数字化水位仪观测的苏门答腊大地震激发的地球球型自由振荡
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摘要
利用LN-3型数字化水位仪的观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,获得了2004年12月26日苏门答腊大地震激发的0S3～0S30基频球型自由振荡,并检测到2S1、1S2、1S3、2S5和2S6等5个谐频球型振荡,同时记录到一些明显的振型的谱线分裂现象。用水位观测资料提取了0S3、0S4和2S1等3个振型的谱线分裂周期,虽然3个振型均只得到2个单峰,但地球自由振荡谱线分裂现象的检测为研究地球的深内部结构提供了新的、不同类型的观测资料。研究表明,用数字化水位仪的观测资料可以提取到苏门答腊大地震激发的地球球型振荡,为地球自由振荡的研究提供了一种新的观测手段。
Firstly,by means of LN-3 digital water level meter data and power spectral density estimation method,in the absence of information to deal with the tidal case,we gained the 0S3～0S30 free-oscillation frequency of Sumatra earthquake on 26 December 2004,and also detected 2S1,1S2,1S3,2S5,2S6 5 months spherical harmonic oscillation.Recorded a number of significant modes of the line splitting,the first time the water level data extracted 0S3,0S4,2S1 three modes of splitting of the line cycle,although the three modes are only two single-peak,but the Earth's free oscillation spectrum of split testing to study the phenomenon of the deep internal structure of the Earth provides a new method.Studies have shown that the water level instrument digital data can be extracted is true to the Sumatra earthquake excited oscillation of the Earth's sphere,which for the Study of Earth's free oscillations and provides a new method of observing instruments.The use of digital water level data of the Earth's free oscillations research issue has a bright future.
Firstly,by means of LN-3 digital water level meter data and power spectral density estimation method,in the absence of information to deal with the tidal case,we gained the 0S3～0S30 free-oscillation frequency of Sumatra earthquake on 26 December 2004,and also detected 2S1,1S2,1S3,2S5,2S6 5 months spherical harmonic oscillation.Recorded a number of significant modes of the line splitting,the first time the water level data extracted 0S3,0S4,2S1 three modes of splitting of the line cycle,although the three modes are only two single-peak,but the Earth's free oscillation spectrum of split testing to study the phenomenon of the deep internal structure of the Earth provides a new method.Studies have shown that the water level instrument digital data can be extracted is true to the Sumatra earthquake excited oscillation of the Earth's sphere,which for the Study of Earth's free oscillations and provides a new method of observing instruments.The use of digital water level data of the Earth's free oscillations research issue has a bright future.
引文
薄万举,刘广余,郭良迁,等.2006.印度洋8.7级特大地震后川滇地区地震活动趋势判定[J].地震研究,29(1):1-6.
雷湘鄂,孙和平,许厚泽,等.2007.苏门达腊地地震激发的地球自由振荡及其谱线分裂的检测与讨论[J].中国科学(D辑),37(4):504-511.
雷湘鄂,许厚泽,孙和平.2002.利用超导重力观测资料检测地球自由振荡[J].科学通报,47(18):1432-1436.
雷湘鄂,许厚泽,孙和平.2004.由5个国际超导重力仪台站资料检测到的秘鲁8.2级大地震所激发的球型自由振荡现象[J].中国科学(D辑),34(5):483-491.
吕永清,蔡亚先,周云耀.1997.用JCZ-1超宽频带数字地震仪观测地球自由振荡[J].地壳形变与地震,17(3):103-105.
努尔[美国],科瓦契.1980.岩石中的水力流在地质构造过程中的作用以及对圣安德烈斯断裂系的应用[A]//萨瓦连斯基Eφ.地震前兆探索.傅征祥,胡鸿翔,译.北京:地震出版社,73-75.
邱泽华,马瑾,池顺良,等.2007.钻孔差应变仪观测的苏门答腊大地震激发的地球环型自由振荡[J].地球物理学报,50(3):797-805.
唐磊,邱泽华,阚宝祥.2007.中国钻孔体应变台网观测到的地球球型振荡[J].大地测量与地球动力学,27(6):37-44.
万永革,盛书中,周公威.2007.中国数字地震台网记录的苏门答腊—安达曼地震激发的地球球型自由振荡的检测[J].地震学报,29(4):369-381.
万永革,周公威,郭燕平.2004.昆仑山口西地震激发的地球环型振荡[J].防灾减灾工程学报,24(1):1-7.
