汶川地震后建筑的抗震加固技术
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摘要
汶川地震建筑震害再一次证明了进行抗震加固是提高现有房屋抗震能力最有效的途径。本文从震害资料出发,论述了抗震加固的必要性和重要性。同时将抗震加固方法分为传统加固方法和新型加固方法两大类,并建议优先选用效果可靠的传统加固方法。最后,分析了框架节点区加固、结构胶防火、变形缝处构件的加固等难点问题,并提出了处理方法。
Building damage of Wenchuan earthquake proved once again that the seismic strengthening is the most important way to improve the seismic capability of the existing buildings.In this paper,the information of earthquake damage of buildings is pressented and the necessity and importance of seismic strengthening are discussed.And seismic strengthening methods are summarized,traditional strengthening technology is compared with new technology,that traditional methods should be preferred in the presents seismic strengthening is suggested.Finally,the difficult issues such as beam-column connections zone strengthening of frame-structure,fireproof problem of structure glue,structural elements strengthening near deformation joint are analyzed,and proposes treatment methods are proposed.
Building damage of Wenchuan earthquake proved once again that the seismic strengthening is the most important way to improve the seismic capability of the existing buildings.In this paper,the information of earthquake damage of buildings is pressented and the necessity and importance of seismic strengthening are discussed.And seismic strengthening methods are summarized,traditional strengthening technology is compared with new technology,that traditional methods should be preferred in the presents seismic strengthening is suggested.Finally,the difficult issues such as beam-column connections zone strengthening of frame-structure,fireproof problem of structure glue,structural elements strengthening near deformation joint are analyzed,and proposes treatment methods are proposed.
引文
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[9]JGJ116-2009,建筑抗震加固技术规程[S]JGJ116-2009,Technical Specification for SeismicStrengthening of Buildings[S](in Chinese)
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[11]王亚勇,薛彦涛,欧进萍,等.北京饭店等重要建筑的消能减振抗震加固设计方法[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(2):35～39Wang Ya-yong,Xue Yan-tao and Ou Ji-ping,et al.Structural Analyses and Design of Seismic Retrofittingwith Energy DissipationDampers for Beijing Hotel andOther Key Buildings in Beijing[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2001,22(2):35～39(in Chinese)
[12]吴刚,吴智深,吕志涛,等.玄武岩纤维在震后结构加固修复中应用的突出优势[A].汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[C],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008,383～395Wu Gang,Wu Zhi-shen,Lv Zhi-tao,et al.TheOutstanding Advantages of Basalt Fibers in the Post-earthquake Structural Strengthening and Repairing[A].Building Seismic Damage Investigation and the Analysisof Post-disaster Reconstruction under WenchuanEarthquake[C],Beijing:China Building IndustryPress,2008,383～395(in Chinese)
[13]GB50367-2006,混凝土结构加固设计规范[S]GB50367-2006,Degin Code for Srengthening ConcreteStructure[S](in Chinese)
[14]徐有邻.由地震引发对预制预应力圆孔板的思考[J].建筑结构,2008,38(7):7～9Xu You-lin.The thinking on the prefabricatedprestressed hollow RC Slab after Wenchuan Earthquakes[J].Building Structures,2008,38(7):7～9(inChinese)
[15]赵西安.从汶川地震看结构抗震设计与施工中的一些问题[J].建筑科学,2008,24(7):97～100Zhao Xi-an.Problems Existing in Structural Design andConstruction Judging by Wenchun Earthquake Damages[J].Building Science,2008,24(7):97～100(inChinese)
