构造建模约束地震反演技术——以大庆萨尔图油田南八区为例
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摘要
为了充分发挥储层预测多学科的综合能力,对构造建模约束地震反演的作用和构造建模在储层反演与地质建模的区别进行了分析。在此基础上,详细阐述了实现构造建模约束地震反演的4个关键环节,即井-震联合小尺度构造解释、合理设计地质框架、不同尺度网格设计和曲线均一化处理。以大庆萨尔图油田南八区萨Ⅱ7-12沉积单元为例,通过与未进行构造约束的地震反演对比,总结出构造建模约束下地震反演的优势,主要体现在:①能够提高砂体识别的准确程度,尤其是定位河道砂边界位置效果显著,采用"井点定相、切片组形"的方法,完成了井震结合沉积微相的修正;②明确主力厚油层及主力砂体接触关系,增加断层附近预测的细节,尤其是断裂两侧砂体明朗化,有利于指导剩余油的挖潜。因此,构造建模约束地震反演技术能够降低反演的不确定性,对油田后续开发调整具有重要意义。
This paper introduces structure modeling-constrained seismic inversion technique.It has four key components,i.e.well-seismic integrated small scale structure interpretation,rational design of geologic framework,multi-scale grid design and curve homogenization.Take SⅡ7-12 sedimentary units in Nanba area of Daqing Saertu oilfield as an example,the article summarizes the advantages of structure modeling-constrained seismic inversion over seismic inversion without structure modeling.①It can improve the accuracy of sandbody identification,especially channel sand and realize wellseismic integrated correction of sedimentary microfacies through "defining facies in wells and shapes on slices";②It can reveal the contact relationship between major thick reservoir and the main sand body,and refine the prediction of sandbodies near faults,so as to guide remaining oil potential tapping.It is concluded that structure modeling-constrained seismic inversion can lower the uncertainty of seismic inversion and is of great significance to oilfield development adjustment in later stage.
This paper introduces structure modeling-constrained seismic inversion technique.It has four key components,i.e.well-seismic integrated small scale structure interpretation,rational design of geologic framework,multi-scale grid design and curve homogenization.Take SⅡ7-12 sedimentary units in Nanba area of Daqing Saertu oilfield as an example,the article summarizes the advantages of structure modeling-constrained seismic inversion over seismic inversion without structure modeling.①It can improve the accuracy of sandbody identification,especially channel sand and realize wellseismic integrated correction of sedimentary microfacies through "defining facies in wells and shapes on slices";②It can reveal the contact relationship between major thick reservoir and the main sand body,and refine the prediction of sandbodies near faults,so as to guide remaining oil potential tapping.It is concluded that structure modeling-constrained seismic inversion can lower the uncertainty of seismic inversion and is of great significance to oilfield development adjustment in later stage.
引文
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[9]叶泰然,付顺,吕其彪,等.多波地震联合反演预测相对优质储层——以川西深层致密碎屑砂岩为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):357-362.Ye Tairan,Fu Shun,LüQibiao,et al.Application of multiwave jointinversion to the prediction of relatively high-quality reservoirs—anexample from the prediction of deep tight clastic sandstone reservoirsin the western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(3):357-362.
[10]唐湘蓉,蔡涵鹏,贺振华.地震波高频信息在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):244-250,279.Tang Xiangrong,Cai Hanpeng,He Zhenhua.Thin-bed sand body pre-diction based on seismic wave high-frequency information[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):244-250,279.
[11]邹起阳,阎振华,徐阳东,等.应用Petrel进行构造建模的研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2011,8(2):62-64.Zhou Qiyang,Yan Zhenhua,Xu Yangdong,et al.Structure modelingusing Petrel software[J].Journal of Yangtze University(NaturalScience Edition),2011,8(2):62-64.
[12]夏吉庄.多尺度资料匹配构造建模技术及应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2010,32(4):257-260.Xia Jizhuang.The technology and application of structure modelmatched by multi-scale data[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(4):257-260.
[13]刘文岭.地震约束储层地质建模技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):64-68.Liu Wenling.Geological modeling technique for reservoir constrainedby seismic data[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):64-68.
[14]王琦,李红梅.开发地震在大庆长垣喇嘛甸油田储层预测中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(3):490-496.Wang Qi,Li Hongmei.Application of development seismology to res-ervoir prediction of Lamadian oilfield in Daqing Placanticline[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(3):490-496.
[15]段云卿,王彦春,覃天,等.储层地震反演在辽河油田大民屯凹陷的应用[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2007,32(4):554-558.Duan Yunqing,Wang Yanchun,Qin Tian,et al.Application of reser-voir seismic inversion at damintun sag in Liaohe oilfield[J].EarthScience—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(4):554-558.
[16]孙素琴,杨玉杰.塔里木盆地顺西区块地震反演及储层预测[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):304-311.Sun Suqin,Yang Yujie.Seismic inversion and reservoir prediction ofShunxi block in Tarim Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petro-leum,2012,51(3):304-311.
