汶川地震区东河口滑坡破坏机制FLAC模拟分析
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摘要
以汶川地震触发的东河口滑坡为典型案例,根据野外调查结果建立震前地质模型,将实测的汶川地震波作为动力输入,采用FLAC有限差分法对该滑坡分别进行了静力稳定性分析及动力稳定性分析。计算结果表明:竖向峰值加速度导致了边坡的稳定性系数大幅降低,对边坡的破坏起着不可忽视的作用;另外,竖向峰值加速度引起了边坡后缘大面积的拉张破坏,这正是汶川地震引起西南山区产生大量崩滑甚至岩土体"抛掷"现象的一个重要因素。
Taking the Donghekou rockslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake as a case study,the geological model before the earthquake was established based on field investigation.Using the real seismic wave on May 12,2008,the static and dynamic stability analysis of the Donghekou rockslide was carried out with the software FLAC.The results show that the vertical peak acceleration had led to significant reduction in the slope stability factors,as a result,it played an important role in the slope failure.In addition,large-scale tensile failure at the main scarp of rockslides occurred due to the peak ground acceleration,which was just the reason for the occurrence of a large number of rockslides and rockfalls and even for soil and rock masses "throwing out" in southwest areas triggered by the great Wenchuan earthquake.
Taking the Donghekou rockslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake as a case study,the geological model before the earthquake was established based on field investigation.Using the real seismic wave on May 12,2008,the static and dynamic stability analysis of the Donghekou rockslide was carried out with the software FLAC.The results show that the vertical peak acceleration had led to significant reduction in the slope stability factors,as a result,it played an important role in the slope failure.In addition,large-scale tensile failure at the main scarp of rockslides occurred due to the peak ground acceleration,which was just the reason for the occurrence of a large number of rockslides and rockfalls and even for soil and rock masses "throwing out" in southwest areas triggered by the great Wenchuan earthquake.
引文
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[2]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发的地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592.[HUANG R Q,LIW L.Research on development and distribution rulesof geohazards induced by Wenchuan earthquake on12th May,2008[J].Chinese journal of rockmechanics and engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2592.(in Chinese)]
[3]殷跃平,潘桂棠,刘宇平,等.汶川地震地质与滑坡灾害概论[M].北京:地质出版社,2009.[YINY P,PAN G T,LIU Y P,et al.Great Wenchuanearthquake:seismogeology and landslide hazards[M].Beijing:The Geological Publishing House,2009.(in Chinese)]
[4]许强,黄润秋.5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):721-729.[XU Q,HUANG R Q.Kineticscharacteristics of large landslides triggered by May12th Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal ofengineering geology,2008,16(6):721-729.(inChinese)]
[5]WANG F W,CHENG Q G,LYNN H,et al.Preliminary investigation of some large landslidestriggered by Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,SichuanProvince,China[J].Landslides,2009,6(1):47-54.
[6]QIAN Pei-feng.The serious effect of vertical seismicforce[J].Journal of seismological research,1988,6(2):227-250.
[7]钱培风.竖向地震力[J].地震工程与工程振动,1983,3(2):44-54.[QIAN P F.Vertical seismicforce[J].Earthquake engineering and engineeringvibration,1983,3(2):44-54.(in Chinese)]
[8]周正华,周雍年,卢滔,等.竖向地震动特征研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(3):25-29.[ZHOU Z H,ZHOU Y N,LU T,et al.Study onthe characteristics of vertical ground motion[J].Earthquake engineering and engineering vibration,2003,23(3):25-29(in Chinese)]
[9]郑颖人,叶海林,黄润秋.地震边坡破坏机制及其破裂面的分析探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(8):1714-1723.[ZHENG Y R,YE H L,HUANG R Q.Analysis and discussion of failuremechanism and fracture surface of slope underearthquake[J].Chinese journal of rock mechanicsand engineering,2009,28(8):1714-1723.(inChinese)]
[10]郑颖人,陈祖煜,王恭先,等.边坡与滑坡工程治理[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.[ZHENG YR,CHEN Z Y,WANG G X,et al.Engineeringtreatment of slope and landslide[M].Beijing:ChinaCommunications Press,2007.(in Chinese)]
[11]于海英,王栋,杨永强,等.汶川8.0级地震强震动加速度记录的初步分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):1-13.[YU H Y,WANG D,YANG Y Q,et al.The preliminary analysis of strongground motion records from the Ms8.0 WenchuanEarthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineeringand Engineering Vibration,2009,29(1):1-13.(inChinese)]
[12]廖振鹏,刘晶波.波动有限元模拟的基本问题[J].中国科学B辑,1992,35(8):874-882.[LIAO Z P,LIU J B.Basic problems of finiteelement simulation on fluctuations[J].Science ChinaB Series,1992,35(8):874-882.(in Chinese)]
[13]刘晶波,吕彦东.结构-地基动力相互作用问题分析的一种直接方法[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3):55-64.[LIU J B,LV Y D.A direct methodon structure-foundation dynamic interaction analysis[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,1998,31(3):55-64.(in Chinese)]
[14]FLAC(Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua)User's Guide,Version 5.0[M].Minneapolis,Minnesota:Itasca Consulting Group,Inc,2005.
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