[16]周绪红,吴方伯,张敬书,等.新型单向预应力双向配筋混凝土叠合楼盖在震后重建中的应用[A].汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[C],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008,448～454Zhou Xu-hong,Wu Fang-bo,Zhang Jing-shu,et al.The application of new unidirectional prestressed two-way concrete composite slab in the Post-earthquakeReconstruction[A].Building Seismic DamageInvestigation and the Analysis of Post-disasterReconstruction under Wenchuan Earthquake[C],Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2008,448～454(in Chinese)
[17]曹忠民,李爱群.抗震加固钢筋混凝土梁柱节点的研究进展[J].华东交通大学学报,2006,23(1):1～5Cao Zhong-min and Li Ai-qun.Advancement inResearch of Seismic Strengthening Reinforced ConcreteBeam-column Joints[J].Journal of East China JiaotongUniversity,2006,23(1):1～5(in Chinese)
[18]06SG311,混凝土结构加固构造[S]06SG311,Details Drawing for Srengthening ConcreteStructure[S](in Chinese)
[19]张首文,王文军,李红旭.混凝土加固改造用建筑结构胶黏剂在中国的发展[J].化学与粘合,2005,27(1):38～41Zhang Shou-wen,Wang Wen-jun and Li Hong-xu.Envelopment Process of Construction Structural AdhesiveFor Concrete Reinforcement and Repair in China[J].Chemistry and Adhesion,2005,27(1):38～41(inChinese)
[20]Dimitrienko Y I.Thermomechanics of Composites UnderHigh Temperatures[M].Klewer Academic Publishers,Londen,1999,347
[21]唐曹明.解决已有建筑物地震时碰撞问题的几点讨论[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(1):76～82Tang Cao-ming.Some Discussion on Problems ofSeismic Pounding Effects of Existing Buildings[J].Journal of Building Structures,2001,22(1):76～82(inChinese)
[2]张敬书.建筑抗震鉴定与加固[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006,5～12Zhang Jing-shu.Building Seismic Evaluation andStrengthening[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2006,5～12(in Chinese)
[3]沈聚敏,周锡元,高小旺,刘晶波.地震工程学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2000,598Shen Ju-min,Zhou Xi-yuan,Gao Xiao-wang,Liu Jing-bo.Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:ChinaBuilding Industry Press,2000,598(in Chinese)
[4]葛学礼,沙安,巩正光等.从云南丽江7.0级地震看抗震防灾规划与抗震加固的效果[J].工程抗震,1996,(2):26～29Ge Xue-li,Sha An,Gong Zheng-guang,et al.Theeffect of earthquake disaster prevention planning andseismic reinforcement after the Lijiang M7.0 earthquakein Yunnan Province[J].Earthquake ResistantEngineering,1996,(2):26～29(in Chinese)
[5]李德虎,丁绍祥,李毅弘,陈善阳.包头6.4级地震震害及对抗震设防效果的分析[J].工程抗震,1996,(4):36～40Li De-hu,Ding Shao-xiang,Li Yi-hong,Chen Shan-yang.The analysis of Baotou 6.4-magnitude earthquakedisasters and seismic fortification effection[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering,1996,(4):36～40(in Chinese)
[6]刘岸雄,苗启松,李文峰,李兴旺,汶川地震后都江堰市砌体结构震害调查及修复建议[A].汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[C],中国建筑工业出版社,2008,113～114Liu An-xiong,Miao Qi-Song,Li Wen-feng and Li Xing-wang,Earthquake damage survey and repair proposal ofmasonry structure in Dujiangyan after WenchuanEarthquake[A].Building Seismic DamageInvestigation and the Analysis of Post-disasterReconstruction under Wenchuan Earthquake[C],Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2008,113～114(in Chinese)
[7]张熙光,王骏孙,刘惠珊.建筑抗震鉴定加固手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001,20～22Zhang Xi-guang,Wang Jun-sun and Liu Hui-shan.TheMaunal for Seismic Appraisal and Strengthening ofBuildings[M].Beijing:China Building IndustryPress,2001,20～22(in Chinese)
