突发公共事件中公众心理状况及应对方式调查
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摘要
[目的]了解合肥市城区居民突发公共事件发生时的情绪及躯体反应情况、应对方式,为今后突发公共事件发生时适时开展健康教育提供依据。[方法]采用分层整群抽样方法,在瑶海区、庐阳区按一定的年龄结构抽取15～60岁居民为调查对象。用中国健康教育中心统一设计的问卷,由经过统一培训的调查员入户进行调查。应用SPSS15.0进行统计和分析。[结果]共调查811人,调查对象认为近两年来影响前3位的突发公共事件分别为汶川地震(62.3%)、奶粉事件(8.9%)、雪灾(5.2%)。调查对象中通过媒体间接了解的人所占比例最大(78.7%),其次是直接受害者(7.6%)、现场目击者(6.2%)、现场区域的其他人员(5.3%)和救护人员(2.2%)。[结论]本次调查可以看出,国内发生的各类重大事件(特别是汶川地震)无论是否波及合肥,都使合肥市民的心理在一定程度上受到影响。因此,突发公共事件危机心理干预机制的建设也是势在必行。
[Objective] To understand the emotional and physical reaction and response of the individuals living in Hefei after public emergent events, and provide the basis for making group mental intervention strategy. [Methods] With stratified cluster sampling according to age proportion, the residents with the age from 15 to 60 years old who lived in Yaohai and Luyang Districts were selected. The survey developed by Chinese Health Education Center was conducted to the samples. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS15.0. [Results] 811 residents were interviewed. It indicated from the results that the most influential emergent events were Wenchuan Earthquake (62.3%), the Contaminated Milk Powder (8.9%) and the Snow Disaster (5.2%) during the recent two years. In the samples, the main resource from which the sample knew the public emergent events was the media ( 78.7% ) , and the second largest one which accounted for 7.6% was the direct experience of the disaster. [Conclusion] This survey indicates that emergent events (the Wenchuan Earthquake particularly) impact the psychology of residents in Hefei to a certain extent no matter it occurs in Hefei or not. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish the sound mechanism for psychological crisis intervention after public emergent events.
[Objective] To understand the emotional and physical reaction and response of the individuals living in Hefei after public emergent events, and provide the basis for making group mental intervention strategy. [Methods] With stratified cluster sampling according to age proportion, the residents with the age from 15 to 60 years old who lived in Yaohai and Luyang Districts were selected. The survey developed by Chinese Health Education Center was conducted to the samples. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS15.0. [Results] 811 residents were interviewed. It indicated from the results that the most influential emergent events were Wenchuan Earthquake (62.3%), the Contaminated Milk Powder (8.9%) and the Snow Disaster (5.2%) during the recent two years. In the samples, the main resource from which the sample knew the public emergent events was the media ( 78.7% ) , and the second largest one which accounted for 7.6% was the direct experience of the disaster. [Conclusion] This survey indicates that emergent events (the Wenchuan Earthquake particularly) impact the psychology of residents in Hefei to a certain extent no matter it occurs in Hefei or not. In conclusion, it is necessary to establish the sound mechanism for psychological crisis intervention after public emergent events.
引文
[1]国务院.国家突发公共事件总体应急预案[EB].http://news.xin-huanet.com/politics/2006-01/08/content_4024011.htm
[2]姚玉红.地震灾后心理危机干预[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(12):2403-2404.
[3]张维平,操世元.突发公共事件社会心理干预机制的构建[J].山西警官高等专科学校学报,2006,14(2):12-16.
[4]万丽华,钟永红.应对突发公卫生事件医护人员的心理调节[J].实用医技杂志,2006,13(3):438-440.
[5]黄定华,高志强.突发公共事件的心理学分析[J].湖南城市学院学报,2007,27(4):78-80.
[2]姚玉红.地震灾后心理危机干预[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(12):2403-2404.
[3]张维平,操世元.突发公共事件社会心理干预机制的构建[J].山西警官高等专科学校学报,2006,14(2):12-16.
[4]万丽华,钟永红.应对突发公卫生事件医护人员的心理调节[J].实用医技杂志,2006,13(3):438-440.
[5]黄定华,高志强.突发公共事件的心理学分析[J].湖南城市学院学报,2007,27(4):78-80.
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