高层钢框架考虑损伤累积效应的地震倒塌分析方法
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摘要
针对结构倒塌破坏的不确定性,提出一种用于高层钢框架结构在强震作用下结构倒塌全过程模拟的数值方法,该方法采用基于中心差分法的显式积分格式,通过定义结构的层损伤,将修正的K&K模型应用到结构中,以考虑结构在地震作用下强度和刚度的退化规律。通过编制有限元程序将该方法用于分析20层benchmark模型结构倒塌全过程和倒塌机理。分析表明,该考虑材料损伤累积效应的方法能更精确地确定高层钢框架结构的失效极限荷载,且在未知结构的失效破坏模式前提下,可较好地模拟在地震作用下结构的失效路径以及倒塌全过程和揭示结构的倒塌机理。
Considering the collapse uncertainty of structures,a numerical approach is proposed for simulating the collapse process of steel frame structures under severe earthquakes.This approach includes a structure damage index in story level using modified K&K model in order to describe the degradation of structure strength and stiffness due to earthquakes,with the form of explicit integration based on the central difference method.Study of the failure path and the collapse process of a 20-storey benchmark steel frame structure under earthquake,using the proposed approach,was conducted,and the results indicate that the numerical approach can determine the failure ultimate loading of the high-rise steel frame precisely with consideration of damage accumulation.Without knowing the failure mode of the structures,the approach can better simulate the failure path,the collapse process of structures and the collapse mechanism of the structures.
Considering the collapse uncertainty of structures,a numerical approach is proposed for simulating the collapse process of steel frame structures under severe earthquakes.This approach includes a structure damage index in story level using modified K&K model in order to describe the degradation of structure strength and stiffness due to earthquakes,with the form of explicit integration based on the central difference method.Study of the failure path and the collapse process of a 20-storey benchmark steel frame structure under earthquake,using the proposed approach,was conducted,and the results indicate that the numerical approach can determine the failure ultimate loading of the high-rise steel frame precisely with consideration of damage accumulation.Without knowing the failure mode of the structures,the approach can better simulate the failure path,the collapse process of structures and the collapse mechanism of the structures.
引文
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[11]Bonora N,Gentile D,Pirondi A,et al.Ductile damageevolution under triaxial state of stress:theory andexperiments[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2005,21(5):981-1007
[12]Macrae G A,Kawashima K.Seismic behavior of hollowstiffened steel bridge columns[J].Journal of BridgeEngineering,2001,6(2):110-119
[13]丁阳,伍敏,徐龙河,等.钢柱考虑损伤累积效应的强震下损伤演化规律[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(7):112-117(Ding Yang,Wu Min,Xu Longhe,et al.Seismicdamage evolution of steel columns considering damageaccumulation[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(7):112-117(in Chinese))
[14]Park Y J,Ang A H.Mechanistic seismic damage model forreinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739
[15]瞿岳前,梁兴文,田野.基于能量分析的地震损伤性能评估[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(1):109-114(QuYueqian,Liang Xingwen,Tian Ye.Evaluation of seismicdamage performance based on energy analysis[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2006,22(1):109-114(in Chinese))
[16]Bonora N.A nonlinear CDM model for ductile failure[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1997,58(1/2):11-28
[17]Bonora N,Ruggiero A,Gentile D,et al.Practical applicabilityand limitations of the elastic modulus degradation techniquefor damage measurements in ductile metals[J].Strain,2011,47:241-254
[2]Hakuno M,Meguro K.Simulation of concrete-frame collapsedue to dynamic loading[J].Journal of Engineeringmechanics,1993,119(9):1709-1723
[3]张雷明.灾害荷载下结构倒塌机制研究[D].北京:清华大学,1999(Zhang Leiming.Research on the collapsemechanism of structures under disastrous loading[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,1999(in Chinese))
[4]宣纲,顾祥林,吕西林.强震作用下混凝土框架结构倒塌过程的数值分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):24-30(Xuan Gang,Gu Xianglin,Lu Xilin.Numerical analysis of collapse process for RC framestructures subjected to strong earthquakes[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2003,23(6):24-30(in Chinese))
[5]Ibarra L F.Krawinkler H.Global collapse of frame structuresunder seismic excitations[R].Stanford:StanfordUniversity,2003
[6]KurobaneY,Wang B,Azuma K,et al.Brittle fracture insteel frame seismic damage of steel beam-to-column rigidconnection in the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake[C]//Behavior of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas.Luglio:Firuito Di Stampare Nel,1997:833-844
[7]顾祥林,彭斌,黄庆华.结构抗震分析中的计算机仿真技术[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(2):92-100(GuXianglin,Peng Bin,Huang Qinghua.Computer simulationtechnology in seismic analysis of structures[J].Journal ofNatural Disasters,2007,16(2):92-100(in Chinese))
[8]熊仲明,史庆轩.钢筋混凝土框架结构倒塌破坏能量分析的研究[J].振动与冲击,2003,22(4):8-11,22(Xiong Zhongming,Shi Qingxuan.Study on evaluationtheory for collapse mechanism of reinforced concrete framestructure with energy method[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2003,22(4):8-11,22(in Chinese))
[9]Krieg R D,Key S W.Implementation of a time dependentplasticity theory into structural computer programs[C]//Proceedings of the Winter Annual Meeting.New York,1976:125-137
[10]Ohtori Y,Christenson R E,Spencer B F,et al.Benchmarkcontrol problems for seismically excited nonlinear buildings[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2004,130(4):366-385
[11]Bonora N,Gentile D,Pirondi A,et al.Ductile damageevolution under triaxial state of stress:theory andexperiments[J].International Journal of Plasticity,2005,21(5):981-1007
[12]Macrae G A,Kawashima K.Seismic behavior of hollowstiffened steel bridge columns[J].Journal of BridgeEngineering,2001,6(2):110-119
[13]丁阳,伍敏,徐龙河,等.钢柱考虑损伤累积效应的强震下损伤演化规律[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(7):112-117(Ding Yang,Wu Min,Xu Longhe,et al.Seismicdamage evolution of steel columns considering damageaccumulation[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(7):112-117(in Chinese))
[14]Park Y J,Ang A H.Mechanistic seismic damage model forreinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1985,111(4):722-739
[15]瞿岳前,梁兴文,田野.基于能量分析的地震损伤性能评估[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(1):109-114(QuYueqian,Liang Xingwen,Tian Ye.Evaluation of seismicdamage performance based on energy analysis[J].WorldEarthquake Engineering,2006,22(1):109-114(in Chinese))
[16]Bonora N.A nonlinear CDM model for ductile failure[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1997,58(1/2):11-28
[17]Bonora N,Ruggiero A,Gentile D,et al.Practical applicabilityand limitations of the elastic modulus degradation techniquefor damage measurements in ductile metals[J].Strain,2011,47:241-254
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