农村住宅砌体结构地震破坏数值模拟研究
|
摘要
国内震害调查表明我国农村房屋在地震中破坏严重,主要原因是农村自建房屋大都缺乏基本抗震措施。近年来有关部门针对农村房屋的抗震性能提出一些改进措施,但这些措施实际抗震效果如何,除了极少数通过模型试验验证外,很少得到验证。本文建立了砌体结构非线性有限元分析模型,以一幢农宅为研究对象,通过地震时程反应来再现其在地震作用下的破坏状况。研究表明本文提出数值模型能够较好的模拟砌体结构在地震中破坏过程,发现结构抗震薄弱部位。通过对三种模型对比分析表明圈梁和构造柱可以有效提高砌体结构整体抗震性能,但对局部破坏影响不大,需要在以后抗震设计中加以考虑。
Earthquake experience indicates that the buildings of the countryside have sustained more serious damage and destruction than city buildings during recent earthquakes in China.A main reason is that rural buildings have not been strictly designed and constructed according to codes.The Code for Seismic Design of Buildings has been under development for fifty years in China,but it has been given few chances to guide building construction at the countryside's lower economic level.Rural buildings have been constructed by the owners themselves and lack basic earthquake provisions,causing rural buildings to be easily damaged during earthquakes.For this reason,some measures have been proposed in recent years for improving the seismic performance of rural buildings.But most earthquake guidelines have not been verified by building model experiments or actual earthquake experiences.Fortunately,as numerical simulation skills develop,it is becoming possible to simulate the entire earthquake response process for a building.This study proposed a numerical dynamic inelastic earthquake response model for a single-story unreinforced masonry building,using the ABAQUS program.Three levels of earthquake provision were considered:(1) the unreinforced masonry building,with no reinforced concrete(RC) tie columns or RC tie beams;(2) the unreinforced masonry building,including RC tie columns and RC tie beams;(3) the masonry building with reinforced steel in the corners and joints between the horizontal wall and the longitudinal wall and including RC tie columns and RC tie beams.Concrete damaged plasticity was used to represent the behavior of the masonry wall.Masonry in compression was modeled as an elastic-plastic material,and the stress-strain behavior of concrete in compression was assumed to be linear elastic.The earthquake response processes of the three models were simulated from the record of the Wenchuan earthquake,located in Wen County of GanSu province.The analysis results indicated that the numerical method is a better tool for simulating the masonry building earthquake response process.The earthquake measures are very important for improving buildings in the countryside.
Earthquake experience indicates that the buildings of the countryside have sustained more serious damage and destruction than city buildings during recent earthquakes in China.A main reason is that rural buildings have not been strictly designed and constructed according to codes.The Code for Seismic Design of Buildings has been under development for fifty years in China,but it has been given few chances to guide building construction at the countryside's lower economic level.Rural buildings have been constructed by the owners themselves and lack basic earthquake provisions,causing rural buildings to be easily damaged during earthquakes.For this reason,some measures have been proposed in recent years for improving the seismic performance of rural buildings.But most earthquake guidelines have not been verified by building model experiments or actual earthquake experiences.Fortunately,as numerical simulation skills develop,it is becoming possible to simulate the entire earthquake response process for a building.This study proposed a numerical dynamic inelastic earthquake response model for a single-story unreinforced masonry building,using the ABAQUS program.Three levels of earthquake provision were considered:(1) the unreinforced masonry building,with no reinforced concrete(RC) tie columns or RC tie beams;(2) the unreinforced masonry building,including RC tie columns and RC tie beams;(3) the masonry building with reinforced steel in the corners and joints between the horizontal wall and the longitudinal wall and including RC tie columns and RC tie beams.Concrete damaged plasticity was used to represent the behavior of the masonry wall.Masonry in compression was modeled as an elastic-plastic material,and the stress-strain behavior of concrete in compression was assumed to be linear elastic.The earthquake response processes of the three models were simulated from the record of the Wenchuan earthquake,located in Wen County of GanSu province.The analysis results indicated that the numerical method is a better tool for simulating the masonry building earthquake response process.The earthquake measures are very important for improving buildings in the countryside.
