汶川地震对龙门山地区平通河河流系统沉积物输移的影响
摘要
通过对龙门山地区2008年9月和2010年8月发生的大规模的滑坡和泥石流地质灾害的实地考察,并在详细分析龙门山北段平通河地震前后输沙率变化情况的基础上,对龙门山地区2008年汶川地震驱动的地质灾害空间分布情况、龙门山地区地形地貌特征和龙门山地区降水空间分布情况作对比分析,获得以下认识:①汶川地震对该区地质灾害的影响将是持续的,震后地质灾害形成的松散物源将以河流为载体,被输送到下游,并对下游水利建设、防洪防涝等产生较大影响;②构造因素(汶川地震)和地形地貌因素为地质灾害发生的根本原因,气候(降水量和降水强度)则为直接诱发因素。
Based on the field research on the massive landslide and debris flow happened in September 2008 and August 2010 in Longmen Shan area,and analyzing the change of sediment transport rate before and after the earthquake in Pingtong river in the north Longmen Shan,comparing the spatial distribution of geological hazards triggered by Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,the topography of Longmen Shan,and the spatial distribution of precipitation,the following conclusions are gotten: ①Wenchuan earthquake will have a sustained impact on the geological hazards in the region.After earthquake,the loose deposits will be transported to downstream in the river system,and will have a substantial impact on the water conservancy and the control of flood and water-logging in downstream.②Structural factor(Wenchuan earthquake) and the topography are the main cause of the geological hazards,and the climate(precipitation and rain intensity) is the direct inducing factor.<
Based on the field research on the massive landslide and debris flow happened in September 2008 and August 2010 in Longmen Shan area,and analyzing the change of sediment transport rate before and after the earthquake in Pingtong river in the north Longmen Shan,comparing the spatial distribution of geological hazards triggered by Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,the topography of Longmen Shan,and the spatial distribution of precipitation,the following conclusions are gotten: ①Wenchuan earthquake will have a sustained impact on the geological hazards in the region.After earthquake,the loose deposits will be transported to downstream in the river system,and will have a substantial impact on the water conservancy and the control of flood and water-logging in downstream.②Structural factor(Wenchuan earthquake) and the topography are the main cause of the geological hazards,and the climate(precipitation and rain intensity) is the direct inducing factor.<
引文
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[2]李勇,周荣军,DENSMORE A L,等.映秀-北川断裂的地表破裂与变形特征[J].地质学报,2008,82(12):1688-1705.
[3]李勇,黄润秋,周荣军,等.龙门山地震带的地质背景与汶川地震的地表破裂[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(1):3-16.
[4]黄润秋.汶川8.0级地震触发崩滑灾害机制及其地质力学模式[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1239-1249.
[5]黄润秋.“5.12”汶川大地震地质灾害的基本特征及其对灾后重建影响的建议[J].中国地质教育,2008,(2):21-24.
[6]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592.
[7]李勇,周荣军,DENSMORE A L,等.青藏高原东缘大陆动力学过程与地质响应[M].北京:地质出版社,2006.
[8]黄润秋,李为乐.汶川地震触发崩塌滑坡数量及其密度特征分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2009,20(3):1-7.
[9]PARKER R N,DENSMORE A L,ROSSER N J,et al.Masswasting triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake is greaterthan orogenic growth[J].Nature Geoscience,2011,4:449-452.
[10]唐川,梁京涛.汶川震区北川9.24暴雨泥石流特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):751-758.
[11]许强.四川省8.13特大泥石流灾害特点、成因与启示[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(5):596-608.
[12]秦绪文,张志,杨军杰,等.5.12汶川地震四川省平武县次生地质灾害遥感分析[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(2):12-15.
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