某深井矿山微地震活动研究
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摘要
云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司会泽铅锌矿是我国一个千米深井矿山,其下属8号矿体采深已达1200余米,矿体赋存条件复杂,地应力高,导致微地震活动频发。本文根据微震监测数据及井下开采活动,对微震活动的时空分布、诱发模式以及预测预报进行了研究。结果表明:微震活动的时空分布主要与开采活动及地质构造有关,根据发生位置、震级大小、破坏特征可将微地震的诱发模式分为应变破裂、矿柱冲击以及断层滑移破裂三类,阐述了各自的发生机制。提出以地震学参数-活动率∑N/△t、视体积VA、能量指数EI的时间序列曲线来预测矿震灾害,并对其物理意义及破坏过程中可能出现的特征进行了理论分析,现场应用后证明:地压灾害发生前,活动率∑N/△t及视体积VA急剧增加,能量指数EI突然降低。
Huize Lead & Zinc mine is a deep kilometer well in Yunnan chihong Zn & Ge Co.,LTD.in China,in which 8# orebody's mining depth has reached more than 1200m.The deep ore body has complicated condition and high ground stress,which causes microseismic occuring frequently.Based on micro-seismic monitoring date and mining activities underground,the temporal and spatial distribution,induced model,prediction and forecast of microseismic activities are studied.The results show: temporal and spatial of the microseismic activities associates with mining activities and geological structure.According to occurrence location,the size of magnitude and failure characteristics,the induced model of microseismic activity is divided into three types: strain burst,pillar-foundation failure and fault slip,occurrence mechanism and degree of damage are expatiated respectively.Predicting mine quake disaster by the time series curves of miroseismic active rate(∑N/△t),apparent volume(VA) and energy index(EI) is proposed.The physical meaning and possible characteristics in rock failure process are theoretical analyzed respectively.Field application shows: before the occurrence of ground pressure disaster occurring,microseismic activity rate(∑N/△t) and apparent volume(VA) will sharply increase,energy index(EI) quickly decrease.
Huize Lead & Zinc mine is a deep kilometer well in Yunnan chihong Zn & Ge Co.,LTD.in China,in which 8# orebody's mining depth has reached more than 1200m.The deep ore body has complicated condition and high ground stress,which causes microseismic occuring frequently.Based on micro-seismic monitoring date and mining activities underground,the temporal and spatial distribution,induced model,prediction and forecast of microseismic activities are studied.The results show: temporal and spatial of the microseismic activities associates with mining activities and geological structure.According to occurrence location,the size of magnitude and failure characteristics,the induced model of microseismic activity is divided into three types: strain burst,pillar-foundation failure and fault slip,occurrence mechanism and degree of damage are expatiated respectively.Predicting mine quake disaster by the time series curves of miroseismic active rate(∑N/△t),apparent volume(VA) and energy index(EI) is proposed.The physical meaning and possible characteristics in rock failure process are theoretical analyzed respectively.Field application shows: before the occurrence of ground pressure disaster occurring,microseismic activity rate(∑N/△t) and apparent volume(VA) will sharply increase,energy index(EI) quickly decrease.
引文
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[7]Lenhardt W A.Seismicity associated with deep-level mining atWestern Deep Levels Limited[J].Journal of the South AfricanInstitute of Mining and Metallurgy,1992,92(5):113-120.
[8]李新元,马念杰.加拿大矿山具有岩爆倾向的硬岩支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(4):14-17.
[9]郭然,于润沧.有岩爆危险巷道的支护设计[J].中国矿业,2002,11(3):23-26.
[10]唐礼忠.深井矿山地震活动与岩爆监测及预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008:67-82.
[11]杨承祥,罗周全,唐礼忠.基于微震监测技术的深井开采地压活动规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):818-824.
[12]Van Aswegen G,Butler A.Applications of quantitative seismolo-gy in SA goldmines[C]//Proceedings of third internationalsymposium on rockburst and seismicity in mines.Rotterdam:AA Balkem,1993:261-266.
[2]齐庆新,陈尚本,王怀新,等.冲击地压、岩爆、矿震的关系及其数值模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1852-1858.
[3]Chun-lai wang,Ai-xiang wu,Xiao-hui liu.Mechanisms ofmicroseismic events occurred in a deep hard-rock mine of China[C]//The 7th International Symposium on Rockburst and Seis-micity in Mines.New York,USA:Rinton Press,2009:245-250.
[4]袁子清,杨小聪,唐礼忠.冬瓜山铜矿矿山地震活动响应规律研究[J].有色金属,2009,61(1):113-120.
[5]Slawomir Jerzy Gibowicz,Andrzej Kijko.矿山地震学引论[M].修济刚译.北京:地震出版社,1998:18-20.
[6]刘晓辉,吴爱祥,王春来.云南会泽铅锌矿微震监测系统应用研究[J].金属矿山,2010(1):151-158.
[7]Lenhardt W A.Seismicity associated with deep-level mining atWestern Deep Levels Limited[J].Journal of the South AfricanInstitute of Mining and Metallurgy,1992,92(5):113-120.
[8]李新元,马念杰.加拿大矿山具有岩爆倾向的硬岩支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2005,33(4):14-17.
[9]郭然,于润沧.有岩爆危险巷道的支护设计[J].中国矿业,2002,11(3):23-26.
[10]唐礼忠.深井矿山地震活动与岩爆监测及预测研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008:67-82.
[11]杨承祥,罗周全,唐礼忠.基于微震监测技术的深井开采地压活动规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):818-824.
[12]Van Aswegen G,Butler A.Applications of quantitative seismolo-gy in SA goldmines[C]//Proceedings of third internationalsymposium on rockburst and seismicity in mines.Rotterdam:AA Balkem,1993:261-266.
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