基于性能的重力坝-地基系统地震易损性分析
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摘要
地震易损性分析是地震风险研究中的三个(地震危险性分析、地震易损性分析和地震灾害损失评估)主要方面之一,可以预测大坝-地基系统在不同等级地震荷载作用下发生各级破损的概率。采用拉丁超立方抽样法得到抽样组合样本,对重力坝-地基系统进行了非线性有限元计算,根据坝体-地基系统地震破损等级指标,给出了坝体破损、坝基交界面屈服和地震滑动的地震易损性曲线,提出了坝体-坝基系统整体的易损性评价方法,对坝体-地基系统的抗震设计、加固和维修决策提供了一个新的评价方法。
Seismic fragility analysis is one of the three issues (seismic hazard analysis, seismic fragility analysis and seismic loss assessment) in seismic risk analysis. It describes the probabilities of structural damage caused by earthquakes with different probabilities of exceedance. In the paper, non-linear finite element analysis is performed to structural samples whose mechanical variables are sampled by Latin hypercube sampling technique. Based on seismic damage index of dam-foundation system, fragility curves of dam monolith and slippage at the interface between dam and foundation are obtained, as well as the fragilities of the entire dam-foundation system. The above analysis is helpful to seismic design, retrofit and upgrading of dam-foundation systems.
Seismic fragility analysis is one of the three issues (seismic hazard analysis, seismic fragility analysis and seismic loss assessment) in seismic risk analysis. It describes the probabilities of structural damage caused by earthquakes with different probabilities of exceedance. In the paper, non-linear finite element analysis is performed to structural samples whose mechanical variables are sampled by Latin hypercube sampling technique. Based on seismic damage index of dam-foundation system, fragility curves of dam monolith and slippage at the interface between dam and foundation are obtained, as well as the fragilities of the entire dam-foundation system. The above analysis is helpful to seismic design, retrofit and upgrading of dam-foundation systems.
引文
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[3]Kennedy R P,Ravindra M K.Seismic fragilities for nuclear power plant risk studies[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,1984,79(1):47―68.
[4]Tekie P B,Ellingwood B R.Seismic fragility assessment of concrete gravity dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2003,32(14):2221―2240.
[5]Ellingwood B R,Tekie P B.Fragility analysis of concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Infrastructure Systems,2001,7(2):41―48.
[6]Manolis Papadrakakis,Vissarion Papadopoulos.Vulnerability analysis of large concrete dams using thecontinuum strong discontinuity approach[J].Structural Safety,2007,29(1):1―19.
[7]沈怀至,张楚汉,寇立夯.基于功能的混凝土重力坝地震破坏评价模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,47(12):29―32.Shen Haizhi,Zhang Chuhan,Kou Lihang.Performance-based seismic damage assessment model of concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2007,47(12):29―32.(in Chinese)
[8]Mohsen A I,Mahmoud A I.Reliability and scale effect in toughness of concrete structures[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,2002,17(2):191―200.
[9]McKay M D,Beckman R J,Conover W J.A comparison of three methods for selecting values of input variables in the analysis of output from a computer code[J].Technometrics,1979,21(2):239―245.
[10]Huntington D E,Lyrintzis.Improvements to limitations of Latin hypercube sampling[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,1998(4):245―253.
[11]Helton J C,Davis F J.Latin hypercube sampling and propagation of uncertainty in analyses of complex systems[J].Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2003,81:23―69.
[12]Karim K R,Fumio Yamazaki.Effect of earthquake ground motions on fragility curves of highway bridge piers based on numerical simulation[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2001,30:1839―1856.
[13]Lee J,Fenves G L.A plastic-damage concrete model for earthquake analysis of dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27:937―956.
[2]Kennedy R P.Seismic fragilities for nuclear power plant risk studies[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,1980,59(2):315―338.
[3]Kennedy R P,Ravindra M K.Seismic fragilities for nuclear power plant risk studies[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design,1984,79(1):47―68.
[4]Tekie P B,Ellingwood B R.Seismic fragility assessment of concrete gravity dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2003,32(14):2221―2240.
[5]Ellingwood B R,Tekie P B.Fragility analysis of concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Infrastructure Systems,2001,7(2):41―48.
[6]Manolis Papadrakakis,Vissarion Papadopoulos.Vulnerability analysis of large concrete dams using thecontinuum strong discontinuity approach[J].Structural Safety,2007,29(1):1―19.
[7]沈怀至,张楚汉,寇立夯.基于功能的混凝土重力坝地震破坏评价模型[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2007,47(12):29―32.Shen Haizhi,Zhang Chuhan,Kou Lihang.Performance-based seismic damage assessment model of concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2007,47(12):29―32.(in Chinese)
[8]Mohsen A I,Mahmoud A I.Reliability and scale effect in toughness of concrete structures[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,2002,17(2):191―200.
[9]McKay M D,Beckman R J,Conover W J.A comparison of three methods for selecting values of input variables in the analysis of output from a computer code[J].Technometrics,1979,21(2):239―245.
[10]Huntington D E,Lyrintzis.Improvements to limitations of Latin hypercube sampling[J].Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,1998(4):245―253.
[11]Helton J C,Davis F J.Latin hypercube sampling and propagation of uncertainty in analyses of complex systems[J].Reliability Engineering and System Safety,2003,81:23―69.
[12]Karim K R,Fumio Yamazaki.Effect of earthquake ground motions on fragility curves of highway bridge piers based on numerical simulation[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2001,30:1839―1856.
[13]Lee J,Fenves G L.A plastic-damage concrete model for earthquake analysis of dams[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1998,27:937―956.
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