基于Hilbert谱白化的高分辨率地震资料处理
|
摘要
为了克服常规谱白化方法无法同时增强时域和频域局部细节的不足,提出了一种对地震信号的Hilbert谱进行谱白化的高分辨率增强方法。首先利用Hilbert-Huang变换对地震信号进行时频分解,再通过白化滤波器对其Hilbert谱进行谱白化。使用合成和实际地震数据与常规谱白化方法进行对比,结果表明,此方法能够有效增强地震信号时域和频域的分辨率,使地震剖面更为连续和清晰,并具有较高的信噪比。
Conventional spectral whitening method cannot improve the detailed information of both time domain and frequency domain at the same time,to amend this problem,a novel method was proposed to improve the resolution of seismic signal by whitening its Hilbert spectral.This method decomposed the signal in time-frequency domain by the Hilbert-Huang transformation,and then applied the whitening filter to its Hilbert spectral.After comparing this new method with conventional method by applying them to synthetic seismic data and real seismic data,the results show that the new method can improve the resolution of signals both in time and frequency domains effectively while keeping a high S/N ratio,and improve the continuity of events in seismic profile.
Conventional spectral whitening method cannot improve the detailed information of both time domain and frequency domain at the same time,to amend this problem,a novel method was proposed to improve the resolution of seismic signal by whitening its Hilbert spectral.This method decomposed the signal in time-frequency domain by the Hilbert-Huang transformation,and then applied the whitening filter to its Hilbert spectral.After comparing this new method with conventional method by applying them to synthetic seismic data and real seismic data,the results show that the new method can improve the resolution of signals both in time and frequency domains effectively while keeping a high S/N ratio,and improve the continuity of events in seismic profile.
引文
[1]王赟,邢春颖.地震资料处理解释的分辨机理初探[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):35-39.Wang Yun,Xing Chunying.The principle study of the seismic reso-lution in seismic data processing and interpretation[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2001,26(1):35-39.
[2]霍全明,汪洋,赵克荣.高分辨率地震勘探数据采集及其影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(2):117-121.Huo Quanming,Wang Yang,Zhao Kerong.Analysis on high-resolu-tion seismic data acquisition and its effect factors[J].Journal of Chi-na Coal Society,2001,26(2):117-121.
[3]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:92-93.
[4]高静怀,朱光明,汪文秉,等.小波变换与地震资料谱白化[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997,25(3):44-49.Gao Jinghuai,Zhu Guangming,Wang Wenbing,et al.Wavelet trans-form and spectrum whitening of seismogram[J].Coal Geology andExploration,1997,25(3):44-49.
[5]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,等.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896-901.Lu Wenkai,Ding Wenlong,Zhang Shanwen,et al.A high resolutionprocessing technique for 3D seismic data based on signal sub-spacedecomposition[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(4):896-901.
[6]Huang N E,Zheng S,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode decompo-sition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary timeseries analyses[J].Proc.R.Soc.Lond,1998,454:903-995.
[7]Battista B M,Knapp C,McGee T,et al.Application of the empiricalmode decomposition and Hilbert-Huang transform to seismic reflec-tion data[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):H29-H37.
[8]武安绪,吴培稚,兰从欣,等.Hilber-Huang变换与地震信号的时频分析[J].中国地震,2005,21(2):207-215.Wu Anxu,Wu Peizhi,Lan Congxin,et al.Hilbert-Huang transformand time-frequency analysis of seismic signal[J].Earthquake Re-search in China,2005,21(2):207-215.
[9]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,等.几种时频分析方法的比较[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1180-1185.Chen Yuhong,Yang Changchun,Cao Qifang,et al.The comparisonof some time-frequency analysis methods[J].Progress in Geophys-ics,2006,21(4):1180-1185.
[10]杨培杰,印兴耀,张广智,等.希尔伯特-黄变换地震信号时频分析与属性提取[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1585-1590.Yang Peijie,Yin Xingyao,Zhang Guangzhi,et al.Seismic signaltime-frequency analysis and attributes extraction based on HHT[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(5):1585-1590.
[11]皮红梅,刘财,王典.利用Hilbert-Huang变换提取地震信号瞬时参数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):418-424.Pi Hongmei,Liu Cai,Wang Dian.Using Hilbert-Huang transform topick up instantaneous parameters of seismic signal[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(4):418-424.
