汶川地震中土石坝地震灾变过程三维再现
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摘要
基于三维地质建模软件GoCAD和数值分析软件FLAC3D,在编制接口程序和二次开发的基础上,建立了汶川地震中典型震损土石坝及其周围局部场地的三维复杂分析模型。通过共振柱和动三轴试验给出了模型材料的模量和阻尼比随动应变幅值的变化曲线,利用滞后阻尼实现了变模量和阻尼比的土石坝三维弹塑性灾变过程模拟。数值模拟和震后现场调查结果吻合较好,表明本文考虑局部地形效应的三维弹塑性建模方法是模拟土石坝地震破坏过程的有效方法。
This paper presents a method of 3D reappearance of earth-rock dam disaster process under earthquakes.This method is based on an interface program and secondary development of the 3D geological modeling software GoCAD and analysis software FLAC3D.Using the method,we developed a complex 3D numerical model for a typical earth-rock dam which was damaged seriously in the Wenchuan earthquake,along with its surrounding sites.Experimental data of resonant column tests and cyclic triaxial tests were adopted to determine the curves of the dam materials' modulus and damping ratio that vary with dynamic strain amplitude,and a good agreement of the simulations with field test data was obtained.The present work shows that the proposed method is effective in simulating the 3D elastic-plastic disaster process of earth-rock dam under earthquakes,and its consideration of local site effects is sufficient.
This paper presents a method of 3D reappearance of earth-rock dam disaster process under earthquakes.This method is based on an interface program and secondary development of the 3D geological modeling software GoCAD and analysis software FLAC3D.Using the method,we developed a complex 3D numerical model for a typical earth-rock dam which was damaged seriously in the Wenchuan earthquake,along with its surrounding sites.Experimental data of resonant column tests and cyclic triaxial tests were adopted to determine the curves of the dam materials' modulus and damping ratio that vary with dynamic strain amplitude,and a good agreement of the simulations with field test data was obtained.The present work shows that the proposed method is effective in simulating the 3D elastic-plastic disaster process of earth-rock dam under earthquakes,and its consideration of local site effects is sufficient.
引文
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[2]赵剑明,常亚屏,陈宁.强震区高混凝土面板堆石坝地震残余变形与动力稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(增1):4547～4552.ZHAO Jianming,CHANG Yaping,CHEN Ning.Study on earthquake-induced permanent defromation and dynamic stability of highconcrete-faced rockfill dam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics ans Engineering,2004,23(S1):4547～4552.(in Chinese)
[3]Itasca Consulting Grouping,Inc..FLAC3D(Fast lagrangian analysis of continua in three dimensions),Version2.00,User Manual[R].USA:Itasca Consulting Grouping,Inc.,1997.
[4]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.LIAO Zhenpeng.Introduction to Wave Motion Theories for Engineering(Second Edition)[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.(inChinese)
[5]胡斌,张倬元,黄润秋等.FLAC3D前处理程序的开发及仿真效果检验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1387～1391.HU Bin,ZHANG Zhuoyuan,HUANG Runqiu,et al.Development of pre-processing package for FLAC3D and verification of itssimulating effects[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics ans Engineering,2002,21(9):1387～1391.(in Chinese)
[6]廖秋林,曾钱帮,刘彤等.基于ANSYS平台复杂地质体FLAC3D模型的自动生成[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):1010～1013.LIAO Qiulin,ZENG Qianbang,LIU Tong,et al.Automatic model generation of complex geologic body with FLAC3D based onANSYS platform[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):1010～1013.(in Chinese)
[7]Earth Decision Sciences.GoCAD2.0User’s Manual[R].USA:Earth Decision Sciences,2003.
[8]景立平,陈国兴,李永强等.汶川8.0级地震水坝震害调查[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):14～23.JING Liping,CHEN Guoxing,LI Yongqiang,et al.Investigation on earthquake-induced dam damage during Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(2):14～23.(in Chinese)
[9]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009.CHEN Yumin,XU Dingping.Foundation and examples of FLAC/FLAC3D[M].Beijing:China WaterPower Press,2009.(inChinese)
[10]顾淦臣,沈长松,岑威钧.土石坝地震工程学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009.GU Ganchen,SHEN Changsong,CEN Weijun.Earthquake engineering for earthrock dams[M].Beijing:China WaterPower Press,2009.(in Chinese)
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