基于滑动面搜索新方法对地震作用下边坡稳定性拟静力分析
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摘要
采用一种适于任意曲线滑动面的新方法,对地震作用下边坡的稳定性进行拟静力分析。首先,通过算例对比分析验证新方法的可行性。然后,分别在地震竖直和水平加速度系数kv,kH变化时对边坡稳定性进行研究,在kH,kH与kv共同作用下对分层土坡的局部和整体稳定性进行探索,在土层参数变化时对边坡地震稳定性的影响进行分析,从而可得:(1)kH存在一个特殊值使kv的变化对边坡的稳定性影响很小;(2)当kH和kv的增大引起临界滑动面范围增大时,会导致边坡由局部稳定性变为整体稳定性,当kH和kv的增大引起滑动面下滑点上移时,会导致边坡由整体稳定性变为局部稳定性;(3)黏聚力c的变化对滑动面范围影响较大,其对安全系数的影响与地震强度有关;(4)不同土层参数时,kH对边坡稳定性的影响较kv大。
This article adopted a new method of searching for arbitrarily curve sliding surface and analyzed pseudo-static stability of slope under earthquake.First of all,the feasibility of this new method was verified by comparing and analyzing some examples.Then,through this article studied the affect on stability of slope with changes of the vertical seismic acceleration coefficient kH and the horizontal acceleration coefficient kv,explored the effect of kH,kH and kv acting on the local and general stability of layered slope,and analyzed the effects on stability of slope with changes of soil parameters.Some conclusions have been obtained:(1) There is a special value of kH that could make change of kv have little effect on stability of slope.(2) The scope of the calculated critical sliding surface becomes larger with the increases of kH and kv so that it makes the local stability of slope transform into the general stability of that;and at the same time,increases of kH and kv also cause the lowest point of sliding surface move up so that it makes the general stability of slope transform into the local stability of that.(3) Cohesion c has great effect on scope of sliding surface,and its effect on factor of safety is related with different seismic intensities.(4) With different soil parameters,kH has greater effect on stability of slope than kv.
This article adopted a new method of searching for arbitrarily curve sliding surface and analyzed pseudo-static stability of slope under earthquake.First of all,the feasibility of this new method was verified by comparing and analyzing some examples.Then,through this article studied the affect on stability of slope with changes of the vertical seismic acceleration coefficient kH and the horizontal acceleration coefficient kv,explored the effect of kH,kH and kv acting on the local and general stability of layered slope,and analyzed the effects on stability of slope with changes of soil parameters.Some conclusions have been obtained:(1) There is a special value of kH that could make change of kv have little effect on stability of slope.(2) The scope of the calculated critical sliding surface becomes larger with the increases of kH and kv so that it makes the local stability of slope transform into the general stability of that;and at the same time,increases of kH and kv also cause the lowest point of sliding surface move up so that it makes the general stability of slope transform into the local stability of that.(3) Cohesion c has great effect on scope of sliding surface,and its effect on factor of safety is related with different seismic intensities.(4) With different soil parameters,kH has greater effect on stability of slope than kv.
引文
[1]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1 714–1 723.(ZHENGYingren,YE Hailin,HUANG Runqiu.Analysis and discussion onfailure mechanism and failure surface of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(8):1 714–1 723.(in Chinese))
[2]范昭平,张丽华.地震作用下边坡稳定性分析[J].岩土工程技术,2010,24(1):32–35.(FAN Zhaoping,ZHANG Lihua.Analysis ofslope stability under earthquake[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2010,24(1):32–35.(in Chinese))
[3]CRESPELLANI T,MADIAI C,VANNUCHI G.Earthquakedestructiveness potential factor and slope stability[J].Geotechnique,1998,48(3):411–419.
[4]WRIGHT S G,RATHIE E M.Triggering mechanisms of slopeinstability and their relationship to earthquakes and tsunamis[J].Pureand Applied Geophysics,2004,160(11):l 865–1 877.
[5]HAVENTTH H B,VANINI M,JONGMANS D.Initiation ofearthquake-induced slope failure:influence of topographical and othersite specific amplification effects[J].Journa1 of Seismology,2003,7(3):397–412.
[6]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,等.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2 792–2 797.(QI Shengwen,WU Faquan,LIU Chunling,et a1.Engineering geology analysis ofstability of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(16):2 792–2 797.(in Chinese))
[7]CHEN T C,LIN M L,HUNG J J.Pseudo static analysis of Tsao—Ling rockslide caused by Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Engineering Geology,2004,71(1):31–47.
