三峡库区地震活动与坝前水位关系研究
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摘要
简要介绍了2003年6月三峡水库蓄水以来整个库区地震活动概况,探讨了三峡库区主要断层的渗透结构特征,详细论述了三峡坝前水位变化与库区不同库段、不同地质背景、不同成因水库地震活动的对应关系。三峡库区地震活动统计结果显示,高水位情况下若水位变幅剧烈,容易诱发地震,随着水位的上涨,地震震中呈现向长江及主要支流库岸汇聚的现象,水库地震主要受江水涨落而非构造所控制。除此之外,由于库区不同库段渗透结构差异,随着水位的上涨,库区M2.0级以上地震早期在高桥断裂一带(靠西)活动较多,后期仙女山、九畹溪两断裂(靠东)一带有一定地震活动。
We briefly present the general situations of earthquake activity in Three Gorges Reservoir area since its impoundment in June,2003,discuss the permeability structure of the main fault and the relationships between the water level variation in the front of dam and the earthquake activity under the conditions of different geological backgrounds in different areas and various causes.The statistical results of earthquake activity in the reservoir area show that it is easy to induce earthquake in case of strong variation of water level under the condition of high level and the epicenter of micro-earthquake in reservoir area moves towards the reservoir banks of the Yangtze River and its main tributaries with the rise of water level.It can be seen that the reservoir earthquake is influenced by the river level fluctuation rather than the structure.Besides,due to the differences of permeability structure in different reservoir areas,the earthquakes above M 2.0 occurred more in the Gaoqiao Fault area in early period,later in the Xiannvshan and Jiuwanxi Fault areas.
We briefly present the general situations of earthquake activity in Three Gorges Reservoir area since its impoundment in June,2003,discuss the permeability structure of the main fault and the relationships between the water level variation in the front of dam and the earthquake activity under the conditions of different geological backgrounds in different areas and various causes.The statistical results of earthquake activity in the reservoir area show that it is easy to induce earthquake in case of strong variation of water level under the condition of high level and the epicenter of micro-earthquake in reservoir area moves towards the reservoir banks of the Yangtze River and its main tributaries with the rise of water level.It can be seen that the reservoir earthquake is influenced by the river level fluctuation rather than the structure.Besides,due to the differences of permeability structure in different reservoir areas,the earthquakes above M 2.0 occurred more in the Gaoqiao Fault area in early period,later in the Xiannvshan and Jiuwanxi Fault areas.
引文
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[2]Bell M,Nur A.Strength changes due to res-ervoir-induced pore pressure and stress andapplication to lake Orovill[J].Journal ofGeophysics research,1978,83(B9):4469-4483.
[3]臧绍先.水的渗透作用及新丰江水库地震的特点和机制[J].地震地质,1983,5(2):59-69.
[4]Li V C.Estimation of in-situ hydraulic dif-fusivity of rock masses[J].PAGEOPH,1985,85(122):545-559.
[5]Talwani P,Acree S.Pore pressure diffusion and the mechanism ofreservoir-induced seismicity[J].PAGEOPH,1985,85(122):947-965.
[6]龚钢延,谢原定.新丰江水库地震区内孔隙流体扩散与原地水力扩散率的研究[J].地震学报,1991,13(3):364-371.
[7]郭贵安,刘特培,秦乃岗,等.新丰江水库1961~1999年小震综合机制解结果分析[J].地震学报,2004,26(3):261-268.
[8]王儒述.三峡水库诱发地震研究综述[J].三峡大学学报,2006,28(2):97-104.
[9]车用太,陈俊华,张莉芬,等.长江三峡工程库水首区胡家坪Ms4.1水库诱发地震研究[J].地震,2009,29(4):1-13.
[10]王墩,姚运生,薛军蓉,等.三峡水库重点监视区蓄水前后震源机制研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(5):103-107.
[11]易立新,王广才,李榴芬.水文地质结构与水库诱发地震[J].水文地质工程地质,2004,(2):29-32.
[12]常延改.岩溶塌陷型水库地震的形成条件分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2006,(5):42-45.
[13]陈俊华,甘家思,李胜,等.湖北巴东东瀼口地震地震活动特征研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2007,27(3):97-105.
[14]陈俊华,申学林,魏贵春,等.秭归罗圈荒地区微震群时空特征初步研究[J].资源环境与工程,2009,23(4):452-456.
[15]李峰,韩晓玉,但卫,等.三峡水库巴东地区的地震活动分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,28(4):63-67.
[16]陈敏,戴应洪,王小龙,等.三峡水库地震孕震机理及蓄水地震活动分析[J].防灾科技学院学报,2007,9(4):42-49.
[17]陈蜀俊,苏爱军,罗登贵.长江三峡水库诱发地震的成因类型[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004,24(2):70-73.
[18]陈德基,汪雍熙,曾新平.三峡工程水库诱发地震问题研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1513-1524.
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