露天矿边坡微地震监测研究综述
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摘要
对现有的各类露天矿山边坡监测技术进行总结分析,阐明微地震监测技术在岩石破裂信息采集、分析等方面的独特优势。通过详述微地震边坡监测技术的发展历程与现状,并结合国外露天矿微地震边坡监测实例分析,表明该技术不仅能实现对边坡地表位移超前30~45 d的监测预警,判定边坡体内部活跃地质层、分析边坡内部岩石破坏机制,还能将人类采掘活动及自然环境变化对露天矿边坡内部岩体的影响以微地震事件数量、能量矩、发展变化趋势等定量化形式予以解释,最后指出目前微地震技术应用于露天矿边坡监测时,在软硬件设备、地下水影响评估、定位精度、露天矿噪音过滤及信号到达辨识等方面存在的问题,并对该技术未来的改进方向和应用前景进行讨论。
By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of existing monitoring technology in open-pit mines,the unique advantages of micro-seismic monitoring technology in rock failure information collection and analysis were described. By detailing the development and current situation of micro-seismic slope monitoring technology,and combining with the instances analysis of micro-seismic slope monitoring abroad,it was indicated that the technology can not only implement the slope surface displacement prediction with 30–45 days in advance,determine the slope active geological layers internal,the rock slope failure mechanism inside,but also explain the influence on the rock mass slope inside by human activities and natural environment changing with the number of micro seismic events,torque,energy development trends and other forms of quantitative interpretation. At last,the problems of software and hardware equipment,influence assessment of underground water,precision of micro-seismic events location,noise filtering and the identification of signals arrival were put forward when it was applied in open-pit mine,and the improvement and application prospect in future were discussed.
By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of existing monitoring technology in open-pit mines,the unique advantages of micro-seismic monitoring technology in rock failure information collection and analysis were described. By detailing the development and current situation of micro-seismic slope monitoring technology,and combining with the instances analysis of micro-seismic slope monitoring abroad,it was indicated that the technology can not only implement the slope surface displacement prediction with 30–45 days in advance,determine the slope active geological layers internal,the rock slope failure mechanism inside,but also explain the influence on the rock mass slope inside by human activities and natural environment changing with the number of micro seismic events,torque,energy development trends and other forms of quantitative interpretation. At last,the problems of software and hardware equipment,influence assessment of underground water,precision of micro-seismic events location,noise filtering and the identification of signals arrival were put forward when it was applied in open-pit mine,and the improvement and application prospect in future were discussed.
引文
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