核电厂边坡地震动力响应研究
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摘要
将大型、复杂条件核电厂边坡简化为含结构面的单自由面柱体模型和多自由面斜坡模型,研究地震波前处理和输入、人工透射边界设置,模拟简谐波和地震波的传播、反射、振荡和衰减规律,比较理论解和数值解的吻合性,采用强震记录分析边坡地震时程响应规律。研究表明:地震波在柱体模型的单自由面上产生放大效应和反射,在软弱夹层处产生反射和透射。约束边界反射地震波,设置黏滞吸收边界和自由场透射边界则有效消除反射现象。地震波在斜坡模型的斜面上产生多次自由面放大效应,且放大效应随着高程增大而增大。地震作用下各向异性斜坡的自由面放大效应较之各向同性斜坡强烈,软弱夹层处产生较大的相对滑移和永久变形,各向异性条件下更不利于边坡的抗震稳定。
The large and complicate slopes in nuclear power plants are simplified into cylinder model and slope model with free surfaces and structural planes,then the pretreatment and input of seismic wave,setting of dynamic artificial boundaries are studied.The seismic spread,reflection,oscillation and attenuation of designed simple harmonic wave and macroseism wave are simulated and verified by dynamic theory solution.Finally,the dynamic response of slope under macroseism wave is discussed by time-history dynamic analysis.The results showed that:The seismic wave has amplification effect and reflection on the free surface of slope,the weak structural plane leads to the reflection and transmission of the seismic wave.Constraint boundary gives rise to the reflection,while viscous absorption boundary and free-field boundary eliminate the reflection.The seismic wave would come into being several reflections on the slope face,and the amplification factor increases with the increasing elevation.The amplification effect of free surface of anisotropic slope is more intense than that of isotropic slope,which increases obviously on the weak structural plane.The relative slip and permanent deformation of anisotropic slope is greater than that of isotropic slope.Anisotropic condition is detrimental to the seismic stability of slope.
The large and complicate slopes in nuclear power plants are simplified into cylinder model and slope model with free surfaces and structural planes,then the pretreatment and input of seismic wave,setting of dynamic artificial boundaries are studied.The seismic spread,reflection,oscillation and attenuation of designed simple harmonic wave and macroseism wave are simulated and verified by dynamic theory solution.Finally,the dynamic response of slope under macroseism wave is discussed by time-history dynamic analysis.The results showed that:The seismic wave has amplification effect and reflection on the free surface of slope,the weak structural plane leads to the reflection and transmission of the seismic wave.Constraint boundary gives rise to the reflection,while viscous absorption boundary and free-field boundary eliminate the reflection.The seismic wave would come into being several reflections on the slope face,and the amplification factor increases with the increasing elevation.The amplification effect of free surface of anisotropic slope is more intense than that of isotropic slope,which increases obviously on the weak structural plane.The relative slip and permanent deformation of anisotropic slope is greater than that of isotropic slope.Anisotropic condition is detrimental to the seismic stability of slope.
引文
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[2]庄云,万波,谷晓曦,等.吉林核电站厂址边坡稳定性分析[J].辽宁师范大学学报:自然科学版,2001,24(2):196–198.(ZHUANG Yun,WAN Bo,GU Xiaoxi,et al.Basalt site slope stability analysis of the Jilin nuclear power station[J].Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science,2001,24(2):196–198.(in Chinese)
[3]苏生瑞,李同录,毛彦龙,等.连云港核电站高边坡稳定性评价与设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000;19(1):101–106.(SU Shengrui,LI Tonglu,MAO Yanlong,et al.The stability evaluation and design of the high slope at Lianyungang nuclear power station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000;19(1):101–106.(in Chinese))
[4]大崎顺彦.地震动的谱分析入门[M].2版.田琪译.北京:地震出版社,2008.(OHSAKI Y.Spectrum analysis of ground motions[M].2nd ed.Translated by TIAN Qi.Beijing:Earthquake Press,2008.(in Chinese))
[5]Itasca Consulting Group,Inc..Dynamic analysis of fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions[C]//User′s Manual.Minneapolis:Springfield,2002:1–140.
[6]LYSMER J,KUHLEMEYER R.Finite dynamic model for infinite media[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,ASCE,1969,95(4):859–878.
[7]祁生文.边坡动力响应分析及应用研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2002.(QI Shengwen.Study on dynamic responses of slopes and its application[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2002.(in Chinese))
[8]BATUGIN S A,NIRENBURG R K.Approximate relation between the elastic constants of anisotropic rocks and the anisotropy parameters[J].Journal of Mining Science,1972,8(1):7–12.
[9]DAVIS L L,LEWIS R W.Observed effects of topography on ground motion[J].Seismological Society of America,1973,63(1):283–298.
[10]徐光兴,姚令侃,高召宁,等.边坡动力特性与动力响应的大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(3):624–632.(XU Guangxing,YAO Lingkan,GAO Zhaoning,et al.Large-scale shaking table model test study on dynamic characteristics and dynamic responses of slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(3):624–632.(in Chinese))
[11]黄润秋.岩石高边坡发育的动力过程及其稳定性控制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(8):1–21.(HUANG Runqiu.Geodynamical process and stability control of high rock slope development[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(8):1–21.(in Chinese))
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