万永革,周公威,郭燕平.2005.中国数字地震台网记录的昆仑山口西地震的球型自由振荡[J].地震,25(1):31-40.
万永革.2007.数字信号处理的MATLAB实现[M].北京:科学出版社,252-279.
汪成民,罗光伟,石锡钟.1981.地震前后地下水位异常动态与裂隙演变[J].地震科学研究,(4):1-7.
于海英,朱元清,寿海涛.2006.印度洋9.0级大地震激发的地球球型振荡和环型振荡[J].地球物理学进展,21(3):706-716.
张昭栋,迟镇乐,陈会民,等.2000.井水位的振荡与地震波[J].地震研究,23(4):418-425.
张昭栋,郑金涵,冯初刚.1988.一种估算地震引起应力场调整的新方法[J].地震,8(3):19-27.
中国地震局监测预报司.2002.地下流体数字观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1.
A ls op L E,Sutton G H,Ewing M.1961.Free oscillation of Earth ob-served on strain and pendulum seismographs[J].Geophy Res,66(2):631-641.
B e nioff H,Press F,Smith S.1961.Excitation of the free oscillations ofthe earth by earthquakes[J].Geophys Res,66(2):605-619.
B er oza G C,Jordan TH.1990.Searching for slowand silent earthquakesusing free oscillations[J].Geophys Res,95(B3):2485-2510.
Bo dvarsson G.1970.Confined fluids as strain meters[J].Geophys Res,75:2711-2718.
B o gert B P.1961.An observation of free oscillations of the Earth[J].Geophys Res,66(2):643-646.
B o lt B A,Currie R G.1975.Maximumentropy estimates of Earth torsion-al eigenperiods from1960trieste data.Geophys[J].R Astr Soc,40:107-114.
D a hlen F A,Sailor R V.1979.Rotational and elliptical splitting of thefree oscillations of the earth[J].Geophys J Rastr Soc,58:609-623.
D z iewonski A M,Gillbert F.1972.Observation of normal modes from84recordings of the Alaskan earthquakes0f1964March28[J].Geo-phys J R Astr Soc,27:393-446.
H e X,Tromp J.1996.Normal-mode constraints on the structure of theEarth[J].Geophys Res,110(B9):20053-20082.
L am b H.1882.On the variations of an elastic sphere[J].Lond MathSoc Proc,13:233-256.
M a sters G.198l.Gilbert F Structure of the inner core infered from obser-vations of its spheroidal shear modes[J].Geophys Res Lett,(8):569-571.
Nis hida K,Kobayashi N.1999.Statistical features of Earth s continuousfree oscillations[J].Geophys Res,(104):28741-28750.
N o wroozi A A.1972.Characteristic periods of fundamental and overtoneoscillations of the earth following a deep-focus earthquake[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,(62):247-274.
P ar k J,Song TA,Tromp J,et al.2005.Earth s free oscillations excitedby the26December2004Sumatra Andaman earthquake[J].Sci-ence,308:1139-1146.
Re sovsky J S,Pestana R.2003.Improved normal mode constraints onlower mantle Vp from generalized spectral fitting[J].GeophysRes Lett,(30):1-4.
R o sat S,Sato T,Imanishi Y,et al.2005.High-resolution analysis ofthe gravest seismic normal modes after the2004MW=9Sumatraearthquake using superconducting gravimeter data[J].GeophysRes Lett,32:L133304,doi:10.1029/2005GL023l28.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005a.Speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake[J].Nature,434:581-582.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005b.The2004Sumatra earthquake and India oceant sunami:What happened and why[J].The Earth s Scientist,XXXI(2):6-11.
T a nimota T,Um J.1999.Cause of continuous oscillations of the earth[J].Geophys res,(104):28723-28740.
T an imsota T,Um J,Nishida K,et al.1998.Earth s continuous oscilla-tions observed on seismically quiet days[J].Geophys ResLett,(25):1553-1556.
W idmer-Schnidrig R.1999.Free oscillations illuminate the mantle[J].Nature,(398):292-293.
Z ad ro M,Braitenberg C.1999.Measurements and interpretations of tilt-strain gauges in seismically active areas[J].Earth Science Re-views,47:151-187.
雷湘鄂,孙和平,许厚泽,等.2007.苏门达腊地地震激发的地球自由振荡及其谱线分裂的检测与讨论[J].中国科学(D辑),37(4):504-511.
