基于磁流变阻尼器的半刚性悬挂结构体系避震机理及地震响应分析
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摘要
提出一种新型建筑结构体系——半刚性悬挂结构体系,并在该体系中合理设置磁流变阻尼器。阐述了该体系的基本组成和计算模型,推导了其运动方程和动力响应函数。通过时域内输入El Centro波、Taft波以及天津波,验证了该体系具有良好的减振避震性能。根据随机振动理论,推导了体系的随机振动响应表达式;以主体核筒顶点位移和半刚性层的层间位移为目标函数,对体系中影响结构动力响应的磁流变阻尼器输入电压进行参数分析。计算结果表明:该体系能够有效减小地震响应,半刚性层层间位移较大,主体结构顶点位移和悬挂楼层层间位移较小;对于该文给定的算例,输入电压存在最优值,最优值约为16V;当磁流变阻尼器输入电压为最优值时,主体结构动力响应和半刚性层层间位移均可得到很好的控制,结构达到最佳避震效果。
A novel building structure system, namely semi-rigid suspended structures, is put forward in thispaper. Magnetorheological fluid dampers (MRFD) are properly designed in systems. The basic composition andcalculation model for the structure system are described. And the motion equations and dynamic responsefunction are also derived. The E1 Centro, Taft and Tianjin earthquake waves are used to calculate the dynamiccharacteristics in the time domain, of which the vibration reduction and earthquake avoidance performance areproved satisfactory. Based on the random vibration theory, random seismic responses of the structure are derived.Taking the top floor displacement of the primary core-tube structure and the inter-story displacement of thesemi-rigid story as an objective function, the structural parameter optimization analysis for the input voltage ofMRFD are performed with MATLAB. The results show that the seismic responses of this novel structure can be reduced effectively, with relatively larger inter-storey displacements in the semi-rigid stories and relativelysmaller inter-story displacements in the top floor displacement of a primary structure and in the suspended stories.For the calculation example in this paper, the optimal value of the input voltage of MRFD is 16V. When the inputvoltage of MRFD is optimal value, the seismic responses of the primary structure and the inter-story displacementof a semi-rigid story can be well controlled, and the earthquake avoidance performance of the structure is improveobviously.
A novel building structure system, namely semi-rigid suspended structures, is put forward in thispaper. Magnetorheological fluid dampers (MRFD) are properly designed in systems. The basic composition andcalculation model for the structure system are described. And the motion equations and dynamic responsefunction are also derived. The E1 Centro, Taft and Tianjin earthquake waves are used to calculate the dynamiccharacteristics in the time domain, of which the vibration reduction and earthquake avoidance performance areproved satisfactory. Based on the random vibration theory, random seismic responses of the structure are derived.Taking the top floor displacement of the primary core-tube structure and the inter-story displacement of thesemi-rigid story as an objective function, the structural parameter optimization analysis for the input voltage ofMRFD are performed with MATLAB. The results show that the seismic responses of this novel structure can be reduced effectively, with relatively larger inter-storey displacements in the semi-rigid stories and relativelysmaller inter-story displacements in the top floor displacement of a primary structure and in the suspended stories.For the calculation example in this paper, the optimal value of the input voltage of MRFD is 16V. When the inputvoltage of MRFD is optimal value, the seismic responses of the primary structure and the inter-story displacementof a semi-rigid story can be well controlled, and the earthquake avoidance performance of the structure is improveobviously.
引文
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[4]涂永明,张继文,吕志涛,张涛涛,周进.悬挂建筑结构动力参数优化及地震响应分析[J].建筑结构,2008,38(12):46-49.Tu Yongming, Zhang Jiwen, L(?) Zhitao, Zhang Taotao,Zhou Jin. Dynamic parameter optimization and seismic response analysis of suspended building structure [J].Building Structure, 2008, 38(12): 46—49. (in Chinese)
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[7]Linda Hsu.Munich的BMW大楼[OL].http://www.flickr.com/photos/64008109@N00/3693595840. 2009-07-06.
[8]Emporis.com. The qube [OL]. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=image&id=114890. 2009-07-06.
[9]Housner G W, Bergman L A, Caughey T K, ChassiakosA G, Claus R O, Masri S F, Skelton R E, Soong T T, Spencer B F, Yao J T P. Structural Control: Past, Present, and Future [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1997,123(9):897-971.
