灾害救援药材保障的模块化设计研究
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摘要
目的 :应用模块化原理 ,在系统分析常见灾害药材需求的基础上 ,研究建立灾害救援药材的基本模块和模块组装方法。 方法 :根据模块化原理 ,应用聚类分析法、Delphi法和决策分析法 ,建立药材基本模块和模块组装方案。 结果 :用于常见灾害救援的药材可以划分为急救模块、公共模块、灾害专用救治模块。地震灾害应按灾情的不同阶段 ,选用不同的组装比例 ;水灾灾害应按 2个急救模块、3个公共模块、4个水灾模块组成。结论 :本研究首次提出了药材模块化保障方法 ,建立了模块的合理划分和有效组合 ,为解决灾害救援的药材保障提供了一个新的途径
Objective: To analyze the characteristic of medical demand in disaster relief, and to design basic modular units and establish the way to assemble according to the principle of modularity. Methods: Based on the principles of modularity, modularity was designed with cluster analysis, Delphi method and decision making analysis. Results: The common medications used in disaster relief were divided into emergency care module, common disease relief module and disaster related disease rescue module. The way to assemble the 3 modules varied with the change of casualties in different phase of the earthquake assistance, and the proportion for the flood medical assistance teams was 2 emergency care modules, 3 common disease relief modules and 4 flood related disease rescue modules. Conclusion: A new way is found to solve the problem of disaster medical supply by means of the modular theory.
Objective: To analyze the characteristic of medical demand in disaster relief, and to design basic modular units and establish the way to assemble according to the principle of modularity. Methods: Based on the principles of modularity, modularity was designed with cluster analysis, Delphi method and decision making analysis. Results: The common medications used in disaster relief were divided into emergency care module, common disease relief module and disaster related disease rescue module. The way to assemble the 3 modules varied with the change of casualties in different phase of the earthquake assistance, and the proportion for the flood medical assistance teams was 2 emergency care modules, 3 common disease relief modules and 4 flood related disease rescue modules. Conclusion: A new way is found to solve the problem of disaster medical supply by means of the modular theory.
引文
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[13]李翠金.中国暴雨洪涝灾害的统计分析[J].灾害学,1996,11(1):59-63.LiCJ.A statistical analysis of the storm flood disasters inChi-na[J].Zaihaixue(J Catastrop hol),1996,11(1):59-63
[2] AnthonyR.NesbittVendor-managed medical supply sets[J].ArmyLogistician,1998,(7-8):34-35.
[3] 范杰民,卢 杰,韩军良.华北某部抗洪抢险期间患病情况调查[J].解放军预防医学杂志,1997,15(4):289-290.
[4] 周佰琪,彭世喜,阳新安,等.抗洪抢险部队伤病情况分析[J].解放军预防医学杂志,1999,17(2):54-55.
[5] DavidST.Illnesses and injuries at disaster application centersfollowing the1994NorthridgeEarthquake[J].MilMed,1996,161(9):526-530.
[6] 刘仁勤.炮兵部队模拟实战条件下疾病分析与防护对策[J].解放军预防医学杂志,1999,17(4):291-292.
[7] L eeE,FonsecaV,BrettKM,et al.Active morbidity surveil-lance afterHurricaneAndrewFlorida1992[J].JAMA,1993,270(5):591-594.
[8] HainessET,WeldenbachB.Planning for medical support ofdisasters[J].MilMed,1993,158:680-683.
[9] DeBruycker,GrecoD,AnninoI,et al.The1980 earthquake insouthernItaly:rescue of trapped victim s and m ortality[J].BullWorldH ealthOrgan,1983,61:1021-1025.
[10]NojiEK,KelenGD,ArmenianHK,et al.The1988earthquakeinSovietArmenia:A case study[J].AnnEmergMed,1990,19:891-897.
[11]Kuwagata,OdaJ,TanakeH,et al.Analysis of2702 trauma-tized patients in the1995Hanshin-AwajiEarthquake[J].JTrauma,1997,43(3):427-432.
[12]RocesMC,WhileME,DayritNM,et alRisk factors for in-juries due to the1990 earthquake inL uzon,Philippines[J].BullWorldH ealthOrgan,1992,70(4):509-514.
[13]李翠金.中国暴雨洪涝灾害的统计分析[J].灾害学,1996,11(1):59-63.LiCJ.A statistical analysis of the storm flood disasters inChi-na[J].Zaihaixue(J Catastrop hol),1996,11(1):59-63
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