[8]BAKER R,SHUKHA R,OPERSTEIN V,et a1.Stability charts forpseudo-static slope stability analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering,2006,26(9):813–823.
[9]刘汉龙,费康,高玉峰.边坡地震稳定性时程分析方法[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):553–556.(LIUHanlong,FEIKang,GAOYufeng.Time history analysis method of slope seismic stability[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2003,24(4):553–556.(in Chinese))
[10]罗红明,唐辉明,胡斌,等.考虑地震力的刚体极限平衡法及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):3 590–3 595.(LUO Hongming,TANG Huiming,HU Bin,et al.Rigid limitequilibrium method considering seismic force and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Supp.1):3 590–3 595.(in Chinese))
[11]刘杰,李建林,张玉灯,等.基于拟静力法的大岗山坝肩边坡地震工况稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1 562–1 570.(LIU Jie,LI Jianlin,ZHANG Yudeng,et al.Stability analysisof Dagangshan dam abutment slope under earthquake based onpseudo-static method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2009,28(8):1 562–1 570.(in Chinese))
[12]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋,等.边坡地震稳定性分析探讨[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2):173–180.(ZHENG Yingren,YEHailin,HUANG Runqiu,et al.Study of the seismic stability analysisof a slope[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2010,30(2):173–180.(in Chinese))
[13]吴兆营,薄景山,刘红帅,等.岩体边坡地震稳定性动安全系数分析方法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2004,24(3):237–241.(WUZhaoying,BO Jingshan,LIU Hongshuai,et al.A method for evaluatingdynamic safety factor rock slope seismic stability analysis[J].Journal ofDisaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2004,24(3):237–241.(in Chinese))
[14]张国栋,刘学,金星,等.基于有限单元法的岩土边坡动力稳定分析及评价方法研究进展[J].工程力学,2008,25(增2):44–52.(ZHANG Guodong,LIU Xue,JIN Xing,et al.Research advanceson the seismic stability analysis and evaluation of rock-soil slopesbased finite element method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(Supp.2):44–52.(in Chinese))
[15]GUO M W,GE X R,WANG S L.Slope stability analysis underseismic load by vector sum analysis method[J].Journal of RockMechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2011,3(3):282–288.
[16]刘春玲,祁生文,童立强,等.利用FLAC分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2 730–2 733.(LIUChunling,QI Shengwen,TONG Liqiang,et al.Stability analysis ofslope under earthquake with FLAC[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2 730–2 733.(in Chinese))
[17]祁生文.边坡动力响应分析及应用研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2002:1–63.(QI Shengwen.Study on dynamic responses of slopes and its application[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,2002:1–63.(in Chinese))
[18]谭儒蛟,李明生,徐鹏逍,等.地震作用下边坡岩体动力稳定性数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增2):3 986–3 992.(TAN Rujiao,LI Mingsheng,XU Pengxiao,et al.Numericalsimulation of dynamic stability of slope rock mass under seismicloading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.2):3 986–3 992.(in Chinese))
[19]阮永芬,潘文,费维水,等.高填土路堤边坡地震稳定性静动力法比较分析[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(4):41–45.(RUANYongfen,PAN Wen,FEI Weishu,et al.Comparative analysis ofearthquake stability of high fill embankment by static and dynamicmethod[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research andDevelopment,2006,23(4):41–45.(in Chinese))
[20]陈昌凯,阮永芬,熊恩来.地震作用下边坡稳定的动力分析方法[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(7):1 054–1 057.(CHEN Changkai,RUAN Yongfen,XIONG Enlai.Dynamic analysis method of slopestability in earthquake function[J].Chinese Journal of UndergroundSpace and Engineering,2005,1(7):l 054–l 057.(in Chinese))
[21]汪小刚,张建红,赵毓芝,等.用离心模型研究岩石边坡的倾倒破坏[J].岩土工程学报,l996,18(5):14–21.(WANG Xiaogang,ZHANG Jianhong,ZHAO Yuzhi,et al.Investigations on mechanismof slope toppling failure by centrifuge model testing[J].ChineseJouma1 of Geotechnical Engineering,1996,18(5):14–21.(in Chinese))
[22]李维光,张继春.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡稳定性的拟静力分析[J].山地学报,2007,25(2):184–189.(LI Weiguang,ZHANG Jichun.Pseudo-static stability study on rock mass bedding s1ope underearthquake[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2007,25(2):184–189.(in Chinese))
[23]陈祖煜.土质边坡稳定性分析——原理、方法、程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003:87–119.(CHEN Zuyu.Soil slopestability analysis:principle,method,procedures[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2003:87–119.(in Chinese))
[24]邓东平,李亮,赵炼恒.基于Janbu法的边坡整体稳定性滑动面搜索新方法[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):891–898.(DENGDongping,LI Liang,ZHAO Lianheng.A new method of slidingsurface searching for general stability of slope based on Janbumethod[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):891–898.(inChinese))
[25]年廷凯.桩–土–边坡相互作用数值分析及阻滑桩简化设计方法研究[博士学位论文][D].大连:大连理工大学,2005:71–73.(NIANTingkai.A study of numerical analysis of pile-soil-slope interactionand simplified design procedure of stabilizing plies against landslide[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2005:71–73.(inChinese))
[26]HASSIOTIS S,CHAMEAU J L,GUNARATNE M.Design methodfor stabilization of slopes with piles[J].Journal of Geotechnical andGeoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,1997,123(4):314–323.
