抗地震倒塌能力谱研究
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摘要
应用基于IDA的倒塌易损性分析方法,定量评估了单自由度结构体系的抗地震倒塌能力,提出了结构抗地震倒塌能力谱的概念。抗地震倒塌能力谱由抗倒塌能力均值谱和离散度谱两部分构成,不仅可用于估计结构在不同超越概率地震作用下的倒塌率,还可根据罕遇地震/特大地震作用下的倒塌率目标,建立基于倒塌率目标的抗震设计方法。由于传统抗震设计的R-μ-T谱未考虑结构的倒塌状态,因此,建议采用R-μ-T谱和抗地震倒塌能力谱分别折减设防地震和罕遇地震/特大地震作用下的弹性地震作用需求,以实现"小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒"的抗震设计目标。
This paper quantitatively evaluates the earthquake-induced-collapse resistance of the single-degree-of-freedom structural system through collapse fragility analysis based on incremental dynamic analysis,and proposes the concept of the collapse resistant capacity spectrum.The collapse resistant capacity spectrum is composed of the median spectrum and the dispersion spectrum.The CRC spectrum is useful to estimate the collapse probability of building structures subjected to the earthquake of given intensity level.And it is also utilized to establish the collapse probability targeted seismic design by which the structure is designed to satisfy the prescribed collapse probability under collapse-prevention-level earthquakes/mega-earthquakes.Since the R-μ-T spectrum does not focus on the collapse state,it is proposed that,the elastic seismic action required by the fortification-level earthquake and the collapse-prevention-level earthquake/mega-earthquake are reduced by the classical R-μ-T spectrum and the CRC spectrum,respectively,so as to rationally realize the three level seismic design target as prescribed in the Chinese code for seismic design.
This paper quantitatively evaluates the earthquake-induced-collapse resistance of the single-degree-of-freedom structural system through collapse fragility analysis based on incremental dynamic analysis,and proposes the concept of the collapse resistant capacity spectrum.The collapse resistant capacity spectrum is composed of the median spectrum and the dispersion spectrum.The CRC spectrum is useful to estimate the collapse probability of building structures subjected to the earthquake of given intensity level.And it is also utilized to establish the collapse probability targeted seismic design by which the structure is designed to satisfy the prescribed collapse probability under collapse-prevention-level earthquakes/mega-earthquakes.Since the R-μ-T spectrum does not focus on the collapse state,it is proposed that,the elastic seismic action required by the fortification-level earthquake and the collapse-prevention-level earthquake/mega-earthquake are reduced by the classical R-μ-T spectrum and the CRC spectrum,respectively,so as to rationally realize the three level seismic design target as prescribed in the Chinese code for seismic design.
引文
[1]叶列平,曲哲,陆新征,冯鹏.提高建筑结构抗地震倒塌能力的设计思想与方法[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):42-50.(YE Lieping,QU Zhe,LUXinzheng,FENG Peng.Collapse prevention of buildingstructures:a lesson from the Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):42-50.(in Chinese))
[2]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Incremental dynamicanalysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,2002,31(3):491-514.
[3]Zareian F,Krawinkler H.Assessment of probability ofcollapse and design for collapse safety[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,2007,36(13):1901-1914.
[4]Federal Emergency Management Agency.Quantificationof building seismic performance factors[R].FEMAP695.Washington DC:Federal EmergencyManagement Agency,2009:1.1-1.11.
[5]陆新征,叶列平.基于IDA分析的结构抗地震倒塌能力研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(1):13-18.(LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping.Study on theseismic collapse resistance of structural system[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2010,32(1):13-18.(in Chinese))
[6]施炜,叶列平,陆新征,唐代远.不同抗震设防RC框架结构抗倒塌能力的研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(3):41-48.(SHI Wei,YE Lieping,LUXinzheng,TANG Daiyuan.Study on the collapse-resistant capacity of RC frames with different seismicfortification levels[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(3):41-48.(in Chinese))
[7]Federal Emergency Management Agency.Recommended provisions for new buildings and otherstructures[R].FEMA P450a.Washington DC:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2004:95-97.
[8]Luco N,Ellingwood B R,Hamburger R O,et al.Risk-targeted versus current seismic design maps for theconterminous united states[C]//Proceedings of the2007 Structural Engineers Association of CaliforniaConvention.California,USA:Structural EngineersAssociation of California,2007:1-13.
[9]施炜,陆新征,叶列平,曲哲.建筑结构倒塌分析的单自由度模型[J].工程力学,2012,29(10):5-12.(SHI Wei,LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping,QU Zhe.Single-degree-of-freedom hysteretic model for collapseanalysis of building structures[J].EngineeringMechanics,2012,29(10):5-12.(in Chinese))
[10]赵永峰,童根树.修正Clough滞回模型下的地震力调整系数[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(10):34-41.(ZHAO Yongfeng,TONG Genshu.Seismic forcemodification factors for structures with modified-Cloughhysteretic model[J].Chinese Civil EngineeringJournal,2006,39(10):34-41.(in Chinese))
[11]Chopra A K.Dynamic of structures:theory andapplications to earthquake engineering[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2005:288-295.
