地震作用下挡土墙主动土压力及转动位移分析
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摘要
分析地震引起的挡土墙位移及墙后土压力,对于评估挡土墙可靠性具有重要意义。基于拟动力法,考虑时效、地震波传播的相位差、超载、墙背摩擦角、填土黏聚力以及填土开裂等影响,建立地震作用下挡土墙主动土压力计算模型,获得挡土墙绕墙趾转动模式下主动土压力大小、分布形式及作用点高度。同时,考虑挡土墙本身受地震荷载作用的影响,求出挡土墙绕墙趾的转动位移。通过与Mononobe-Okabe法对比可知,文中获得的主动土压力值与Mononobe-Okabe法接近,但Mononobe-Okabe法低估了主动土压力作用点高度,表明采用Mononobe-Okabe法设计存在风险。通过算例分析了地震系数、墙背摩擦系数、超载大小、时间、填土黏聚力和内摩擦角对挡土墙转动位移的影响。
It is significant for the reliability assessment of retaining wall to analyze the displacement and earth pressure induced by earthquake.Based on the pseudo dynamic method,a new model is proposed to compute the active earth pressure.The proposed model considers time effects,phase difference of wave spread,overload friction on the back of retaining wall,cohesion and internal frictional angle of backfill soil.Then,the active earth pressure,distribution pattern and height of action point are obtained.Meanwhile,taking the seismic response of retaining wall,the rotational displacement about the toe of retaining wall is determined.Comparison between the Mononobe-Okabe method and present model is carried out.The results show that the active earth pressure obtained by present model is similar to the Mononobe-Okabe method.But the height of action point obtained by Mononobe-Okabe method is lower than present model;this revealed that seismic engineering design by using Mononobe-Okabe method may be led to risk.Finally,the dependence of the rotational displacement of retaining wall on the seismic coefficients,friction on the back of retaining wall,surcharge,time effect,cohesion and internal friction angle of backfill soil are discussed by case studies.
It is significant for the reliability assessment of retaining wall to analyze the displacement and earth pressure induced by earthquake.Based on the pseudo dynamic method,a new model is proposed to compute the active earth pressure.The proposed model considers time effects,phase difference of wave spread,overload friction on the back of retaining wall,cohesion and internal frictional angle of backfill soil.Then,the active earth pressure,distribution pattern and height of action point are obtained.Meanwhile,taking the seismic response of retaining wall,the rotational displacement about the toe of retaining wall is determined.Comparison between the Mononobe-Okabe method and present model is carried out.The results show that the active earth pressure obtained by present model is similar to the Mononobe-Okabe method.But the height of action point obtained by Mononobe-Okabe method is lower than present model;this revealed that seismic engineering design by using Mononobe-Okabe method may be led to risk.Finally,the dependence of the rotational displacement of retaining wall on the seismic coefficients,friction on the back of retaining wall,surcharge,time effect,cohesion and internal friction angle of backfill soil are discussed by case studies.
引文
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[11]AHMAD S M,CHOUDHURY D.Seismic rotationalstability of waterfront retaining wall using pseu-dodynamic method[J].International Journal ofGeomechanics,ASCE,2010,10(1):45-52.
[12]MUNWAR B,SIVAKUMAR G L.Reliability assessmentof internal stability of reinforced soil structures:Apseudo-dynamic approach[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2010,30:336-353.
[13]夏唐代,华伟南,王志凯.倾斜挡土墙后黏性土的地震主动土压力分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(增刊):315-320.XIA Tang-dai,HUA Wei-nan,WANG Zhi-kai.Analysisof seismic active earth pressure of cohesive soil behindinclined retaining wall[J].World Earthquake En-gineering,2010,26(Supp.):315-320.
[14]GHOSH S,SHARMA R P.Pseudo-dynamic activeresponse of non-vertical retaining wall supporting c-φbackfill[J].Geotech.Geol.Eng.,2010,28:633-641.
[15]赵恒慧.挡土墙后黏性填土的土压力计算[J].岩土工程学报,1983,5(1):134-146.
[2]谢和平,邓建辉,台佳佳,等.汶川大地震灾害与灾区重建的岩土工程问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1781-1791.XIE He-ping,DENG Jian-hui,TAI Jia-jia,et al.Wenchuan large earthquake and post-earthquakereconstruction-related geotechnical problems[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(9):1781-1791.
[3]姚令侃,冯俊德,杨明.汶川地震路基震害分析及对抗震规范改进的启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(3):301-311.YAO Ling-kan,FENG Jun-de,YANG Ming.Damageanalysis of subgrade engineering in Wenchuan earthquakeand recommendations for improving seismic designcode[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(3):301-311.
[4]王元战,李蔚,黄长虹.墙体绕基础转动情况下挡土墙主动土压力分布[J].岩土工程学报,2003,23(2):208-211.WANG Yuan-zhan,LI Wei,HUANG Chang-hong.Distribution of active earth pressure with wall movementof rotation about base[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-technical Engineering,2003,23(2):208-211.
[5]MONONOBE N.Investigations on vertical groundmotion and some related topics[C]//Proc.Japan.Soc.Civil Engineering.Japan:[s.n.],1924:1063-1094.
[6]OKABE S.General theory of earth pressure and seismicstability of retaining wall and dam[J].Journal of theJapanese Society of Civil Engineers,1924,10(5):1277-1323.
[7]MONONOBE N,MATSHO H.On the determination ofearthquake pressure during earthquake[C]//Proc.of WorldEngineering Congress.Tokyo:[s.n.],1929:177-185.
[8]杨剑,高玉峰,程永锋,等.地震条件下倾斜挡土墙被动土压力研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(9):1391-1397.YANG Jian,GAO Yu-feng,CHENG Yong-feng,et al.Passive earth pressure of inclined retaining walls underseismic condition[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,2009,31(9):1391-1397.
[9]STEEDMAN R S,ZENG X.The influence of phase onthe calculation of pseudo-static earth pressure on aretaining wall[J].Geotechnique,1990,40(1):103-112.
[10]CHOUDHURY D,SANJAY S Nimbalkar.Seismicrotational displacement of gravity walls by pseudodynamicmethod[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,ASCE,2008,8(3):169-175.
[11]AHMAD S M,CHOUDHURY D.Seismic rotationalstability of waterfront retaining wall using pseu-dodynamic method[J].International Journal ofGeomechanics,ASCE,2010,10(1):45-52.
[12]MUNWAR B,SIVAKUMAR G L.Reliability assessmentof internal stability of reinforced soil structures:Apseudo-dynamic approach[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2010,30:336-353.
[13]夏唐代,华伟南,王志凯.倾斜挡土墙后黏性土的地震主动土压力分析[J].世界地震工程,2010,26(增刊):315-320.XIA Tang-dai,HUA Wei-nan,WANG Zhi-kai.Analysisof seismic active earth pressure of cohesive soil behindinclined retaining wall[J].World Earthquake En-gineering,2010,26(Supp.):315-320.
[14]GHOSH S,SHARMA R P.Pseudo-dynamic activeresponse of non-vertical retaining wall supporting c-φbackfill[J].Geotech.Geol.Eng.,2010,28:633-641.
[15]赵恒慧.挡土墙后黏性填土的土压力计算[J].岩土工程学报,1983,5(1):134-146.
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