基于损伤指数模型的重力坝地震破坏等级划分
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摘要
地震破坏等级划分是重力坝开展易损性分析的基础性工作,但在基于性能的重力坝抗震设计领域,其震害破坏等级划分标准尚无定论。本文基于混凝土塑性损伤力学模型,通过考虑损伤区域分布位置对重力坝整体结构的影响,提出基于整体损伤指数的重力坝破坏等级评价模型,并根据Koyna重力坝和国内5座典型重力坝地震损伤结果的统计分析,建立了损伤指数与大坝震害等级之间的对应关系;以损伤指数量化基于形态的震害等级划分标准,建立相应的量化评价模型,可为重力坝地震易损性分析提供参考。
The work to classify the earthquake disaster is a basic work for seismic vulnerability analysis,but the classification standard is uncertain in the area of gravity dam seismic analysis. In this paper,based on the concrete damage mechanic model,by considering the location of the damage area in the whole structure,a new damage index assessment model is put forward. Also,the corresponding relationship between the seismic damage level and the damage index is established according to statistic damage results of the Koyna and five domestic gravity dams during earthquake. Finally,the quantitative evaluation model using damage index is set up to take the place of the damage assessment model using failure modes. This work can provide reference for the seismic vulnerability analysis of the gravity dam.
The work to classify the earthquake disaster is a basic work for seismic vulnerability analysis,but the classification standard is uncertain in the area of gravity dam seismic analysis. In this paper,based on the concrete damage mechanic model,by considering the location of the damage area in the whole structure,a new damage index assessment model is put forward. Also,the corresponding relationship between the seismic damage level and the damage index is established according to statistic damage results of the Koyna and five domestic gravity dams during earthquake. Finally,the quantitative evaluation model using damage index is set up to take the place of the damage assessment model using failure modes. This work can provide reference for the seismic vulnerability analysis of the gravity dam.
引文
[1]Williams S M,Robert G.Seismic assessment of concrete bridges using inelastic damage analysis[J].Engineering Structures,1997,19(3):208-2.
[2]Park Y J,Ang H S.Mechanistic seismic damage model of reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1985,111:722-739.
[3]Ghobarah A,Elfath H A,Ashraf B.Response-based damage assessment of structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28:79-104.
[4]江近仁,孙景江.砖结构的地震破坏模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,1987,7(1):20-34.JIANG Jinren,SUN Jingjiang.The earthquake damagemodel of brick structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1987,7(1):20-34.(in Chinese)
[5]欧进萍,牛荻涛,王光远.多层非线性抗震钢结构的模糊动力可靠性分析与设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(4):27-37.OU Jinping,NIU Ditao,WANG Guangyuan.Fuzzy dynamical reliability analysis and design of multi-storey nonlinear aseismic steel structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1990,10(4):27-37.(in Chinese)
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[9]刘伯权,白绍良,刘鸣.抗震结构的等效延性破坏准则及其子结构试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(3):77-83.LIU Boquan,BAI Shaoliang,LIU Ming.Equivalent ductility damage criteria of earthquake-resistant structures and their verification by substructure method[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1997,17(3):77-83.(in Chinese)
[10]李宏男,何浩详.利用能力谱法对结构地震损伤评估简化方法[J].大连理工大学学报,2004,44(2):267-270.LI Hongnan,HE Haoxiang.A simplified approach for seismic damage assessment based on capacity spectrum method[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2004,44(2):267-270.(in Chinese)
[11]陶能付,夏颂佑.大坝的地震灾害损失预测研究[J].河海大学学报,1998,26(1):88-92.TAO Nengfu,XIA Songyou.Assessment of earthquake-induced losses of dams[J].Journal of Hohai University:Natural Sciences,1998,26(1):88-92.(in Chinese)
[12]钟红,李晓燕,林皋.基于破坏形态的重力坝地震易损性研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2012,52(1):60-65.ZHONG Hong,LI Xiaoyan,LIN Gao.Analyses of failure modes-based seismic fragility of gravity dams[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2012,52(1):60-65.(in Chinese)
[13]寇立夯,金峰,张楚汉,等.重力坝地震整体损伤指数的初步探索[J].中国水利,2008(11),28-30.KOU Lihang,JIN Feng,ZHANG Chuhan.Exploratory development of global seismic damage indices of concrete gravity dam China[J].China Water Resources,2008(11),28-30.(in Chinese)
[14]Lubliner J,Oliver J,Oller S,et al.A plastic-damage model for concrete[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1989,25(3):229-326.
