川中地区长兴组生物礁地震沉积学研究
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摘要
地震沉积学是用地震方法研究沉积岩及其形成过程的学科,是继地震地层学、层序地层学之后的新兴边缘学科。利用分频解释、相位调整和地层切片等关键技术对四川盆地长兴组生物礁进行了地震沉积学研究。结果表明:利用分频技术能够建立研究区精细等时地层构架;经过相位调整后的地震数据使地震道近似于波阻抗剖面,可提高剖面的可解释性;地层切片技术与地震属性分析技术相结合比常规振幅和相位切片在描述生物礁的横向变化和展现不同的沉积特征方面更加有效。实例分析表明,地震沉积学在沉积相分析和生物礁预测方面具有独特的优势。
Seismic sedimentology is a subject using seismic method to make researches on sedimentary rocks and their formation processes.It is a new marginal intersection subject following the seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy.Using the technologies of frequency division,phase shift and stratal slicing,this paper studies seismic sedimentology of the organic reef from the Changxing Formation of Sichuan basin.The results show that using the frequency division technology can create fine isochronous stratigraphic framework;phase shift seismic data are similar to wave impedance data and prone to interpretative;the combination of stratal slicing and seismic attributes analysis is more effective than the conventional amplitude slices on capturing the tiny lateral changes and displaying the various depositional characteristics.Examples showed that seismic sedimentology has unique advantages in the analysis of sedimentary facies and the forecast of organic reef.
Seismic sedimentology is a subject using seismic method to make researches on sedimentary rocks and their formation processes.It is a new marginal intersection subject following the seismic stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy.Using the technologies of frequency division,phase shift and stratal slicing,this paper studies seismic sedimentology of the organic reef from the Changxing Formation of Sichuan basin.The results show that using the frequency division technology can create fine isochronous stratigraphic framework;phase shift seismic data are similar to wave impedance data and prone to interpretative;the combination of stratal slicing and seismic attributes analysis is more effective than the conventional amplitude slices on capturing the tiny lateral changes and displaying the various depositional characteristics.Examples showed that seismic sedimentology has unique advantages in the analysis of sedimentary facies and the forecast of organic reef.
引文
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[6]Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo,Dong Chunmei.Concept of seismicsedi mentology and its preli minary application[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2007,28(2):69-73.[林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-73.]
[7]Liu Baoguo,Liu Lihui.Application of applied seismic sedi m-entologyin sedi mentaryfacies analyseis[J].Geophysicai Pros-pectino for Petroleum,2008,47(3):267-271.[刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):267-271.]
[8]Bi Changchun,Li Lianxin,Mei Yan,et al.Geological controlfactors of Changxing organic reef distribution and seismic pre-diction techniques,east Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2007,18(4):509-513.[毕长春,李联新,梅燕,等.川东长兴组生物礁分布控制因素及地震识别技术[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):509-513.]
[9]Zeng H L,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 900-phasewavelets:Part 1-modeling[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):7-15.
[10]Zeng H L,Kerans C.Secismic frequency control on carbonateseismic stratigraphy:A case study of the King dom Abo se-quence,west Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):273-293.
[11]Lin Yun.Study on application of basie seismic attributes tointerpretation of depositional environment[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2003,38(6):642-653.[凌云.基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):642-653.]
[12]Yang Zhanlong,Guo Jingyi,Chen Qilin,et al.Multi-parame-ters of seismic and subtle rerervoir exploration-take the XNregion of J H basin as an example[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2004,15(6):628-632.[杨占龙,郭精义,陈启林,等.地震信息多参数综合分析与岩性油气藏勘探———以J H盆地XN地区为例[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(6):628-632.]
[13]Huang Yunfeng,Yang Zhanlong,Guo Jingyi,et al.Seismic at-rribute analysis and application in subtle traps exploration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):739-742.[黄云峰,杨占龙,郭精义,等.地震属性分析及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):739-742.]
[2]Zeng HL,Stephen C H,Riola J P.Stratal slicing,partⅡ:Real3Dseismic data[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[3]Zeng H L,Ambrose W.Seismic sedi mentology and regionaldepositional systemsin Mioceno Norte,Lake Maracaibo,Ven-ezuelal[J].The Leading Edge,2001,20(11):1260-1269.
[4]Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Zeng Hongliu,et al.Study of seis-mic sedi mentology in Qinan sag[J].Journal of China Univer-sity of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2008,32(4):8-11.[董艳蕾,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.歧南凹陷地震沉积学研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(4):8-11.]
[5]Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Discussion onseveral issues about seismic sedi ment-tology[J].Oil Geophys-ical Prospecting,2006,41(4):405-410.[董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-410.]
[6]Lin Chengyan,Zhang Xianguo,Dong Chunmei.Concept of seismicsedi mentology and its preli minary application[J].Acta PetroleiSinica,2007,28(2):69-73.[林承焰,张宪国,董春梅.地震沉积学及其初步应用[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):69-73.]
[7]Liu Baoguo,Liu Lihui.Application of applied seismic sedi m-entologyin sedi mentaryfacies analyseis[J].Geophysicai Pros-pectino for Petroleum,2008,47(3):267-271.[刘保国,刘力辉.实用地震沉积学在沉积相分析中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(3):267-271.]
[8]Bi Changchun,Li Lianxin,Mei Yan,et al.Geological controlfactors of Changxing organic reef distribution and seismic pre-diction techniques,east Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2007,18(4):509-513.[毕长春,李联新,梅燕,等.川东长兴组生物礁分布控制因素及地震识别技术[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(4):509-513.]
[9]Zeng H L,Backus M M.Interpretive advantages of 900-phasewavelets:Part 1-modeling[J].Geophysics,2005,70(3):7-15.
[10]Zeng H L,Kerans C.Secismic frequency control on carbonateseismic stratigraphy:A case study of the King dom Abo se-quence,west Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(2):273-293.
[11]Lin Yun.Study on application of basie seismic attributes tointerpretation of depositional environment[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting,2003,38(6):642-653.[凌云.基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):642-653.]
[12]Yang Zhanlong,Guo Jingyi,Chen Qilin,et al.Multi-parame-ters of seismic and subtle rerervoir exploration-take the XNregion of J H basin as an example[J].Natural Gas Geosci-ence,2004,15(6):628-632.[杨占龙,郭精义,陈启林,等.地震信息多参数综合分析与岩性油气藏勘探———以J H盆地XN地区为例[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(6):628-632.]
[13]Huang Yunfeng,Yang Zhanlong,Guo Jingyi,et al.Seismic at-rribute analysis and application in subtle traps exploration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):739-742.[黄云峰,杨占龙,郭精义,等.地震属性分析及其在岩性油气藏勘探中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):739-742.]
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