[17]许杰,董宁,朱成宏,等.致密砂岩地震预测在水平井轨迹设计中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(6):909-913.Xu Jie,Dong Ning,Zhu Chenghong,et al.Application of seismic datato the design of horizontal well trajectory in tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(6):909-913.
[18]魏水建,冯琼,冯寅,等.川东北通南巴地区三叠系膏盐岩盖层预测[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(1):81-86.Wei Shuijian,Feng Qiong,Feng Yin,et al.Prediction of Triassic gyp-sum cap rocks in Tongnanba region of Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(1):81-86.
[19]李慧勇,徐长贵,刘廷海,等.陆相盆地薄层泥岩盖层形成机制、特征与油气成藏关系——以辽东湾地区中南部为例[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(1):19-23.Li Huiyong,Xu Changgui,Liu Tinghai,et al.The formation mecha-nisms and characteristics of thin layer mudstone caprock and its rela-tionship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the terrestrial basin—anexample of thin-layer mudstone caprock in the south-central LiaodongBay[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2010,32(1):19-23.
[20]计秉玉.国内外油田提高采收率技术进展与展望[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):111-117.Ji Bingyu.Progress and prospects of enhanced oil recovery technolo-gies at home and abroad[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(1):111-117.
[21]孙素琴.大牛地气田二叠系山西组单砂体预测技术及应用[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(3):340-344.Sun Suqin.Prediction of single sand body and its application inShanxi Formation of Permian,Daniudi Gas Field[J].Petroleum Geo-logy&Experiment,2012,34(3):340-344.
[22]韩大匡.关于高含水油田二次开发理念、对策和技术路线的探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(5):583-591.Han Dakuang.Discussions on concepts,countermeasures and techni-cal routes for the redevelopment of high water-cut oilfield[J].Petro-leum Exploration and Development,2010,37(5):583-591.
[23]陈汉军,叶泰然,郭伟,等.云南曲靖盆地浅层气藏地震储层预测及勘探前景分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(2):207-213.Chen Hanjun,Ye Tairan,Guo Wei,et al.Seismic reservoir predictionand exploration prospect analysis of shallow gas reservoirs in the Qu-jing Basin,Yunnan province[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(2):207-213.
[24]张兆辉,苏明军,刘化清,等.精细地震层序地层分析技术及应用——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷滨海地区为例[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(6):648-652.Zhang Zhaohui,Su Mingjun,Liu Huaqing,et al.High precision ana-lysis technology of seismic sequence strata and its application:a casestudy of Binhai region in Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].PetroleumGeology&Experiment,2012,34(6):648-652.
[25]韩大匡.准确预测剩余油相对富集区提高油田注水采收率研究[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):73-78.Han Dakuang.Precisely predicting abundant remaining oil and impro-ving the secondary recovery of mature oilfields[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2007,28(2):73-78.
[2]李军,熊利平,赵为永,等.基于确定性和随机模型的薄储层岩性预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(2):240-244.Li Jun,Xiong Liping,Zhao Weiyong,et al.Lithology prediction ofthin reservoirs based on deterministic and stochastic models[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(2):240-244.
[3]李占东,赵伟,李阳,等.开发地震反演可行性研究及应用——以大庆长垣北部油田为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,54(32):797-806.Li Zhandong,Zhao Wei,Li Yang,et al.The Feasibility Study and ap-plication of development Seismic Inversion—a case study from nor-thern Changyuan oilfield of Daqing area[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,54(32):797-806.
[4]胡华锋,印兴耀,吴国忱.基于贝叶斯分类的储层物性参数联合反演方法[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):225-232.Hu Huafeng,Yin Xingyao,Wu Guochen.Joint inversion of petro-physical parameters based on Bayesian classification[J].GeophysicalProspecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):225-232.
[5]王香文,刘红,滕彬彬,等.地质统计学反演技术在薄储层预测中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(5):730-735.Wang Xiangwen,Liu Hong,Teng Binbin,et al.Application of geosta-tistical inversion to thin reservoir prediction[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(5):730-735.
[6]李国发,岳英,国春香,等.基于模型的薄互层地震属性分析及其应用[J].石油物探,2011,50(2):144-149.Li Guofa,Yue Ying,Guo Chunxiang,et al.Seismic attributes analysisbased on model in thin interbedded layers and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(2):144-149.
[7]张菲,孙培安,张乐.高分辨率阵列感应测井在薄层评价中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(5):510-513.Zhang Fei,Sun Peian,Zhang Le.Application of high resolution arrayinduction logging in thin bed evaluation[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2012,34(5):510-513.
[8]潘昱洁,李大卫,杨锴.确定性反演和随机反演对井约束条件的需求分析[J].石油物探,2011,50(4):345-349,360.Pan Yujie,Li Dawei,Yang Kai.A comparison between the require-ments of multi-well constrained conditions in deterministic inversionand stochastic inversion[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(4):345-349,360.
