV remote sensing images are managed by spatial index in 3D visualization environment which has multi-scale remote sensing images from different satellites.The paper establishes the quadtree pyramid and LOD model for managing large volume remote sensing data,which can provide more fluent visualization when users navigate in the 3D virtual environment.A 3D visualization management system for UAV remote sensing images has been implemented based on the VGE-3DGlobeEarth platform.From the experimental results,the system works well when it manages and visualizes the UAV remote sensing images in the areas impacted by 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake.With regard to the roles of UAV remote sensing in the 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake rescue,it is argued that UAV remote sensing images acquiring and visualization management system can be a very important supporting tool for quick response of emergent events such as floods,earthquakes,forest fires,and environmental pollution earthquakes.
引文
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[7]Chinese Academy of Sciences Dive Technology into Earthquake-stricken Area[N].Science Times,2008-05-18,http://www.sciencenet.cn/dz/dznews_photo.aspx?id=3381.[中国科学院调动力量投入科技救灾[N].科学时报,2008-05-18,http://www.sciencenet.cn/dz/dznews_photo.aspx?id=3381.]
[8]Institute of Remote Sensing Applications.First Batch of RemoteSensing Image Has Been Acquired by the UVA of CAS[R].2008-05-15,http://www.irsa.ac.cn/cn/info/browse.jsp?id=1111&column=442.[中国科学院遥感应用研究所,中国科学院三架无人飞机已获取第一批灾区遥感监测数据[K].2008-05-15,http://www.irsa.ac.cn/cn/info/browse.jsp?id=1111&column=442.]
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[10]Gong J H,Li W H,Zhou J P,et al.Design and Application ofVirtual Geographic Studio[A].The Exploration about the Frameof Modern Science and Technology.Xiangshan Science Confer-ences of No.324,Beijing(Xiangshan)[C].2008.[龚建华,李文航,周洁萍等.虚拟地理研讨厅设计与应用[A].香山科学会议第324次学术讨论会“现代科学技术体系总体框架的探索”[C].北京,香山,2008.]
[11]Cui HX,Sun J,Lin Z J.The Auto-Control System of RemoteSensing Devices for Unmanned Air Vehicle[J].Science ofSur-veying and Mapping,2004,29(1):45—47.[崔红霞,孙杰,林宗坚.无人机遥感设备的自动化控制系统[J].测绘科学,2004,29(1):45—47.]
[2]Lu S Q,Yan L,Zhang B,et al.The Integration and Flight Ex-periment of UAVRemote Sensing System[J].Science ofSurvey-ing and Mapping,2007,32(1):84—86.[吕书强,晏磊,张兵等.无人机遥感系统的集成与飞行试验研究[J].测绘科学,2007,32(1):84—86.]
[3]Yan L,Lu S Q,Zhao HY,et al.Research on Key Techniquesof Aerial Remote Sensing system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles[J].Engineering Journal ofWuhan University,2004,37(6):67—70.[晏磊,吕书强,赵红颖等.无人机航空遥感系统关键技术研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2004,37(6):67—70.]
[4]Cui HX,Lin Z J,Sun J.Research on UAV Remote SensingSystem[J].Bulletin ofSurveying and Mapping,2005,(5):11—14.[崔红霞,林宗坚,孙杰.无人机遥感监测系统研究[J].测绘通报,2005,(5):11—14.]
[5]Sun J,Lin Z J,Cui H X.UAV Remote Sensing System[J].Remote Sensing Information,2003,(1):49—50,27.[孙杰,林宗坚,崔红霞.无人机低空遥感监测系统[J].遥感信息,2003,(1):49—50,27.]
[6]Ma R S,Sun H,Lin Z G,et al.Geometric Correction and Reg-istration of Optical Remote Sensing Image from Miniature Un-manned Aerial Vehicle[J].Journal ofNanjing Institute ofMete-orology,2005,(10):634—639.马瑞升,孙涵,林宗桂等.微型无人机遥感影像的纠偏与定位[J].南京气象学院学报,2005,(10):634—639.
[7]Chinese Academy of Sciences Dive Technology into Earthquake-stricken Area[N].Science Times,2008-05-18,http://www.sciencenet.cn/dz/dznews_photo.aspx?id=3381.[中国科学院调动力量投入科技救灾[N].科学时报,2008-05-18,http://www.sciencenet.cn/dz/dznews_photo.aspx?id=3381.]
[8]Institute of Remote Sensing Applications.First Batch of RemoteSensing Image Has Been Acquired by the UVA of CAS[R].2008-05-15,http://www.irsa.ac.cn/cn/info/browse.jsp?id=1111&column=442.[中国科学院遥感应用研究所,中国科学院三架无人飞机已获取第一批灾区遥感监测数据[K].2008-05-15,http://www.irsa.ac.cn/cn/info/browse.jsp?id=1111&column=442.]
[9]Virtual Geographic Environment Wenchuan Earthquake[K].2008-05-15,http://www.vgelab.org/512.htm[虚拟地理环境:汶川地震[K].2008-05-15,http://www.vgelab.org/512.htm.]
[10]Gong J H,Li W H,Zhou J P,et al.Design and Application ofVirtual Geographic Studio[A].The Exploration about the Frameof Modern Science and Technology.Xiangshan Science Confer-ences of No.324,Beijing(Xiangshan)[C].2008.[龚建华,李文航,周洁萍等.虚拟地理研讨厅设计与应用[A].香山科学会议第324次学术讨论会“现代科学技术体系总体框架的探索”[C].北京,香山,2008.]
[11]Cui HX,Sun J,Lin Z J.The Auto-Control System of RemoteSensing Devices for Unmanned Air Vehicle[J].Science ofSur-veying and Mapping,2004,29(1):45—47.[崔红霞,孙杰,林宗坚.无人机遥感设备的自动化控制系统[J].测绘科学,2004,29(1):45—47.]
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