[10]徐赵东,李爱群,程文瀼,叶继红.磁流变阻尼器带质量元素的温度唯象模型[J].工程力学,2005,22(2):144-148.Xu Zhaodong, Li Aiqun, Cheng Wenrang, Ye Jihong. Atemperature phenomenological model with mass element of magnetorheological damper [J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2005, 22(2): 144—148. (in Chinese)
[11]丁阳,张路,李忠献.阻尼力双向调节磁流变阻尼器的结构设计与性能预估[J].工程力学,2009,26(5):73-79.Ding Yang, Zhang Lu, Li Zhongxian. Structural design and performance prediction of MR damper with bidirectional adjusting damping force [J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2009, 26(5): 73—79. (in Chinese)
[12]欧进萍,关新春.磁流变耗能器性能的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(4):76-81.Ou Jinping, Guan Xinchun. Experimental study ofmagnetorheological damper performance [J]. EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration, 1999, 19(4):76—81. (in Chinese)
[13]李宏男,杨浩.多维地震作用下偏心结构的磁流变阻尼器半主动控制[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):167-174.Li Hongnan, Yang Hao. Semi-active control of eccentric structure under multi-dimensional earthquake using MR damper [J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2004, 24(3): 167—174. (in Chinese)
[14]徐伟良,郑廷银.半刚性连接高层钢框架P-A效应分析的简化方法[J].工程力学,2009,26(7):66-71.Xu Weiliang, Zheng Tingyin. A simplified P-△ effectsanalysis approach for tallbuilding steel frames withsemi-rigid connections [J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2009,26(7): 66—71. (in Chinese)
[15]沃尔夫冈·许勒尔.竖向建筑结构手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:465-466.Wolfgang Schueller. Vertical building structure [M].Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2002,465—466. (in Chinese)
[16]Yang G Q, Spencer Jr B F, Jung H J, Carlson J D.Dynamic modeling of large-scale magnetorheological damper systems for civil engineering applications [J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2004, 130(9): 1107-1114.
[17]杨广强,Spencer Jr B F,Carlson J D,Sain M K.足尺磁流变阻尼器的建模及动态特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):8-23.Yang Guangqiang, Spencer Jr B F, Carlson J D, Sain M K. Large-scale MR fluid dampers: modeling, and dynamic performance considerations [J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2001, 21(4): 8-23. (in Chinese)
[18] Spencer Jr B F, Dyke S J, Sain M K, Carlson J D.Phenomenological model for magnetorheological dampers [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1997,123(3): 230—238.
[19]王修勇,陈政清,高赞明,倪一清.磁流变阻尼器对斜拉索振动控制研究[J].工程力学,2002,19(6):22-28,48.Wang Xiuyong, Chen Zhengqing, Ko Janming, NiYiqing. Study of mitigating vibration on stay cablesusing magneto-rheological (MR) damper [J].Engineering Mechanics, 2002, 19(6): 22—28, 48. (inChinese)
[20]周坚,伍孝波.核筒悬挂结构体系自振特性研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(1):75-81,74.Zhou Jian, Wu Xiaobo. A study of model-frequency behavior of core-wall suspension structures [J].Engineering Mechanics, 2005, 22(1): 75—81, 74. (inChinese)
[21]涂永明.CFRP索悬挂建筑结构静力和动力分析及研究[D].南京:东南大学,2005.Tu Yongrning. Study on the static and dynamic mechanisms of CFRP cable suspended building structures [D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2005. (in Chinese)
[22]Clough R W, Penzien J. Dynamics of structures [M]. New York: McGraw-Hill， 1975: 285—295.
[2]Lan Z J, Tian Y J, Fang L, Liang S T,Wang X D. An experimental study on seismic responses of multifunctional vibration-absorption reinforced concrete mega-frame structures [J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 2004, 33(1): 1—14.
[3]曹万林,卢智成,张建伟,常卫华,赵长军.核心筒部分悬挂结构振动台试验及分析[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(3):40-44.Cao Wanlin, Lu Zhicheng, Zhang Jianwei, ChangWeihua, Zhao Changjun. Shaking table test and analysisof core-tube partial suspension structures [J]. China CivilEngineering Journal, 2007, 40(3): 40—44. (in Chinese)
[4]涂永明,张继文,吕志涛,张涛涛,周进.悬挂建筑结构动力参数优化及地震响应分析[J].建筑结构,2008,38(12):46-49.Tu Yongming, Zhang Jiwen, L(?) Zhitao, Zhang Taotao,Zhou Jin. Dynamic parameter optimization and seismic response analysis of suspended building structure [J].Building Structure, 2008, 38(12): 46—49. (in Chinese)
[5]王肇民,邓洪洲,董军.高层巨型框架悬挂结构体系抗震性能研究[J].建筑结构学报,1999,20(1):23-30.Wang Zhaomin, Deng Hongzhou, Dong Jun. A study ofaseismic properties of huge frame suspended structure intall buildings [J]. Journal of Building Structures, 1999,20(1): 23—30. (in Chinese)
[6]邓志恒,秦荣.巨型框筒部分悬挂结构控制体系地震反应特性及阻尼控制研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):133-138.Deng Zhiheng, Qin Rong. Study on characteristics of seismic response and damping control for mega-frame tube with partial suspension systems [J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2002, 22(4):133—138. (in Chinese)
[7]Linda Hsu.Munich的BMW大楼[OL].http://www.flickr.com/photos/64008109@N00/3693595840. 2009-07-06.
