地震时的西安市供水系统功能失效模式分析
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摘要
"5·12"汶川大地震后,城市供水系统在震时的功能失效状况及震后的应急保障成为社会关注的焦点问题.西安市地处汾渭地震带,地震灾害发生的可能性较大,对震时西安市供水系统可能出现的本源失效模式、工艺失效模式、分散失效模式、用户失效模式及混合失效模式等5种系统功能失效模式进行了分析,通过分析表明除混合失效模式外,通过挖掘现有供水能力可基本解决居民最低生活用水问题,不会引起大的社会恐慌;同时针对西安市供水系统灾后可能面临的生物污染、重金属污染、有机类污染等污染情景,提出了相应的应急处理方法.
After the earthquake occurred in Wenchuan on May 12,emergency measures and restoration capabilities of water supply systems become the focus.Located in the Fen-Wei Seismic Belt,Xi′an is potentially a place where earthquakes are likely to take place.Based on the study of the water supply system of Xi′an,the five failure modes of Xi′an water supply system are analyzed:origin failure mode,process failure mode,dispersion failure mode,customers′ failure mode and mixed failure mode.By the analysis it is found that the supply can meet the basic need of urban residents by exploiting potentialities and it will not cause social panic.And according to many pollution situations,such as heavy metal pollution,biological pollution,organic pollution and so on,several emergency plans and restoration measures are proposed for the management and emergency treatment of water supply systems.
After the earthquake occurred in Wenchuan on May 12,emergency measures and restoration capabilities of water supply systems become the focus.Located in the Fen-Wei Seismic Belt,Xi′an is potentially a place where earthquakes are likely to take place.Based on the study of the water supply system of Xi′an,the five failure modes of Xi′an water supply system are analyzed:origin failure mode,process failure mode,dispersion failure mode,customers′ failure mode and mixed failure mode.By the analysis it is found that the supply can meet the basic need of urban residents by exploiting potentialities and it will not cause social panic.And according to many pollution situations,such as heavy metal pollution,biological pollution,organic pollution and so on,several emergency plans and restoration measures are proposed for the management and emergency treatment of water supply systems.
引文
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[3]李桂荣,郭恩栋,杨克勇.西安阎良供水系统地震功能失效状态分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(6):130-134.LI Gui-rong,GUO En-dong,YANG Ke-yong.Seismic performance analysis of Yanliang water supply systemin Xi′an City[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(6):130-134.
[4]马广超.西安地裂缝对地下排水管道的破坏及防治[J].灾害学,2005,20(3):108-111.MA Guang-chao.The Damages to Underground Drainage Pipelines Caused by Ground Fissures in Xi′an[J].Journalof Catastrophology,2005,20(3):108-111.
[5]武海霞,黄廷林,陈千皎,等.二氧化氯灭活供水系统中摇蚊幼虫的实验研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,38(1):42-46.WU Hai-xia,HUANG Ting-lin,CHEN Qian-jiao,et al.Inactivation effect on Chironomid larvae by chlorine dioxide[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2006,38(1):42-46.
[6]沈渊玮,陆善忠.活性炭在水处理中的应用[J].工业水处理,2007,27(4):13-16.SHEN Yuan-wei,LU Shan-zhong.Application of active carbon to water treat ment[J].Industrial Water Treat ment,2007,27(4):13-16.
[7]傅金祥,王锋,李敬宝,等.应急处理苯胺污染水源水的粉末活性炭吸附工艺的研究[J].环境污染与防治,2007,29(8):689-693.FUJin-xiang,WANG Feng,LI Jing-bao,et al.Powdered activated carbon adsorptionfor emergency treat ment of ani-line contamination[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2007,29(8):689-693.
[8]刘成,高乃云,蔡云龙.不同消毒剂对饮用水生物稳定性的影响[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,39(2):254-258.LI U Cheng,GAO Nai-yun,CAI Yun-lon.Influence of the disinfectants on the biological stability of the drinking wa-ter[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2007,39(2):254-258.
[9]刘成,高乃云,黄廷林.混凝工艺对细菌杀灭作用及对有机物的去除研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,38(3):438-441.LI U Cheng,GAO Nai-yun,HUANG Ting-lin.Study on the bacteria s killing effect and organisn lemoval in the co-agulation process[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2006,38(3):438-441.
[2]韩阳.城市地下管网系统的地震可靠性研究[M].大连:大连理工大学出版社,2002.HAN Yang.Study on Seismic Reliability of Urban Buried Pipeline Network Systems[M].Dalian:Dalian Universi-ty of Technology Press,2002.
[3]李桂荣,郭恩栋,杨克勇.西安阎良供水系统地震功能失效状态分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(6):130-134.LI Gui-rong,GUO En-dong,YANG Ke-yong.Seismic performance analysis of Yanliang water supply systemin Xi′an City[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(6):130-134.
[4]马广超.西安地裂缝对地下排水管道的破坏及防治[J].灾害学,2005,20(3):108-111.MA Guang-chao.The Damages to Underground Drainage Pipelines Caused by Ground Fissures in Xi′an[J].Journalof Catastrophology,2005,20(3):108-111.
[5]武海霞,黄廷林,陈千皎,等.二氧化氯灭活供水系统中摇蚊幼虫的实验研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,38(1):42-46.WU Hai-xia,HUANG Ting-lin,CHEN Qian-jiao,et al.Inactivation effect on Chironomid larvae by chlorine dioxide[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2006,38(1):42-46.
[6]沈渊玮,陆善忠.活性炭在水处理中的应用[J].工业水处理,2007,27(4):13-16.SHEN Yuan-wei,LU Shan-zhong.Application of active carbon to water treat ment[J].Industrial Water Treat ment,2007,27(4):13-16.
[7]傅金祥,王锋,李敬宝,等.应急处理苯胺污染水源水的粉末活性炭吸附工艺的研究[J].环境污染与防治,2007,29(8):689-693.FUJin-xiang,WANG Feng,LI Jing-bao,et al.Powdered activated carbon adsorptionfor emergency treat ment of ani-line contamination[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2007,29(8):689-693.
[8]刘成,高乃云,蔡云龙.不同消毒剂对饮用水生物稳定性的影响[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2007,39(2):254-258.LI U Cheng,GAO Nai-yun,CAI Yun-lon.Influence of the disinfectants on the biological stability of the drinking wa-ter[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2007,39(2):254-258.
[9]刘成,高乃云,黄廷林.混凝工艺对细菌杀灭作用及对有机物的去除研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,38(3):438-441.LI U Cheng,GAO Nai-yun,HUANG Ting-lin.Study on the bacteria s killing effect and organisn lemoval in the co-agulation process[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2006,38(3):438-441.
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