基于匹配小波包算法的地震信号去噪
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摘要
地震资料的信噪比是影响地震资料质量的关键因素之一。目前的去噪方法中,在滤波的同时会损伤有效信号,因此提出基于匹配算法的去噪方法,利用和地震信号匹配的小波包对信号进行分解,用选出的波形代表有效信号达到去噪的效果。实验分析表明,利用匹配小波包算法能够很好地压制地震信号白噪声,提高信噪比。当噪声能量小于有效信号周期能量时,小波包算法去噪效果比小波收缩阈值法好,信噪比提高5 dB±。
The signal-noise ratio is a key factor affecting the quality of seismic data.The current denoising methods are difficult in removing noise without damaging effective signals.Therefore,the denoising method based on matching algorithm is proposed.The authors use wavelet packet matching the seismic data to decompose the signals,select wave form to represent effective signals and reach to the effect of denoising.Experimental analysis shows that using matching wavelet packet algorithm can suppress the white noise in seismic data well and improve signal-noise ratio.The method denoising effect of wavelet packet algorithm is better than wavelet shrinkage threshold method,and signal-noise ratio can be improved for 5 dB when the noise energy is less than the effective signal-cycle energy.
The signal-noise ratio is a key factor affecting the quality of seismic data.The current denoising methods are difficult in removing noise without damaging effective signals.Therefore,the denoising method based on matching algorithm is proposed.The authors use wavelet packet matching the seismic data to decompose the signals,select wave form to represent effective signals and reach to the effect of denoising.Experimental analysis shows that using matching wavelet packet algorithm can suppress the white noise in seismic data well and improve signal-noise ratio.The method denoising effect of wavelet packet algorithm is better than wavelet shrinkage threshold method,and signal-noise ratio can be improved for 5 dB when the noise energy is less than the effective signal-cycle energy.
引文
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[4]赵维俊,田钢,石战结.用双正交小波实现有限脉冲信号的滤波[J].世界地质,2002,21(4):378-384.ZHAO Wei-jun,TIAN Gang,SHI Zhan-jie.Filtering thefinite impulse signals using biorthogonal wavelets[J].Global Geology,2002,21(4):378-384.
[5]陈林,宋海斌.基于Morlet小波匹配追踪算法的地震时频属性提取[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):673-679.CHEN Lin,SONG Hai-bin.Extraction of seismic time-frequency attribute based on morlet wavelet match tracingalgorithm[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(6):673-679.
[6]陈发宇,杨长春.对依据频率的匹配追踪快速算法的改进[J].石油物探,2009,48(1):80-83.CHEN Fa-yu,YANG Chang-chun.An improvement forfrequency-dominated fast matching pursuits algorithm[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2009,48(1):80-83.
[7]刘喜武,张宁,勾永峰,等.地震勘探信号时频分析方法对比与应用分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):743-753.LIU Xi-wu,ZHANG Ning,GOU Yong-feng,et al.Thecomparison and application of time-frequency analysismethods to seismic signal[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3):743-753.
[8]文晓涛,贺振华,黄德济.小波域尺度积在裂缝检测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(4):703-707.WEN Xiao-tao,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Applica-tion of wavelet multi-scale product in fracture detection[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2008,38(4):703-707.
[9]韩佳君,韩立国,巩向博,等.基于波动理论的近地表散射噪声衰减[J].世界地质,2010,29(2):310-322.HAN Jia-jun,HAN Li-guo,GONG Xiang-bo,et al.At-tenuation of near-surface scattering noise based on wavetheory[J].Global Geology,2010,29(2):310-322.
[2]赵天姿,宋炜,王尚旭.基于匹配追踪算法的时频滤波去噪方法[J].石油物探,2008,47(4):367-371.ZHAO Tian-zi,SONG Wei,WANG Shang-xu.Time-fre-quency filtering de-noise method based on matching pur-suit algorithm[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petrole-um,2008,47(4):367-371.
[3]冯磊,姜在兴.基于匹配追踪的谱分解方法及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(1):33-36.FENG Lei,JIANG Zai-xing.Spectral decompositionbased on matching pursuit and its application[J].Pro-gress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(1):33-36.
[4]赵维俊,田钢,石战结.用双正交小波实现有限脉冲信号的滤波[J].世界地质,2002,21(4):378-384.ZHAO Wei-jun,TIAN Gang,SHI Zhan-jie.Filtering thefinite impulse signals using biorthogonal wavelets[J].Global Geology,2002,21(4):378-384.
[5]陈林,宋海斌.基于Morlet小波匹配追踪算法的地震时频属性提取[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):673-679.CHEN Lin,SONG Hai-bin.Extraction of seismic time-frequency attribute based on morlet wavelet match tracingalgorithm[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2008,43(6):673-679.
[6]陈发宇,杨长春.对依据频率的匹配追踪快速算法的改进[J].石油物探,2009,48(1):80-83.CHEN Fa-yu,YANG Chang-chun.An improvement forfrequency-dominated fast matching pursuits algorithm[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2009,48(1):80-83.
[7]刘喜武,张宁,勾永峰,等.地震勘探信号时频分析方法对比与应用分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):743-753.LIU Xi-wu,ZHANG Ning,GOU Yong-feng,et al.Thecomparison and application of time-frequency analysismethods to seismic signal[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3):743-753.
[8]文晓涛,贺振华,黄德济.小波域尺度积在裂缝检测中的应用[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2008,38(4):703-707.WEN Xiao-tao,HE Zhen-hua,HUANG De-ji.Applica-tion of wavelet multi-scale product in fracture detection[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2008,38(4):703-707.
[9]韩佳君,韩立国,巩向博,等.基于波动理论的近地表散射噪声衰减[J].世界地质,2010,29(2):310-322.HAN Jia-jun,HAN Li-guo,GONG Xiang-bo,et al.At-tenuation of near-surface scattering noise based on wavetheory[J].Global Geology,2010,29(2):310-322.
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