[15]范书立,陈明阳,陈健云,等.基于能量耗散碾压混凝土重力坝地震损伤分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):271-275.FAN Shuli,CHEN Mingyang,CHEN Jianyun,et al.Seismic damage analysis of a concrete gravity dam based on energy dissipation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(4):271-275.(in Chinese)
[16]张社荣,王高辉,孙博,等.基于扩展有限元法的重力坝强震潜在失效模式分析[J].水利学报,2012,43(12):1431-1439.ZHANG Sherong,WANG Gaohui,SUN Bo,et al Seismic potential failure mode of gravity dam based on extended finite element method[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(12):1431-1439.(in Chinese)
[17]尹之潜.地震灾害损失预测研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1991,11(4):87-96.YIN Zhiqian.A study for prediction earthquake disaster loss[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1991,11(4):87-96.(in Chinese)
[18]National Research Council(U.S.).Earthquake engineering for concrete dams:design,performance,and research needs[M].National Academies Press.USA 1990:99-100.
[2]Park Y J,Ang H S.Mechanistic seismic damage model of reinforced concrete[J].Journal of Structural Engineering(ASCE),1985,111:722-739.
[3]Ghobarah A,Elfath H A,Ashraf B.Response-based damage assessment of structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1999,28:79-104.
[4]江近仁,孙景江.砖结构的地震破坏模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,1987,7(1):20-34.JIANG Jinren,SUN Jingjiang.The earthquake damagemodel of brick structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1987,7(1):20-34.(in Chinese)
[5]欧进萍,牛荻涛,王光远.多层非线性抗震钢结构的模糊动力可靠性分析与设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(4):27-37.OU Jinping,NIU Ditao,WANG Guangyuan.Fuzzy dynamical reliability analysis and design of multi-storey nonlinear aseismic steel structure[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1990,10(4):27-37.(in Chinese)
[6]欧进萍,何政,吴斌,等.钢筋混凝土结构基于地震损伤性能的设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(1):21-30.OU Jinping,HE Zheng,WU Bin,et al.Seismic damage performace-based design of reinforced concrete structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1999,19(1):21-30.(in Chinese)
[7]牛荻涛,任利杰.改进的钢筋混凝土结构双参数地震破坏模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,(4):44-54.NIU Ditao,REN Lijie.A modified seismic damage model with double variables for reinforced concrete structures[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1996,16(4):44-54.(in Chinese)
[8]吕大刚,王光远.基于损伤性能的抗震结构最优设防水准的决策方法[J].土木工程学报,2001,34(1):44-49.LU Dagang,WANG Guangyuan.Decision-making method of optimal fortification level for aseismic structures based on damage performance[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2001,34(1):44-49.(in Chinese)
[9]刘伯权,白绍良,刘鸣.抗震结构的等效延性破坏准则及其子结构试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,1997,17(3):77-83.LIU Boquan,BAI Shaoliang,LIU Ming.Equivalent ductility damage criteria of earthquake-resistant structures and their verification by substructure method[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1997,17(3):77-83.(in Chinese)
[10]李宏男,何浩详.利用能力谱法对结构地震损伤评估简化方法[J].大连理工大学学报,2004,44(2):267-270.LI Hongnan,HE Haoxiang.A simplified approach for seismic damage assessment based on capacity spectrum method[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2004,44(2):267-270.(in Chinese)
[11]陶能付,夏颂佑.大坝的地震灾害损失预测研究[J].河海大学学报,1998,26(1):88-92.TAO Nengfu,XIA Songyou.Assessment of earthquake-induced losses of dams[J].Journal of Hohai University:Natural Sciences,1998,26(1):88-92.(in Chinese)
[12]钟红,李晓燕,林皋.基于破坏形态的重力坝地震易损性研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2012,52(1):60-65.ZHONG Hong,LI Xiaoyan,LIN Gao.Analyses of failure modes-based seismic fragility of gravity dams[J].Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2012,52(1):60-65.(in Chinese)
[13]寇立夯,金峰,张楚汉,等.重力坝地震整体损伤指数的初步探索[J].中国水利,2008(11),28-30.KOU Lihang,JIN Feng,ZHANG Chuhan.Exploratory development of global seismic damage indices of concrete gravity dam China[J].China Water Resources,2008(11),28-30.(in Chinese)
[14]Lubliner J,Oliver J,Oller S,et al.A plastic-damage model for concrete[J].International Journal of Solids and Structures,1989,25(3):229-326.
[15]范书立,陈明阳,陈健云,等.基于能量耗散碾压混凝土重力坝地震损伤分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):271-275.FAN Shuli,CHEN Mingyang,CHEN Jianyun,et al.Seismic damage analysis of a concrete gravity dam based on energy dissipation[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(4):271-275.(in Chinese)
[16]张社荣,王高辉,孙博,等.基于扩展有限元法的重力坝强震潜在失效模式分析[J].水利学报,2012,43(12):1431-1439.ZHANG Sherong,WANG Gaohui,SUN Bo,et al Seismic potential failure mode of gravity dam based on extended finite element method[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(12):1431-1439.(in Chinese)
[17]尹之潜.地震灾害损失预测研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1991,11(4):87-96.YIN Zhiqian.A study for prediction earthquake disaster loss[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1991,11(4):87-96.(in Chinese)
[18]National Research Council(U.S.).Earthquake engineering for concrete dams:design,performance,and research needs[M].National Academies Press.USA 1990:99-100.
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