汶川地震钢筋混凝土框架震害及震后修复建议
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摘要
介绍了汶川大地震中几座典型钢筋混凝土框架结构的震害,重点总结了框架结构中梁、柱、节点以及楼梯间的震害情况,发现除较为常见的梁柱弯曲破坏、剪切破坏、弯剪破坏以及框架节点的破坏外,框架梁柱中的粘结破坏、施工缝处的破坏及楼梯间破坏也较为严重。部分新建结构尚未完工也遭到严重破坏,且表现为"强梁弱柱""强构件弱节点"的破坏形态。总结了国内外对损坏的钢筋混凝土框架结构进行震后修复和加固的研究进展,并对汶川地震后结构的震后修复和抗震加固工作提出了建议,强调应从结构整体角度进行震后修复和加固工作,考虑各种修复方案的优点和不足,重视结构整体和构件的相互关系,避免修复后的结构出现刚度不均,并注重形成多道抗震防线。
Some typical RC frames damaged during the Wenchuan earthquake were introduced,with emphasis on the damage to RC beams,columns,beam-column joints and stair wells.It is concluded that except for flexural,shear,flexural-shear damage to RC beams,columns and beam-column joints,longitudinal steel bond damage,construction joint damage and stair well damage are also found in many RC frames.Some new RC frames,even unfinished,were severely damaged,and much of them appeared "strong beam and weak column","strong member and weak joint" failure modes.Previous study on the repair and strengthening of damaged RC frames were summarized.Some key problems and suggestions for past-earthquake rehabilitation of the damaged RC frames,such as the overall aseismic capacity of the building,the merit and fault of each repair technique,the relationship between structure and members,imbalance of structure rigidity,multi-defense lines for earthquake resistance were introduced and more attention should be paid in the future design.
Some typical RC frames damaged during the Wenchuan earthquake were introduced,with emphasis on the damage to RC beams,columns,beam-column joints and stair wells.It is concluded that except for flexural,shear,flexural-shear damage to RC beams,columns and beam-column joints,longitudinal steel bond damage,construction joint damage and stair well damage are also found in many RC frames.Some new RC frames,even unfinished,were severely damaged,and much of them appeared "strong beam and weak column","strong member and weak joint" failure modes.Previous study on the repair and strengthening of damaged RC frames were summarized.Some key problems and suggestions for past-earthquake rehabilitation of the damaged RC frames,such as the overall aseismic capacity of the building,the merit and fault of each repair technique,the relationship between structure and members,imbalance of structure rigidity,multi-defense lines for earthquake resistance were introduced and more attention should be paid in the future design.
引文
[1]GB 50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].
[2]Pinkham C W.A review of the repair of two concrete buildings damaged by the San Fernando earthquake[J].ACI Journal,1973,70(3):237-241.
[3]Foutch D A,Hjelmstad K D,Calderón E D V,et al.The Mexico earthquake of September 19,1985-Case studies of seismic strengthening fortwo buildings in Mexico city[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):153-174.
[4]Mitchell D,Dandurand A.Repair and upgrading of concrete structures in Mexico City after the 1985 earthquake[J].Canadian Journal of CivilEngineering,1988,15(6):1052-1066.
[5]Jara M,Hernóndez C,García R,et al.The Mexico earthquake of September 19,1985-Typical cases of repair and strengthening of concretebuildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):175-193.
[6]Aguilar J,Juórez H,Ortega R,et al.The Mexico earthquake of September 19,1985-Statistics of damage and of retrofitting techniques in rein-forced concrete buildings affected by the 1985 earthquake[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):145-151.
[7]Fukuyama H,Sugano S.Japanese seismic rehabilitation of concrete buildings after the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake[J].Cement&ConcreteComposites,2000,22(1):59-79.
[8]Fukuyama K,Higashibata Y,Miyauchi Y.Studies on repair and strengthening methods of damaged reinforced concrete columns[J].Cement&Concrete Coposites,2000,22(1):81-88.
[9]吴波,李惠,林立岩,等.东北某政府大楼采用摩擦阻尼器进行抗震加固的研究[J].建筑结构学报,1998,19(5):28-36.
[10]李宏男,李钢,李中军,等.钢筋混凝土框架结构利用“双功能”软钢阻尼器的抗震设计[J].建筑结构学报,2007,28(4):36-43.
[11]Stoppenhagen D R,Jirs J O,Wyllie L A.Seismic repair and strengthening of a severely damaged concrete frame[J].ACI Structural Journal,1995,92(2):177-187.
[12]欧进萍,李洪泉,邱法维,等.采用耗能减震装置修复震后有损伤钢筋混凝土框架的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,16(1):30-38.
[13]李洪泉,吕西林.钢筋混凝土框架地震损伤识别与采用耗能装置修复的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(3):9-14
[14]Li Y F,Lin Y J,Chen C W,et al.Theoretical and experimental studies on repaired and rehabilitated reinforced concrete frames[J].CanadianJournal of Civil Engineering,2007,34(8):923-933.
[15]Canbay E,Ersoy U,Ozcebe G.Contribution of reinforced concrete infills to seismic behavior of structural systems[J].ACI Structural Journal,2003,100(5):637-643.