[8]Emporis.com. The qube [OL]. http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=image&id=114890. 2009-07-06.
[9]Housner G W, Bergman L A, Caughey T K, ChassiakosA G, Claus R O, Masri S F, Skelton R E, Soong T T, Spencer B F, Yao J T P. Structural Control: Past, Present, and Future [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1997,123(9):897-971.
[10]徐赵东,李爱群,程文瀼,叶继红.磁流变阻尼器带质量元素的温度唯象模型[J].工程力学,2005,22(2):144-148.Xu Zhaodong, Li Aiqun, Cheng Wenrang, Ye Jihong. Atemperature phenomenological model with mass element of magnetorheological damper [J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2005, 22(2): 144—148. (in Chinese)
[11]丁阳,张路,李忠献.阻尼力双向调节磁流变阻尼器的结构设计与性能预估[J].工程力学,2009,26(5):73-79.Ding Yang, Zhang Lu, Li Zhongxian. Structural design and performance prediction of MR damper with bidirectional adjusting damping force [J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2009, 26(5): 73—79. (in Chinese)
[12]欧进萍,关新春.磁流变耗能器性能的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(4):76-81.Ou Jinping, Guan Xinchun. Experimental study ofmagnetorheological damper performance [J]. EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration, 1999, 19(4):76—81. (in Chinese)
[13]李宏男,杨浩.多维地震作用下偏心结构的磁流变阻尼器半主动控制[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):167-174.Li Hongnan, Yang Hao. Semi-active control of eccentric structure under multi-dimensional earthquake using MR damper [J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2004, 24(3): 167—174. (in Chinese)
[14]徐伟良,郑廷银.半刚性连接高层钢框架P-A效应分析的简化方法[J].工程力学,2009,26(7):66-71.Xu Weiliang, Zheng Tingyin. A simplified P-△ effectsanalysis approach for tallbuilding steel frames withsemi-rigid connections [J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2009,26(7): 66—71. (in Chinese)
[15]沃尔夫冈·许勒尔.竖向建筑结构手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002:465-466.Wolfgang Schueller. Vertical building structure [M].Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2002,465—466. (in Chinese)
[16]Yang G Q, Spencer Jr B F, Jung H J, Carlson J D.Dynamic modeling of large-scale magnetorheological damper systems for civil engineering applications [J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2004, 130(9): 1107-1114.
[17]杨广强,Spencer Jr B F,Carlson J D,Sain M K.足尺磁流变阻尼器的建模及动态特性[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(4):8-23.Yang Guangqiang, Spencer Jr B F, Carlson J D, Sain M K. Large-scale MR fluid dampers: modeling, and dynamic performance considerations [J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2001, 21(4): 8-23. (in Chinese)
[18] Spencer Jr B F, Dyke S J, Sain M K, Carlson J D.Phenomenological model for magnetorheological dampers [J]. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1997,123(3): 230—238.
[19]王修勇,陈政清,高赞明,倪一清.磁流变阻尼器对斜拉索振动控制研究[J].工程力学,2002,19(6):22-28,48.Wang Xiuyong, Chen Zhengqing, Ko Janming, NiYiqing. Study of mitigating vibration on stay cablesusing magneto-rheological (MR) damper [J].Engineering Mechanics, 2002, 19(6): 22—28, 48. (inChinese)
[20]周坚,伍孝波.核筒悬挂结构体系自振特性研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(1):75-81,74.Zhou Jian, Wu Xiaobo. A study of model-frequency behavior of core-wall suspension structures [J].Engineering Mechanics, 2005, 22(1): 75—81, 74. (inChinese)
[21]涂永明.CFRP索悬挂建筑结构静力和动力分析及研究[D].南京:东南大学,2005.Tu Yongrning. Study on the static and dynamic mechanisms of CFRP cable suspended building structures [D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2005. (in Chinese)
[22]Clough R W, Penzien J. Dynamics of structures [M]. New York: McGraw-Hill， 1975: 285—295.
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