地震荷载作用下地下洞室不利地质结构塌落机制研究
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摘要
目前地下结构地震动力分析主要研究围岩响应特征,对围岩中赋存的岩体结构的动力响应规律、塌落机制还缺乏深入研究。结合大岗山水电站工程地下洞室群,基于块体理论选取3种不利地质结构组合作为地下洞室群动力分析的主要结构形式,接着运用离散元程序UDEC研究两种地震动工况作用下不同不利地质结构组合切割的地下洞室围岩动力响应、变形特征以及节理的张开、滑移特征,分析开挖面附近块体的塌落机制。研究结果表明,陡倾角结构面切割形成不利地质结构对地下洞室围岩变形破坏机制影响较大;在地震荷载作用下,陡倾不利地质结构沿节理面的滑塌具有突发性,并且塌落模式随地震强度增加可能发生变化。
Seismic response of rock is the main topic in current dynamic analysis of underground structures,but the dynamic response and collapse mechanisms of rock structures are lack of thorough study.Based on a practical hydropower project,three kinds of unfavorable geological structures are selected in the dynamic analysis of large underground caverns by using block theory.Then ground deformation history and characteristics of open and slip joints are studied under seismic loadings by a discrete element program UDEC.Simultaneously the movement mechanisms of the cutting blocks are also analyzed.The results show that steep dip geological structures have greater impact on earthquake response of underground caverns.Under the seismic loading,adverse geological structures slip along the steep incline joint with sudden.Collapse form of adverse geological structures may change with seismic load increasing.
Seismic response of rock is the main topic in current dynamic analysis of underground structures,but the dynamic response and collapse mechanisms of rock structures are lack of thorough study.Based on a practical hydropower project,three kinds of unfavorable geological structures are selected in the dynamic analysis of large underground caverns by using block theory.Then ground deformation history and characteristics of open and slip joints are studied under seismic loadings by a discrete element program UDEC.Simultaneously the movement mechanisms of the cutting blocks are also analyzed.The results show that steep dip geological structures have greater impact on earthquake response of underground caverns.Under the seismic loading,adverse geological structures slip along the steep incline joint with sudden.Collapse form of adverse geological structures may change with seismic load increasing.
引文
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[11]李海波,马行东,李俊如,等.地震荷载作用下地下岩体洞室位移特征的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(3):358-362.LI Hai-bo,MA Xing-dong,LI Jun-ru,et al.Study on influence factors of rock cavern displacement under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(3):358-362.
[12]WITTKE W.Rock mechanics theory and applications with case histories[M]:Berlin:Springer,1990.
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[14]BARDET J P,SCOTT R F.Seismic stability of fracture rock masses with the distinct element method[C]//Proceedings of26th U.S.Symp.Rock Mech.Rapid City,1985:139-149.
[15]陶连金,张倬元,傅小敏,等.在地震载荷作用下的节理岩体地下洞室围岩稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1998,(1):33-41.TAO Lian-jin,ZHANG Zhuo-yuan,FU Xiao-ming,et al.Stability analysis of surrounding rockmass of under-ground excavation rock mass under seismec load[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,1998,(1):33-41.
[16]刘君,孔宪京.节理岩体中隧道开挖与地震作用下围岩的稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(增刊1):4929-4933.LIU Jun,KONG Xian-jing.Stability of tunnel in jointed rock masses during excavation and under earthquake load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4929-4933.
[2]WANG W L,WANG T T,SU J J,et al.Assessment of damage in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2001,16:133-150.
[3]SHARMA S,JUDD W R.Underground opening damage from earthquakes[J].Engineering of Geology,1991,30:263-276.
[4]于翔.地铁建设中应充分考虑抗地震作用—阪神地震破坏的启示[J].铁道建筑技术,2000,6:32-35.YU Xiang.Subway construction are always considered possessing well anti-seismic capability-Revelation of Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake[J].Railway Construction Technology,2000,6:32-35.
[5]潘昌实.隧道及地下结构物抗震问题的研究概况[J].世界隧道,1996,5:7-16.PAN Chang-shi.Survey to study of tunnel and under-ground structure anti-seism[J].Tunnel International,1996,5:7-16.
[6]ST JOHN C M,ZAHRAH T F.A seismic design of underground structures[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,1987,2(2):165-197.
[7]CARPENTER D W,CHUNG D C.Effects of earthquakes on underground facilities[R].[S.l.]:Lawrence Livermore National Lab,1986:1-52.
[8]陈健云,胡志强,林皋.超大型地下洞室群的随机地震响应分析[J].水利学报,2002,(1):71-75.CHEN Jian-yun,HU Zhi-qiang,LIN Gao.Random seismic response analysis of large-scale underground caverns[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2002,(1):71-75.
[9]陈健云,胡志强,林皋.超大型地下洞室群的三维地震响应分析[J].岩土工程学报,2001,23(4):494-498.CHEN Jian-yun,HU Zhi-qiang,LIN Gao.3-D seismic response study on large scale underground group caverns[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2001,23(4):494-498.
[10]李海波,马行东,邵蔚,等.地震波参数对地下岩体洞室位移特性的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(增刊):4627-4634.LI Hai-bo,MA Xing-dong,SHAO WEI,et al.Influence of the earthquake parameters on the displacement of rock cavern[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.):4627-4634.
[11]李海波,马行东,李俊如,等.地震荷载作用下地下岩体洞室位移特征的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(3):358-362.LI Hai-bo,MA Xing-dong,LI Jun-ru,et al.Study on influence factors of rock cavern displacement under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(3):358-362.
[12]WITTKE W.Rock mechanics theory and applications with case histories[M]:Berlin:Springer,1990.
[13]SITHARAM T G,MADHAVI LATHA G..Simulations of excavations in jointed rock masses using a practical continuum approach[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,2002,39(4):517-525.
[14]BARDET J P,SCOTT R F.Seismic stability of fracture rock masses with the distinct element method[C]//Proceedings of26th U.S.Symp.Rock Mech.Rapid City,1985:139-149.
[15]陶连金,张倬元,傅小敏,等.在地震载荷作用下的节理岩体地下洞室围岩稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1998,(1):33-41.TAO Lian-jin,ZHANG Zhuo-yuan,FU Xiao-ming,et al.Stability analysis of surrounding rockmass of under-ground excavation rock mass under seismec load[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,1998,(1):33-41.
[16]刘君,孔宪京.节理岩体中隧道开挖与地震作用下围岩的稳定性[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(增刊1):4929-4933.LIU Jun,KONG Xian-jing.Stability of tunnel in jointed rock masses during excavation and under earthquake load[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(Supp.1):4929-4933.
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