[16]Sonuvar M O,Ozcebe G,Ersoy U.Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete frames with reinforced concrete infills[J].ACI Structural Journal,2004,101(4):494-500.
[17]Altin S,Anil O,Kara ME.Strengthening of RC frames with RC infills:An experimental study[J].Cement&Concrete Composites,2008,30(7):612-621.
[18]Rodriguez M,Park R.Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings for seismic resistance[J].Earthquake Spectra,1991,7(3):439-459.
[19]Engindeniz M,Kahn L F,Zureick A H.Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete beam-column joints:State of the art[J].ACI Struc-tural Journal,2005,102(2):1-14.
[20]戴君武.汶川8.0级地震震后恢复重建隔震技术应用建议[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(5):1-4.
[21]孙治国,司炳君,王东升,等.钢筋混凝土桥墩震后修复技术研究综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(5):128-132.
[22]叶列平,曲哲,陆新征,等.提高建筑结构抗地震倒塌能力的设计思想与方法[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):42-50.
[23]王亚勇.汶川地震建筑震害启示-抗震概念设计[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):20-25.
[24]李宏男,肖诗云,霍林生.汶川地震震害调查与启示[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):10-19.
[2]Pinkham C W.A review of the repair of two concrete buildings damaged by the San Fernando earthquake[J].ACI Journal,1973,70(3):237-241.
[3]Foutch D A,Hjelmstad K D,Calderón E D V,et al.The Mexico earthquake of September 19,1985-Case studies of seismic strengthening fortwo buildings in Mexico city[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):153-174.
[4]Mitchell D,Dandurand A.Repair and upgrading of concrete structures in Mexico City after the 1985 earthquake[J].Canadian Journal of CivilEngineering,1988,15(6):1052-1066.
[5]Jara M,Hernóndez C,García R,et al.The Mexico earthquake of September 19,1985-Typical cases of repair and strengthening of concretebuildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):175-193.
[6]Aguilar J,Juórez H,Ortega R,et al.The Mexico earthquake of September 19,1985-Statistics of damage and of retrofitting techniques in rein-forced concrete buildings affected by the 1985 earthquake[J].Earthquake Spectra,1989,5(1):145-151.
[7]Fukuyama H,Sugano S.Japanese seismic rehabilitation of concrete buildings after the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake[J].Cement&ConcreteComposites,2000,22(1):59-79.
[8]Fukuyama K,Higashibata Y,Miyauchi Y.Studies on repair and strengthening methods of damaged reinforced concrete columns[J].Cement&Concrete Coposites,2000,22(1):81-88.
[9]吴波,李惠,林立岩,等.东北某政府大楼采用摩擦阻尼器进行抗震加固的研究[J].建筑结构学报,1998,19(5):28-36.
[10]李宏男,李钢,李中军,等.钢筋混凝土框架结构利用“双功能”软钢阻尼器的抗震设计[J].建筑结构学报,2007,28(4):36-43.
[11]Stoppenhagen D R,Jirs J O,Wyllie L A.Seismic repair and strengthening of a severely damaged concrete frame[J].ACI Structural Journal,1995,92(2):177-187.
[12]欧进萍,李洪泉,邱法维,等.采用耗能减震装置修复震后有损伤钢筋混凝土框架的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,16(1):30-38.
[13]李洪泉,吕西林.钢筋混凝土框架地震损伤识别与采用耗能装置修复的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2001,22(3):9-14
[14]Li Y F,Lin Y J,Chen C W,et al.Theoretical and experimental studies on repaired and rehabilitated reinforced concrete frames[J].CanadianJournal of Civil Engineering,2007,34(8):923-933.
[15]Canbay E,Ersoy U,Ozcebe G.Contribution of reinforced concrete infills to seismic behavior of structural systems[J].ACI Structural Journal,2003,100(5):637-643.
[16]Sonuvar M O,Ozcebe G,Ersoy U.Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete frames with reinforced concrete infills[J].ACI Structural Journal,2004,101(4):494-500.
[17]Altin S,Anil O,Kara ME.Strengthening of RC frames with RC infills:An experimental study[J].Cement&Concrete Composites,2008,30(7):612-621.
[18]Rodriguez M,Park R.Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete buildings for seismic resistance[J].Earthquake Spectra,1991,7(3):439-459.
[19]Engindeniz M,Kahn L F,Zureick A H.Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete beam-column joints:State of the art[J].ACI Struc-tural Journal,2005,102(2):1-14.
[20]戴君武.汶川8.0级地震震后恢复重建隔震技术应用建议[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(5):1-4.
[21]孙治国,司炳君,王东升,等.钢筋混凝土桥墩震后修复技术研究综述[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(5):128-132.
[22]叶列平,曲哲,陆新征,等.提高建筑结构抗地震倒塌能力的设计思想与方法[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):42-50.
[23]王亚勇.汶川地震建筑震害启示-抗震概念设计[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):20-25.
[24]李宏男,肖诗云,霍林生.汶川地震震害调查与启示[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):10-19.
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