考虑液固耦合振动的贮液结构动力特性和地震响应研究
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摘要
贮液结构广泛应用于城镇市政、铁路等基础设施建设中,虽然这类结构体型一般不很高,整体刚度较好、较耐震,但高烈度地区仍应作抗震验算。地震时,由于液体的影响,贮液结构液固耦合动力特性和地震响应具有与普通建(构)筑物不同的特点。目前抗震设计采用反应谱法,主要考虑了脉冲的影响,未全面计及液固耦合振动的影响。本文考虑结构内液体和结构的耦合振动,对利用有限元分析和采用强耦合、附加质量、调制液体阻尼器等法的计算成果进行全面分析,力求获得有益的认识。结果表明:液位较浅时(≤0.2h)液体对结构的影响很小,可忽略;随贮液位的增加,结构频率逐渐减小,且满池状态下的周期约为空池的1.4倍;壁板刚度对液面水波模态影响不大,而结构模态则随壁板刚度的减小;另外,可通过改变等效结构阻尼比ζ的方法来模拟液体晃动的作用;对阻尼器效应明显的结构,满池和空池相比,最大位移值和剪力值比现行规范计算模型约减小15%左右;刚度较大结构的地震作用则减小约7.5%左右。最后,提出了相关规范编制可参考的意见,以及进一步研究的方向。
Liquid storage structures are generally used in city and town municipal and railway etc infrastructure construction.Although the height of such kind of structure is not very tall so that they have good total rigidity and seismic resistant property,but the seismic checking computation must been done for them in high earthquake intensity area.During earthquake,the frequency domain characteristics of liquid storage structures are different from ordinary structure because of the influence of water.At present,response spectrum analysis is used in relative standard without counting the influence of liquid-structure interaction.In this paper,overall analysis was carried through for the calculating results of finite element analysis、strong- interaction method、added-mass method and liquid damper method counting the influence of liquid-structure interaction,in order to receive useful recognition.The results show that the influence of liquid-structure interaction could neglect when liquid depth is very small(≥0.2h);the depth of water is deeper,the natural frequency gradually decreases,and the period of the structure full of liguid is about 1.4 times than the empty one;the modal of surface water wave is not affected by wall stiffness,but structure modal is affected by it;the sloshing of water in liquid storage structure full of water may reduce about 7.5%-15%earthquake action and seismic response of deformation、shearing force of the structure than empty one.Finally some suggestion for standard compilation and further research direction are put forward.
Liquid storage structures are generally used in city and town municipal and railway etc infrastructure construction.Although the height of such kind of structure is not very tall so that they have good total rigidity and seismic resistant property,but the seismic checking computation must been done for them in high earthquake intensity area.During earthquake,the frequency domain characteristics of liquid storage structures are different from ordinary structure because of the influence of water.At present,response spectrum analysis is used in relative standard without counting the influence of liquid-structure interaction.In this paper,overall analysis was carried through for the calculating results of finite element analysis、strong- interaction method、added-mass method and liquid damper method counting the influence of liquid-structure interaction,in order to receive useful recognition.The results show that the influence of liquid-structure interaction could neglect when liquid depth is very small(≥0.2h);the depth of water is deeper,the natural frequency gradually decreases,and the period of the structure full of liguid is about 1.4 times than the empty one;the modal of surface water wave is not affected by wall stiffness,but structure modal is affected by it;the sloshing of water in liquid storage structure full of water may reduce about 7.5%-15%earthquake action and seismic response of deformation、shearing force of the structure than empty one.Finally some suggestion for standard compilation and further research direction are put forward.
引文
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[7]贾冬云,曹平周,姜德进.密封油对大型储气柜柜体抗震性能的影响分析.2010,27(4):40-43.
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[9]CHENG xudong,LIANG yong and WEN jihua,Hydroelastic vibrations and liquid sloshing suppression in a rectangular lank with elastic spacer[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,16(3):336- 340.
[10]于明博,苏瑜.RC水塔结构的抗震性能探讨分析.特种结构, 2012,29(5):110-113.
[11]张俊,周焕林,牛忠荣.钢筋混凝土水塔流固耦合动力响应分析.特种结构,2011,28(2):56-58.
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[13]尚春雨,张海军,赵建国.考虑水晃动作用时椭球形水塔的地震反应分析[J].钢结构,2010,1(01):15-20.
[2]黄玉盈.结构振动分析基础[M].华中工学院出版社, 1988.2:204-224.248-254.
[3]瞿伟廉,李秋胜等,圆环形深水TLD对电视塔风振反应控制的试验与研究[J],特种结构,1995,12(3):47-50.
[4]F Welt,V J Modi.Vibration Damping Through Liquid Sloshing: Part I:A Nonlinear Analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,1992,114:10-16.
[5]F Welt,V J Modi.Vibration Damping Through Liquid Sloshing: Part II:Experimental Results[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,114:17-23.
[6]王晖,陈刚,张伟,王长祥.储液容器三维流固耦合模态分析.特种结构,2007,24(2):52-54.
[7]贾冬云,曹平周,姜德进.密封油对大型储气柜柜体抗震性能的影响分析.2010,27(4):40-43.
[8]K.J.Bathe,H.Zhang and M.H.Wang,Finite element analysis of incompressible and compressible fluid flows with free surface and structural interactions[J].Computers & Structures,1995,56:193-213.
[9]CHENG xudong,LIANG yong and WEN jihua,Hydroelastic vibrations and liquid sloshing suppression in a rectangular lank with elastic spacer[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,16(3):336- 340.
[10]于明博,苏瑜.RC水塔结构的抗震性能探讨分析.特种结构, 2012,29(5):110-113.
[11]张俊,周焕林,牛忠荣.钢筋混凝土水塔流固耦合动力响应分析.特种结构,2011,28(2):56-58.
[12J室外给水排水和燃气热力工程抗震设计规范(GB 50032- 2003)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.
[13]尚春雨,张海军,赵建国.考虑水晃动作用时椭球形水塔的地震反应分析[J].钢结构,2010,1(01):15-20.
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