引文
[1]刘玮,吴志坚,马宏旺,等.汶川大地震甘肃陇南地区建筑震害调查[J].西北地震学报,2010,32(2):179-185.LIU Wei,WU Zhi-jian,MA Hong-wang,et al.Damage In-vestigation of Buildings in Southern Gansu Province during the Wenchuan M S 8.0Earthquake[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,2010,32(2):179-185.
[2]徐舜华,王兰民,王强,等.甘肃武都典型夯土民房承重墙体抗剪强度试验研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(4):354-358.XU Shun-hua,WANG Lan-ming,WANG Qiang,et al.Ex-perimental Study on Shear Strength of Typical Rammed Earth Wall in Wudu Area,Gansu Province[J].Northwestern Seis-mological Journal,2011,33(4):354-358.
[3]王兰民,陶裕禄,袁一凡,等.中国地震安全农居示范工程综述[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(4):305-311.WANG Lan-min,TAO Yu-lu,YUAN Yi-fan,et al.Summa-ry of the Seismic Safe Rural Houses Project[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(4):305-311.
[4]ABAQUS Inc.Abaqus GUI Toolkit User's Manual[M].USA:ABAQUS Inc.,2009.
[5]王国珏.装配式构造柱约束砌体墙抗震性能的非线性模拟分析[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.WANG Guo-jue.Nonlinear Anti-seismic Simulation and Anal-ysis of Masonry Structure with Assembly Columns[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2010.
[6]Paikara S,Rai D C.Confining Masonry Using Precast RC Ele-ment for Enhanced Earthquake Resistanc[A]∥Proceedings of the8 th U.S.National Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].San Francisco,USA,2006:1177-1125.
[7]周强.砌体结构抗震试验及弹塑性地震反应分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012.ZHOU Qiang.Seismic Test and Elastic-plastic Seismic Re-sponse Analysis of Masonry Structure[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012.
[8]刘桂秋.砌体结构基本受力性能的研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.LIU Gui-qiu.The Research on the Basic Mechanical Behavior of Masonry Structure[D].Changcha:Hunan University,2005.
[9]甘肃省建设厅.甘肃省村镇抗震农宅设计图集[S].2008.Gansu Province Construction.Rural building Seismic Design Atlas of Gansu Province[S].2008.
[2]徐舜华,王兰民,王强,等.甘肃武都典型夯土民房承重墙体抗剪强度试验研究[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(4):354-358.XU Shun-hua,WANG Lan-ming,WANG Qiang,et al.Ex-perimental Study on Shear Strength of Typical Rammed Earth Wall in Wudu Area,Gansu Province[J].Northwestern Seis-mological Journal,2011,33(4):354-358.
[3]王兰民,陶裕禄,袁一凡,等.中国地震安全农居示范工程综述[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(4):305-311.WANG Lan-min,TAO Yu-lu,YUAN Yi-fan,et al.Summa-ry of the Seismic Safe Rural Houses Project[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2005,27(4):305-311.
[4]ABAQUS Inc.Abaqus GUI Toolkit User's Manual[M].USA:ABAQUS Inc.,2009.
[5]王国珏.装配式构造柱约束砌体墙抗震性能的非线性模拟分析[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.WANG Guo-jue.Nonlinear Anti-seismic Simulation and Anal-ysis of Masonry Structure with Assembly Columns[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2010.
[6]Paikara S,Rai D C.Confining Masonry Using Precast RC Ele-ment for Enhanced Earthquake Resistanc[A]∥Proceedings of the8 th U.S.National Conference on Earthquake Engineering[C].San Francisco,USA,2006:1177-1125.
[7]周强.砌体结构抗震试验及弹塑性地震反应分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2012.ZHOU Qiang.Seismic Test and Elastic-plastic Seismic Re-sponse Analysis of Masonry Structure[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2012.
[8]刘桂秋.砌体结构基本受力性能的研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.LIU Gui-qiu.The Research on the Basic Mechanical Behavior of Masonry Structure[D].Changcha:Hunan University,2005.
[9]甘肃省建设厅.甘肃省村镇抗震农宅设计图集[S].2008.Gansu Province Construction.Rural building Seismic Design Atlas of Gansu Province[S].2008.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心