硬岩深孔爆破破坏范围地震波CT测试
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摘要
硬岩巷道掘进工作效率受岩石硬度影响较大,采用深孔爆破可以对岩层产生不同程度的弱化作用。为了有效评价爆破弱化范围及特征,采用地震波CT测试技术,在不同开挖断面布置CT测试观测系统进行数据采集,利用SIRT反演方法获得断面波速分布结果,进一步划分爆破波速异常范围作为岩石弱化范围。实际应用结果表明,本次测试爆破孔弱化范围在0.4～1.2m,且影响程度沿钻孔自外向内有减小的趋势。该方法测试效果显著,可为爆破技术改进提供有效的技术参数。
The work efficiency of drilling in the laneway of hard rock is affected immensely by the hardness of rock.The reduction function of the rock stratum can be produced inordinately by deep hole blasting method.The seismic wave CT technology is used in the engineering to evaluate effectively the reduction range and characteristic of blasting.Through arranging the CT observing system in different excavating section the seismic wave data can be collected.Then,the result of the velocity distribution of seismic wave in section is achieved using the inversion method of SIRT.The reduction range of hard rock can be divided more according to the range of the waves velocity anomaly.The detecting practices and its results in the hard rock laneway of Huainan show that the reduction range around the blasting holes is 0.4 to 1.2m in this test.And its affecting degree of reduction along the blasting hole appears the tendency of reducing from outer to inner.The seismic wave CT technology has obvious effect in the test of reduction range,and it can provide effective technology parameters for the improvement of blasting technology in hard sandstone field.
The work efficiency of drilling in the laneway of hard rock is affected immensely by the hardness of rock.The reduction function of the rock stratum can be produced inordinately by deep hole blasting method.The seismic wave CT technology is used in the engineering to evaluate effectively the reduction range and characteristic of blasting.Through arranging the CT observing system in different excavating section the seismic wave data can be collected.Then,the result of the velocity distribution of seismic wave in section is achieved using the inversion method of SIRT.The reduction range of hard rock can be divided more according to the range of the waves velocity anomaly.The detecting practices and its results in the hard rock laneway of Huainan show that the reduction range around the blasting holes is 0.4 to 1.2m in this test.And its affecting degree of reduction along the blasting hole appears the tendency of reducing from outer to inner.The seismic wave CT technology has obvious effect in the test of reduction range,and it can provide effective technology parameters for the improvement of blasting technology in hard sandstone field.
引文
[1]刘盛东,张平松.地下工程震波探测技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2008.
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[2]陈士海,魏海霞,薛爱芝.坚硬岩石巷道中深孔掏槽爆破试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(S1):3498～3502.
[3]马建军,江兵,黄勇等.井下深孔爆破模型模拟试验研究[J].工程爆破,2001,7(3):9～14.
[4]胡坤伦,杨树仁,徐晓峰等.煤矿深部岩巷掘进爆破试验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2007,26(6):856～858.
[5]张平松,刘盛东.井巷煤岩体内构造特征反射波探测技术与应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2006,(6):43～46.
[6]刘传武,张明,赵武升.用声波测试技术确定煤层开采后底板破坏深度[J].煤炭科技,2003,(4):4～5.
[7]张平松,刘盛东.工作面爆破振动对硐室稳定性的影响[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):208～211.
[8]张平松,刘盛东.断层构造在矿井工作面震波CT反演中的特征显现[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1):35～39.
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