[8]薛彦涛,范苏榕.传统抗震加固技术与抗震加固新技术介绍[J].工程建设与设计,2006,(08):19～22Xue Yan-tao and Fan Su-rong.The introduction oftraditional and new seismic strengthening technique[J].Construction&Design for Project,2006,(08):19～22(in Chinese)
[9]JGJ116-2009,建筑抗震加固技术规程[S]JGJ116-2009,Technical Specification for SeismicStrengthening of Buildings[S](in Chinese)
[10]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997,42～43Zhou Fu-lin.Damping Control of Engineering Structures[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1997,42～43(inChinese)
[11]王亚勇,薛彦涛,欧进萍,等.北京饭店等重要建筑的消能减振抗震加固设计方法[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(2):35～39Wang Ya-yong,Xue Yan-tao and Ou Ji-ping,et al.Structural Analyses and Design of Seismic Retrofittingwith Energy DissipationDampers for Beijing Hotel andOther Key Buildings in Beijing[J].Journal of BuildingStructures,2001,22(2):35～39(in Chinese)
[12]吴刚,吴智深,吕志涛,等.玄武岩纤维在震后结构加固修复中应用的突出优势[A].汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[C],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008,383～395Wu Gang,Wu Zhi-shen,Lv Zhi-tao,et al.TheOutstanding Advantages of Basalt Fibers in the Post-earthquake Structural Strengthening and Repairing[A].Building Seismic Damage Investigation and the Analysisof Post-disaster Reconstruction under WenchuanEarthquake[C],Beijing:China Building IndustryPress,2008,383～395(in Chinese)
[13]GB50367-2006,混凝土结构加固设计规范[S]GB50367-2006,Degin Code for Srengthening ConcreteStructure[S](in Chinese)
[14]徐有邻.由地震引发对预制预应力圆孔板的思考[J].建筑结构,2008,38(7):7～9Xu You-lin.The thinking on the prefabricatedprestressed hollow RC Slab after Wenchuan Earthquakes[J].Building Structures,2008,38(7):7～9(inChinese)
[15]赵西安.从汶川地震看结构抗震设计与施工中的一些问题[J].建筑科学,2008,24(7):97～100Zhao Xi-an.Problems Existing in Structural Design andConstruction Judging by Wenchun Earthquake Damages[J].Building Science,2008,24(7):97～100(inChinese)
[16]周绪红,吴方伯,张敬书,等.新型单向预应力双向配筋混凝土叠合楼盖在震后重建中的应用[A].汶川地震建筑震害调查与灾后重建分析报告[C],北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008,448～454Zhou Xu-hong,Wu Fang-bo,Zhang Jing-shu,et al.The application of new unidirectional prestressed two-way concrete composite slab in the Post-earthquakeReconstruction[A].Building Seismic DamageInvestigation and the Analysis of Post-disasterReconstruction under Wenchuan Earthquake[C],Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2008,448～454(in Chinese)
[17]曹忠民,李爱群.抗震加固钢筋混凝土梁柱节点的研究进展[J].华东交通大学学报,2006,23(1):1～5Cao Zhong-min and Li Ai-qun.Advancement inResearch of Seismic Strengthening Reinforced ConcreteBeam-column Joints[J].Journal of East China JiaotongUniversity,2006,23(1):1～5(in Chinese)
[18]06SG311,混凝土结构加固构造[S]06SG311,Details Drawing for Srengthening ConcreteStructure[S](in Chinese)
[19]张首文,王文军,李红旭.混凝土加固改造用建筑结构胶黏剂在中国的发展[J].化学与粘合,2005,27(1):38～41Zhang Shou-wen,Wang Wen-jun and Li Hong-xu.Envelopment Process of Construction Structural AdhesiveFor Concrete Reinforcement and Repair in China[J].Chemistry and Adhesion,2005,27(1):38～41(inChinese)
[20]Dimitrienko Y I.Thermomechanics of Composites UnderHigh Temperatures[M].Klewer Academic Publishers,Londen,1999,347
[21]唐曹明.解决已有建筑物地震时碰撞问题的几点讨论[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(1):76～82Tang Cao-ming.Some Discussion on Problems ofSeismic Pounding Effects of Existing Buildings[J].Journal of Building Structures,2001,22(1):76～82(inChinese)
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