汶川地震灾区道路损毁度遥感评估模型
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摘要
为满足地震发生后灾区交通设施损毁程度快速评价的需要,提出并建立了基于低空遥感影像的道路损毁度遥感评估模型.以低空遥感平台获取的地震灾区大比例尺真彩色遥感影像为信息源,提取灾区道路、桥梁和隧道洞口等交通构筑物的空间信息以及滑坡、崩塌、堰塞湖等灾害体的空间分布信息,形成崩塌、滑坡灾害分布和道路设施空间分布专题图.以道路设施与灾害体是否形成空间耦合作为道路损毁与否的判据,由灾害个体对道路设施结构破坏的严重程度生成道路受损系数,由单个受损段道路的长度生成规模系数,建立了灾区道路损毁程度遥感评估模型,并将该模型应用于都—汶路白沙至夏家坪段道路损毁程度评估,结果与实际情况一致.
A low-altitude remote sensing data-based evaluation model for damage extent of roads was proposed for rapid assessment of transport facilities in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas.Spatial information about roads,bridges,tunnel portals and spatial distributional information about landslides,collapses and barrier lakes were extracted from large-scale true-color images of Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas gained from low-altitude remote sensing platforms,and the corresponding thematic maps were drawn.Spatial coupling of a road and disaster bodies was taken as the criterion to judge whether this road is damaged.The road damage coefficient was get from the damage level of road structures due to individual disaster body,and the damage scale factor was obtained from the length of individual damaged road.Based on the above parameters,an evaluation model was established for the damage extent of roads in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas.The damage extent of Baisha-Xiajiaping section of Dujiangyan-Wenchuan highway was obtained using this evaluation model.The obtained result is consistent with the actual situation.
A low-altitude remote sensing data-based evaluation model for damage extent of roads was proposed for rapid assessment of transport facilities in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas.Spatial information about roads,bridges,tunnel portals and spatial distributional information about landslides,collapses and barrier lakes were extracted from large-scale true-color images of Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas gained from low-altitude remote sensing platforms,and the corresponding thematic maps were drawn.Spatial coupling of a road and disaster bodies was taken as the criterion to judge whether this road is damaged.The road damage coefficient was get from the damage level of road structures due to individual disaster body,and the damage scale factor was obtained from the length of individual damaged road.Based on the above parameters,an evaluation model was established for the damage extent of roads in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas.The damage extent of Baisha-Xiajiaping section of Dujiangyan-Wenchuan highway was obtained using this evaluation model.The obtained result is consistent with the actual situation.
引文
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[13]李翔,周诚,高肖俭,等.我国灾害经济统计评估系统及其指标体系的研究[J].自然灾害学报,1993,2(1):5-15.LI Xiang,ZHOU Xheng,GAO Xiaojian,et al.Studyon Chinese statistical and estimating system of disastereconomy and its index system[J].Journal of NaturalDisasters,1993,2(1):5-15.
[14]谢谦礼,程承旗,马廷.一种基于高分辨率遥感影像的道路提取方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2006,42(17):188-190.XIE Qianli,CHENG Chengqi,MA Ting.A newapproach of extracting road from high-resolution remotesensing images[J].Computer Engineering andApplications,2006,42(17):188-190.
[15]孙绍骋.灾害评估研究内容与方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(2):122-130.SUN Shaocheng.A study on the contents and methodsof disaster assessment[J].Progress in Geography,2001,20(2):122-130.
[2]史文中,朱长青,王昱.从遥感影像提取道路特征的方法综述与展望[J].测绘学报,2001,30(3):257-262.SHI Wenzhong,ZHU Changqing,WANG Yu.Roadfeature extraction from remotely sensed image:reviewand prospects[J].Acta Geodaetica et CartographicaSinica,2001,30(3):257-262.
[3]林宗坚,刘政荣.从遥感影像提取道路信息的方法评述[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2003,28(1):90-93.LIN Zongjian,LIU Zhengrong.Methods and prospectsof road and linear structure extraction from remotesensing image[J].Geomatics and Information Scienceof Wuhan University,2003,28(1):90-93.
