泰安市城市社区居民突发公共卫生事件认知状况及需求调查
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摘要
[目的]了解城市社区居民对突发公共卫生事件的认知水平与需求状况,为制定适宜的教育方法,提高社区居民突发公共卫生事件的认知水平提供科学依据。[方法]2010年,我们在泰安市抽取2个街道4个居委会的1 650名18岁以上常住城市社区居民进行调查。[结果]调查1 650人,认为突发公共卫生事件指的是"重大传染病疫情"的占75.31%,是"群体性不明原因疾病"的占60.44%,是"重大食物中毒和职业中毒"的占51.97%,是"严重影响公众健康的事件"的占52.21%,认为上述4种事件都属于突发公共卫生事件范畴的占29.61%。知道上述4种严重影响公众健康事件都属于突发公共卫生事件者所占比例,不同年龄、不同职业、不同文化程度居民之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。居民对突发公共卫生事件分级和预警色的知晓率为39.68%。获取有关突发公共卫生事件知识的主要途径是电视、广播的占69.17%,是报刊的占52.33%,是宣传资料的占40.30%;66.95%的居民最想了解的突发公共卫生事件相关知识是地震、水灾、火灾应急处理措施。[结论]泰安市城市社区居民对突发公共卫生事件的认识不够全面。
[Objective] To understand the awareness on the public health emergencies among residents of urban communities,so as to provide the basis for making proper methods of health education.and improvement of the level of community awareness.[Methods]1 650 permanent residents were selected who were over 18 years old from 4 communities of two sub-districts in Tai'an city,2010.[Results]75.31% of residents believed that public health emergencies referred to "major infectious diseases"."Unexplained diseases","major food poisoning and occupational poisoning","The events that seriously influenced public health" accounted for 60.44%,51.97%,and 52.21% respectively.Only 29.67% of residents believed that the four options were all areas of public health emergencies.The rate of awareness on classification of public health emergencies and early warning color was 39.68%,There were statistical differences(P<0.01) in the account they took for who knew that those that influence public health events were public health emergencies,and residents with different ages,different careers,different degree of education.The main accesses to knowledge of public health emergencies were TV and broadcast(69.17%),newspapers and magazines(52.33%) and public material(40.30%).66.95% of the residents would like to know the emergency management measures of earthquakes,floods,fires and other public health emergencies.[Conclusion]The residents' cognition is one-sided on public health emergencies.
[Objective] To understand the awareness on the public health emergencies among residents of urban communities,so as to provide the basis for making proper methods of health education.and improvement of the level of community awareness.[Methods]1 650 permanent residents were selected who were over 18 years old from 4 communities of two sub-districts in Tai'an city,2010.[Results]75.31% of residents believed that public health emergencies referred to "major infectious diseases"."Unexplained diseases","major food poisoning and occupational poisoning","The events that seriously influenced public health" accounted for 60.44%,51.97%,and 52.21% respectively.Only 29.67% of residents believed that the four options were all areas of public health emergencies.The rate of awareness on classification of public health emergencies and early warning color was 39.68%,There were statistical differences(P<0.01) in the account they took for who knew that those that influence public health events were public health emergencies,and residents with different ages,different careers,different degree of education.The main accesses to knowledge of public health emergencies were TV and broadcast(69.17%),newspapers and magazines(52.33%) and public material(40.30%).66.95% of the residents would like to know the emergency management measures of earthquakes,floods,fires and other public health emergencies.[Conclusion]The residents' cognition is one-sided on public health emergencies.
引文
[1]谭一笑.广州市突发公共卫生事件中信息沟通对公众的影响分析[J].医学理论与实践,2009,20(3):369-371.
[2]胡俊峰.突发公共卫生事件应对的健康教育与健康促进[J].中国健康教育,2004,20(1):37-39.
[3]关静,刘民,梁万年.突发公共卫生事件对公众的知识、心理和行为的影响[J].中国健康教育,2005,21(10):775-777.
[4]张文生,张这伦,周萍.城市突发公共卫生事件的特点及应对策略[J].现代预防医学,2004,33(4):637-638.
[2]胡俊峰.突发公共卫生事件应对的健康教育与健康促进[J].中国健康教育,2004,20(1):37-39.
[3]关静,刘民,梁万年.突发公共卫生事件对公众的知识、心理和行为的影响[J].中国健康教育,2005,21(10):775-777.
[4]张文生,张这伦,周萍.城市突发公共卫生事件的特点及应对策略[J].现代预防医学,2004,33(4):637-638.
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