[12]Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center(PEER).NGA:next generation attenuation project[DB/OL].[2011-09-10].http://peer.berkeley.edu/nga/.
[13]罗开海,王亚勇.中美欧抗震设计规范地震动参数换算关系的研究[J].建筑结构,2006,36(8):103-107.(LUO Kaihai,WANG Yayong.Research onconversion relationships among the parameters of groundmotions in seismic design codes of China,America andEurope[J].Building Structure,2006,36(8):103-107.(in Chinese))
[14]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB 50011—2010 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[15]叶列平,马千里,缪志伟.抗震分析用地震动强度指标的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):9-22.(YE Lieping,MA Qianli,MIAO Zhiwei.Study on earthquake intensities for seismic analysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(4):9-22.(in Chinese))
[16]Araki Y,Hjelmstad K D.Criteria for assessing dynamiccollapse of elastoplastic structural systems[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(8):1177-1198.
[17]施炜,陆新征,叶列平.基于一致倒塌风险的建筑抗震评价方法研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(6):1-7.(SHI Wei,LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping.Study on uniform collapse risk evaluation method forbuilding structures under earthquakes[J].Journal ofBuilding Structures,2012,33(6):1-7.(in Chinese))
[2]Vamvatsikos D,Cornell C A.Incremental dynamicanalysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and StructuralDynamics,2002,31(3):491-514.
[3]Zareian F,Krawinkler H.Assessment of probability ofcollapse and design for collapse safety[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,2007,36(13):1901-1914.
[4]Federal Emergency Management Agency.Quantificationof building seismic performance factors[R].FEMAP695.Washington DC:Federal EmergencyManagement Agency,2009:1.1-1.11.
[5]陆新征,叶列平.基于IDA分析的结构抗地震倒塌能力研究[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(1):13-18.(LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping.Study on theseismic collapse resistance of structural system[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2010,32(1):13-18.(in Chinese))
[6]施炜,叶列平,陆新征,唐代远.不同抗震设防RC框架结构抗倒塌能力的研究[J].工程力学,2011,28(3):41-48.(SHI Wei,YE Lieping,LUXinzheng,TANG Daiyuan.Study on the collapse-resistant capacity of RC frames with different seismicfortification levels[J].Engineering Mechanics,2011,28(3):41-48.(in Chinese))
[7]Federal Emergency Management Agency.Recommended provisions for new buildings and otherstructures[R].FEMA P450a.Washington DC:Federal Emergency Management Agency,2004:95-97.
[8]Luco N,Ellingwood B R,Hamburger R O,et al.Risk-targeted versus current seismic design maps for theconterminous united states[C]//Proceedings of the2007 Structural Engineers Association of CaliforniaConvention.California,USA:Structural EngineersAssociation of California,2007:1-13.
[9]施炜,陆新征,叶列平,曲哲.建筑结构倒塌分析的单自由度模型[J].工程力学,2012,29(10):5-12.(SHI Wei,LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping,QU Zhe.Single-degree-of-freedom hysteretic model for collapseanalysis of building structures[J].EngineeringMechanics,2012,29(10):5-12.(in Chinese))
[10]赵永峰,童根树.修正Clough滞回模型下的地震力调整系数[J].土木工程学报,2006,39(10):34-41.(ZHAO Yongfeng,TONG Genshu.Seismic forcemodification factors for structures with modified-Cloughhysteretic model[J].Chinese Civil EngineeringJournal,2006,39(10):34-41.(in Chinese))
[11]Chopra A K.Dynamic of structures:theory andapplications to earthquake engineering[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2005:288-295.
[12]Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center(PEER).NGA:next generation attenuation project[DB/OL].[2011-09-10].http://peer.berkeley.edu/nga/.
[13]罗开海,王亚勇.中美欧抗震设计规范地震动参数换算关系的研究[J].建筑结构,2006,36(8):103-107.(LUO Kaihai,WANG Yayong.Research onconversion relationships among the parameters of groundmotions in seismic design codes of China,America andEurope[J].Building Structure,2006,36(8):103-107.(in Chinese))
[14]GB 50011—2010建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(GB 50011—2010 Codefor seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:ChinaArchitecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[15]叶列平,马千里,缪志伟.抗震分析用地震动强度指标的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(4):9-22.(YE Lieping,MA Qianli,MIAO Zhiwei.Study on earthquake intensities for seismic analysis[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(4):9-22.(in Chinese))
[16]Araki Y,Hjelmstad K D.Criteria for assessing dynamiccollapse of elastoplastic structural systems[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(8):1177-1198.
[17]施炜,陆新征,叶列平.基于一致倒塌风险的建筑抗震评价方法研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(6):1-7.(SHI Wei,LU Xinzheng,YE Lieping.Study on uniform collapse risk evaluation method forbuilding structures under earthquakes[J].Journal ofBuilding Structures,2012,33(6):1-7.(in Chinese))
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