[27]罗强,赵炼恒,李亮,等.地震效应和坡顶超载对均质土坡稳定性影响的拟静力分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3 835–3 841.(LUO Qiang,ZHAO Lianheng,LI Liang,et al.Quasi-static stabilityanalysis of homogeneous soil slopes under effect of surcharge andearthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):3 835–3 841.(in Chinese))
[28]Rocscience Inc..Slide verification manual[R].Toronto:RocscienceInc.,2003.
[2]范昭平,张丽华.地震作用下边坡稳定性分析[J].岩土工程技术,2010,24(1):32–35.(FAN Zhaoping,ZHANG Lihua.Analysis ofslope stability under earthquake[J].Geotechnical Engineering Technique,2010,24(1):32–35.(in Chinese))
[3]CRESPELLANI T,MADIAI C,VANNUCHI G.Earthquakedestructiveness potential factor and slope stability[J].Geotechnique,1998,48(3):411–419.
[4]WRIGHT S G,RATHIE E M.Triggering mechanisms of slopeinstability and their relationship to earthquakes and tsunamis[J].Pureand Applied Geophysics,2004,160(11):l 865–1 877.
[5]HAVENTTH H B,VANINI M,JONGMANS D.Initiation ofearthquake-induced slope failure:influence of topographical and othersite specific amplification effects[J].Journa1 of Seismology,2003,7(3):397–412.
[6]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,等.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2 792–2 797.(QI Shengwen,WU Faquan,LIU Chunling,et a1.Engineering geology analysis ofstability of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2004,23(16):2 792–2 797.(in Chinese))
[7]CHEN T C,LIN M L,HUNG J J.Pseudo static analysis of Tsao—Ling rockslide caused by Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Engineering Geology,2004,71(1):31–47.
[8]BAKER R,SHUKHA R,OPERSTEIN V,et a1.Stability charts forpseudo-static slope stability analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering,2006,26(9):813–823.
[9]刘汉龙,费康,高玉峰.边坡地震稳定性时程分析方法[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):553–556.(LIUHanlong,FEIKang,GAOYufeng.Time history analysis method of slope seismic stability[J].Rock andSoil Mechanics,2003,24(4):553–556.(in Chinese))
[10]罗红明,唐辉明,胡斌,等.考虑地震力的刚体极限平衡法及其工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增1):3 590–3 595.(LUO Hongming,TANG Huiming,HU Bin,et al.Rigid limitequilibrium method considering seismic force and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Supp.1):3 590–3 595.(in Chinese))
[11]刘杰,李建林,张玉灯,等.基于拟静力法的大岗山坝肩边坡地震工况稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1 562–1 570.(LIU Jie,LI Jianlin,ZHANG Yudeng,et al.Stability analysisof Dagangshan dam abutment slope under earthquake based onpseudo-static method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2009,28(8):1 562–1 570.(in Chinese))
[12]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋,等.边坡地震稳定性分析探讨[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2):173–180.(ZHENG Yingren,YEHailin,HUANG Runqiu,et al.Study of the seismic stability analysisof a slope[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2010,30(2):173–180.(in Chinese))
[13]吴兆营,薄景山,刘红帅,等.岩体边坡地震稳定性动安全系数分析方法[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2004,24(3):237–241.(WUZhaoying,BO Jingshan,LIU Hongshuai,et al.A method for evaluatingdynamic safety factor rock slope seismic stability analysis[J].Journal ofDisaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2004,24(3):237–241.(in Chinese))
[14]张国栋,刘学,金星,等.基于有限单元法的岩土边坡动力稳定分析及评价方法研究进展[J].工程力学,2008,25(增2):44–52.(ZHANG Guodong,LIU Xue,JIN Xing,et al.Research advanceson the seismic stability analysis and evaluation of rock-soil slopesbased finite element method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(Supp.2):44–52.(in Chinese))
[15]GUO M W,GE X R,WANG S L.Slope stability analysis underseismic load by vector sum analysis method[J].Journal of RockMechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2011,3(3):282–288.