[12]Flandrin P,Rilling G,Goncalves P,et al.Empirical mode decompo-sition as a filter bank[J].IEEE Signal Processing Letters,2004,11(2):112-114.
[13]Bekara M,Baan M.Rando and coherent noise attenuation by empir-ical mode decomposition[J].Geophysics,2009,74(5):89-97.
[14]刘庆敏,杨五阳,田连玉,等.希尔伯特-黄变换在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):333-336.Liu Qingmin,Yang Wuyang,Tian Lianyu,et al.Application of Hil-bert-Huang transformation to noise elimination of seismic data[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(3):333-336.
[15]张艳丽,张守祥.基于Hilbert-Huang变换的煤矸声波信号分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):165-168.Zhang Yanli,Zhang Shouxiang.Analysis of coal and gangue acous-tic signals based on Hilbert-Huang transformation[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(1):165-168.
[2]霍全明,汪洋,赵克荣.高分辨率地震勘探数据采集及其影响因素分析[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(2):117-121.Huo Quanming,Wang Yang,Zhao Kerong.Analysis on high-resolu-tion seismic data acquisition and its effect factors[J].Journal of Chi-na Coal Society,2001,26(2):117-121.
[3]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:92-93.
[4]高静怀,朱光明,汪文秉,等.小波变换与地震资料谱白化[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997,25(3):44-49.Gao Jinghuai,Zhu Guangming,Wang Wenbing,et al.Wavelet trans-form and spectrum whitening of seismogram[J].Coal Geology andExploration,1997,25(3):44-49.
[5]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,等.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896-901.Lu Wenkai,Ding Wenlong,Zhang Shanwen,et al.A high resolutionprocessing technique for 3D seismic data based on signal sub-spacedecomposition[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2005,48(4):896-901.
[6]Huang N E,Zheng S,Long S R,et al.The empirical mode decompo-sition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary timeseries analyses[J].Proc.R.Soc.Lond,1998,454:903-995.
[7]Battista B M,Knapp C,McGee T,et al.Application of the empiricalmode decomposition and Hilbert-Huang transform to seismic reflec-tion data[J].Geophysics,2007,72(2):H29-H37.
[8]武安绪,吴培稚,兰从欣,等.Hilber-Huang变换与地震信号的时频分析[J].中国地震,2005,21(2):207-215.Wu Anxu,Wu Peizhi,Lan Congxin,et al.Hilbert-Huang transformand time-frequency analysis of seismic signal[J].Earthquake Re-search in China,2005,21(2):207-215.
[9]陈雨红,杨长春,曹齐放,等.几种时频分析方法的比较[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1180-1185.Chen Yuhong,Yang Changchun,Cao Qifang,et al.The comparisonof some time-frequency analysis methods[J].Progress in Geophys-ics,2006,21(4):1180-1185.
[10]杨培杰,印兴耀,张广智,等.希尔伯特-黄变换地震信号时频分析与属性提取[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(5):1585-1590.Yang Peijie,Yin Xingyao,Zhang Guangzhi,et al.Seismic signaltime-frequency analysis and attributes extraction based on HHT[J].Progress in Geophysics,2007,22(5):1585-1590.
[11]皮红梅,刘财,王典.利用Hilbert-Huang变换提取地震信号瞬时参数[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):418-424.Pi Hongmei,Liu Cai,Wang Dian.Using Hilbert-Huang transform topick up instantaneous parameters of seismic signal[J].Oil Geo-physical Prospecting,2007,42(4):418-424.
[12]Flandrin P,Rilling G,Goncalves P,et al.Empirical mode decompo-sition as a filter bank[J].IEEE Signal Processing Letters,2004,11(2):112-114.
[13]Bekara M,Baan M.Rando and coherent noise attenuation by empir-ical mode decomposition[J].Geophysics,2009,74(5):89-97.
[14]刘庆敏,杨五阳,田连玉,等.希尔伯特-黄变换在地震资料去噪中的应用[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(3):333-336.Liu Qingmin,Yang Wuyang,Tian Lianyu,et al.Application of Hil-bert-Huang transformation to noise elimination of seismic data[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(3):333-336.
[15]张艳丽,张守祥.基于Hilbert-Huang变换的煤矸声波信号分析[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):165-168.Zhang Yanli,Zhang Shouxiang.Analysis of coal and gangue acous-tic signals based on Hilbert-Huang transformation[J].Journal ofChina Coal Society,2010,35(1):165-168.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心