[4]许建东,黄建发.地震紧急救援数据库与指挥决策系统现状综述[J].国际地震动态,2005(3):8-12.XUJiandong,HUANG Jianfa.The status summarizationon the database develpoment and decision-makingsystem for earthquake emergency and rescue[J].Recent Developments in World Seismlogy,2005(3):8-12.
[5]苏凤环,刘洪江,韩用顺.汶川地震山地灾害遥感快速提取及其分布特点分析[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):956-963.SU Fenghuan,LIU Hongjiang,HAN Yongshun.Theextraction of mountain hazard induced by wenchuanearthquake and analysis of its distributing characteristic[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):956-963.
[6]朱博勤,魏成阶,张渊智.航空遥感地震灾害信息的快速提取[J].自然灾害学报,1998,7(1):34-39.ZHU Boqin,WEI Chengjie,ZHANG Yuanzi.Thequick extracting of earthquake disaster data by aerialremote sensing survey[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,1998,7(1):34-39.
[7]王晓青,王龙,章熙海,等.汶川8.0级地震震害遥感定量化初步研究[J].地震,2009,29(1):174-181.WANG Xiaoqing,WANG Long,ZHANG Xihai,et al.Primary quantitative study on earthquake damageextracted from remote sensing imagery:a case study ofdujiangyan due to the Wenchuan M8.0 earthquake[J].Earthquake,2009,29(1):174-181.
[8]韩用顺,崔鹏,朱颖彦,等.汶川地震危害道路交通及其遥感监测评估:以都汶公路为例[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2009,41(3):273-283.HAN Yongshun,CUI Peng,ZHU Yingyan,et al.Remote sensing monitoring and assessment of trafficaldamage by wenchuan earthquake:a case study in Du-Wen highway[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2009,41(3):273-283.
[9]王丹,丁军.航空遥感影像上震害解译的结构模型与几何特征的获取[J].灾害学,1997,12(1):1-6.WANG Dan,DING Jun.Geometric features acquisitionof seismic hazards on aerial remotely sensed imagery[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1997,12(1):1-6.
[10]安如,冯学智,王慧麟.基于数学形态学的道路遥感影像特征提取及网络分析[J].中国图象图形学报,2003,8(7):798-804.AN Ru,FEN Xuezhi,WANG Huilin.Road featureextraction form remote sensing classified imagery basedon mathematical morphology and analysis of roadnetworks[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2003,8(7):798-804.
[11]李英玲,苗放,王华军,等.数字区域评价指标体系探索[J].计算机工程与科学,2009,31(4):146-148.LI Yingling,MIAO Fang,WANG Huajun,et al.Aninitial research on the digital area appraisal indicatorsystem[J].Computer Engineering&Science,2009,(4):146-148,
[12]王晓青,丁香,王龙,等.四川汶川8级大地震灾害损失快速评估研究[J].地震学报,2009,31(2):205-211.WANG Xiaoqing,DING Xiang,WANG Long,et al.A study on fast earthquake loss assessment and itsapplication to 2008 Wenchuan M8 earthquake[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(2):205-211.
[13]李翔,周诚,高肖俭,等.我国灾害经济统计评估系统及其指标体系的研究[J].自然灾害学报,1993,2(1):5-15.LI Xiang,ZHOU Xheng,GAO Xiaojian,et al.Studyon Chinese statistical and estimating system of disastereconomy and its index system[J].Journal of NaturalDisasters,1993,2(1):5-15.
[14]谢谦礼,程承旗,马廷.一种基于高分辨率遥感影像的道路提取方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2006,42(17):188-190.XIE Qianli,CHENG Chengqi,MA Ting.A newapproach of extracting road from high-resolution remotesensing images[J].Computer Engineering andApplications,2006,42(17):188-190.
[15]孙绍骋.灾害评估研究内容与方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(2):122-130.SUN Shaocheng.A study on the contents and methodsof disaster assessment[J].Progress in Geography,2001,20(2):122-130.
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