[16]刘春玲,祁生文,童立强,等.利用FLAC分析某边坡地震稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2 730–2 733.(LIUChunling,QI Shengwen,TONG Liqiang,et al.Stability analysis ofslope under earthquake with FLAC[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2 730–2 733.(in Chinese))
[17]祁生文.边坡动力响应分析及应用研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,2002:1–63.(QI Shengwen.Study on dynamic responses of slopes and its application[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geology and Geophysics,ChineseAcademy of Sciences,2002:1–63.(in Chinese))
[18]谭儒蛟,李明生,徐鹏逍,等.地震作用下边坡岩体动力稳定性数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(增2):3 986–3 992.(TAN Rujiao,LI Mingsheng,XU Pengxiao,et al.Numericalsimulation of dynamic stability of slope rock mass under seismicloading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(Supp.2):3 986–3 992.(in Chinese))
[19]阮永芬,潘文,费维水,等.高填土路堤边坡地震稳定性静动力法比较分析[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(4):41–45.(RUANYongfen,PAN Wen,FEI Weishu,et al.Comparative analysis ofearthquake stability of high fill embankment by static and dynamicmethod[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research andDevelopment,2006,23(4):41–45.(in Chinese))
[20]陈昌凯,阮永芬,熊恩来.地震作用下边坡稳定的动力分析方法[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(7):1 054–1 057.(CHEN Changkai,RUAN Yongfen,XIONG Enlai.Dynamic analysis method of slopestability in earthquake function[J].Chinese Journal of UndergroundSpace and Engineering,2005,1(7):l 054–l 057.(in Chinese))
[21]汪小刚,张建红,赵毓芝,等.用离心模型研究岩石边坡的倾倒破坏[J].岩土工程学报,l996,18(5):14–21.(WANG Xiaogang,ZHANG Jianhong,ZHAO Yuzhi,et al.Investigations on mechanismof slope toppling failure by centrifuge model testing[J].ChineseJouma1 of Geotechnical Engineering,1996,18(5):14–21.(in Chinese))
[22]李维光,张继春.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡稳定性的拟静力分析[J].山地学报,2007,25(2):184–189.(LI Weiguang,ZHANG Jichun.Pseudo-static stability study on rock mass bedding s1ope underearthquake[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2007,25(2):184–189.(in Chinese))
[23]陈祖煜.土质边坡稳定性分析——原理、方法、程序[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003:87–119.(CHEN Zuyu.Soil slopestability analysis:principle,method,procedures[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2003:87–119.(in Chinese))
[24]邓东平,李亮,赵炼恒.基于Janbu法的边坡整体稳定性滑动面搜索新方法[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):891–898.(DENGDongping,LI Liang,ZHAO Lianheng.A new method of slidingsurface searching for general stability of slope based on Janbumethod[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):891–898.(inChinese))
[25]年廷凯.桩–土–边坡相互作用数值分析及阻滑桩简化设计方法研究[博士学位论文][D].大连:大连理工大学,2005:71–73.(NIANTingkai.A study of numerical analysis of pile-soil-slope interactionand simplified design procedure of stabilizing plies against landslide[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2005:71–73.(inChinese))
[26]HASSIOTIS S,CHAMEAU J L,GUNARATNE M.Design methodfor stabilization of slopes with piles[J].Journal of Geotechnical andGeoenvironmental Engineering,ASCE,1997,123(4):314–323.
[27]罗强,赵炼恒,李亮,等.地震效应和坡顶超载对均质土坡稳定性影响的拟静力分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3 835–3 841.(LUO Qiang,ZHAO Lianheng,LI Liang,et al.Quasi-static stabilityanalysis of homogeneous soil slopes under effect of surcharge andearthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):3 835–3 841.(in Chinese))
[28]Rocscience Inc..Slide verification manual[R].Toronto:RocscienceInc.,2003.
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