[9]叶泰然,付顺,吕其彪,等.多波地震联合反演预测相对优质储层——以川西深层致密碎屑砂岩为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):357-362.Ye Tairan,Fu Shun,LüQibiao,et al.Application of multiwave jointinversion to the prediction of relatively high-quality reservoirs—anexample from the prediction of deep tight clastic sandstone reservoirsin the western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(3):357-362.
[10]唐湘蓉,蔡涵鹏,贺振华.地震波高频信息在薄层砂体预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):244-250,279.Tang Xiangrong,Cai Hanpeng,He Zhenhua.Thin-bed sand body pre-diction based on seismic wave high-frequency information[J].Geo-physical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(3):244-250,279.
[11]邹起阳,阎振华,徐阳东,等.应用Petrel进行构造建模的研究[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2011,8(2):62-64.Zhou Qiyang,Yan Zhenhua,Xu Yangdong,et al.Structure modelingusing Petrel software[J].Journal of Yangtze University(NaturalScience Edition),2011,8(2):62-64.
[12]夏吉庄.多尺度资料匹配构造建模技术及应用[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2010,32(4):257-260.Xia Jizhuang.The technology and application of structure modelmatched by multi-scale data[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(4):257-260.
[13]刘文岭.地震约束储层地质建模技术[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):64-68.Liu Wenling.Geological modeling technique for reservoir constrainedby seismic data[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):64-68.
[14]王琦,李红梅.开发地震在大庆长垣喇嘛甸油田储层预测中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(3):490-496.Wang Qi,Li Hongmei.Application of development seismology to res-ervoir prediction of Lamadian oilfield in Daqing Placanticline[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(3):490-496.
[15]段云卿,王彦春,覃天,等.储层地震反演在辽河油田大民屯凹陷的应用[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2007,32(4):554-558.Duan Yunqing,Wang Yanchun,Qin Tian,et al.Application of reser-voir seismic inversion at damintun sag in Liaohe oilfield[J].EarthScience—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(4):554-558.
[16]孙素琴,杨玉杰.塔里木盆地顺西区块地震反演及储层预测[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):304-311.Sun Suqin,Yang Yujie.Seismic inversion and reservoir prediction ofShunxi block in Tarim Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petro-leum,2012,51(3):304-311.
[17]许杰,董宁,朱成宏,等.致密砂岩地震预测在水平井轨迹设计中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(6):909-913.Xu Jie,Dong Ning,Zhu Chenghong,et al.Application of seismic datato the design of horizontal well trajectory in tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(6):909-913.
[18]魏水建,冯琼,冯寅,等.川东北通南巴地区三叠系膏盐岩盖层预测[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(1):81-86.Wei Shuijian,Feng Qiong,Feng Yin,et al.Prediction of Triassic gyp-sum cap rocks in Tongnanba region of Northeast Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(1):81-86.
[19]李慧勇,徐长贵,刘廷海,等.陆相盆地薄层泥岩盖层形成机制、特征与油气成藏关系——以辽东湾地区中南部为例[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(1):19-23.Li Huiyong,Xu Changgui,Liu Tinghai,et al.The formation mecha-nisms and characteristics of thin layer mudstone caprock and its rela-tionship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the terrestrial basin—anexample of thin-layer mudstone caprock in the south-central LiaodongBay[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2010,32(1):19-23.
[20]计秉玉.国内外油田提高采收率技术进展与展望[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(1):111-117.Ji Bingyu.Progress and prospects of enhanced oil recovery technolo-gies at home and abroad[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2012,33(1):111-117.
[21]孙素琴.大牛地气田二叠系山西组单砂体预测技术及应用[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(3):340-344.Sun Suqin.Prediction of single sand body and its application inShanxi Formation of Permian,Daniudi Gas Field[J].Petroleum Geo-logy&Experiment,2012,34(3):340-344.
[22]韩大匡.关于高含水油田二次开发理念、对策和技术路线的探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(5):583-591.Han Dakuang.Discussions on concepts,countermeasures and techni-cal routes for the redevelopment of high water-cut oilfield[J].Petro-leum Exploration and Development,2010,37(5):583-591.
[23]陈汉军,叶泰然,郭伟,等.云南曲靖盆地浅层气藏地震储层预测及勘探前景分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(2):207-213.Chen Hanjun,Ye Tairan,Guo Wei,et al.Seismic reservoir predictionand exploration prospect analysis of shallow gas reservoirs in the Qu-jing Basin,Yunnan province[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(2):207-213.
[24]张兆辉,苏明军,刘化清,等.精细地震层序地层分析技术及应用——以渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷滨海地区为例[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(6):648-652.Zhang Zhaohui,Su Mingjun,Liu Huaqing,et al.High precision ana-lysis technology of seismic sequence strata and its application:a casestudy of Binhai region in Qikou Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].PetroleumGeology&Experiment,2012,34(6):648-652.
[25]韩大匡.准确预测剩余油相对富集区提高油田注水采收率研究[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):73-78.Han Dakuang.Precisely predicting abundant remaining oil and impro-ving the secondary recovery of mature oilfields[J].Acta Petrolei Sini-ca,2007,28(2):73-78.
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