雷湘鄂,许厚泽,孙和平.2002.利用超导重力观测资料检测地球自由振荡[J].科学通报,47(18):1432-1436.
雷湘鄂,许厚泽,孙和平.2004.由5个国际超导重力仪台站资料检测到的秘鲁8.2级大地震所激发的球型自由振荡现象[J].中国科学(D辑),34(5):483-491.
吕永清,蔡亚先,周云耀.1997.用JCZ-1超宽频带数字地震仪观测地球自由振荡[J].地壳形变与地震,17(3):103-105.
努尔[美国],科瓦契.1980.岩石中的水力流在地质构造过程中的作用以及对圣安德烈斯断裂系的应用[A]//萨瓦连斯基Eφ.地震前兆探索.傅征祥,胡鸿翔,译.北京:地震出版社,73-75.
邱泽华,马瑾,池顺良,等.2007.钻孔差应变仪观测的苏门答腊大地震激发的地球环型自由振荡[J].地球物理学报,50(3):797-805.
唐磊,邱泽华,阚宝祥.2007.中国钻孔体应变台网观测到的地球球型振荡[J].大地测量与地球动力学,27(6):37-44.
万永革,盛书中,周公威.2007.中国数字地震台网记录的苏门答腊—安达曼地震激发的地球球型自由振荡的检测[J].地震学报,29(4):369-381.
万永革,周公威,郭燕平.2004.昆仑山口西地震激发的地球环型振荡[J].防灾减灾工程学报,24(1):1-7.
万永革,周公威,郭燕平.2005.中国数字地震台网记录的昆仑山口西地震的球型自由振荡[J].地震,25(1):31-40.
万永革.2007.数字信号处理的MATLAB实现[M].北京:科学出版社,252-279.
汪成民,罗光伟,石锡钟.1981.地震前后地下水位异常动态与裂隙演变[J].地震科学研究,(4):1-7.
于海英,朱元清,寿海涛.2006.印度洋9.0级大地震激发的地球球型振荡和环型振荡[J].地球物理学进展,21(3):706-716.
张昭栋,迟镇乐,陈会民,等.2000.井水位的振荡与地震波[J].地震研究,23(4):418-425.
张昭栋,郑金涵,冯初刚.1988.一种估算地震引起应力场调整的新方法[J].地震,8(3):19-27.
中国地震局监测预报司.2002.地下流体数字观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1.
A ls op L E,Sutton G H,Ewing M.1961.Free oscillation of Earth ob-served on strain and pendulum seismographs[J].Geophy Res,66(2):631-641.
B e nioff H,Press F,Smith S.1961.Excitation of the free oscillations ofthe earth by earthquakes[J].Geophys Res,66(2):605-619.
B er oza G C,Jordan TH.1990.Searching for slowand silent earthquakesusing free oscillations[J].Geophys Res,95(B3):2485-2510.
Bo dvarsson G.1970.Confined fluids as strain meters[J].Geophys Res,75:2711-2718.
B o gert B P.1961.An observation of free oscillations of the Earth[J].Geophys Res,66(2):643-646.
B o lt B A,Currie R G.1975.Maximumentropy estimates of Earth torsion-al eigenperiods from1960trieste data.Geophys[J].R Astr Soc,40:107-114.
D a hlen F A,Sailor R V.1979.Rotational and elliptical splitting of thefree oscillations of the earth[J].Geophys J Rastr Soc,58:609-623.
D z iewonski A M,Gillbert F.1972.Observation of normal modes from84recordings of the Alaskan earthquakes0f1964March28[J].Geo-phys J R Astr Soc,27:393-446.
H e X,Tromp J.1996.Normal-mode constraints on the structure of theEarth[J].Geophys Res,110(B9):20053-20082.
L am b H.1882.On the variations of an elastic sphere[J].Lond MathSoc Proc,13:233-256.
M a sters G.198l.Gilbert F Structure of the inner core infered from obser-vations of its spheroidal shear modes[J].Geophys Res Lett,(8):569-571.
Nis hida K,Kobayashi N.1999.Statistical features of Earth s continuousfree oscillations[J].Geophys Res,(104):28741-28750.
N o wroozi A A.1972.Characteristic periods of fundamental and overtoneoscillations of the earth following a deep-focus earthquake[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,(62):247-274.
P ar k J,Song TA,Tromp J,et al.2005.Earth s free oscillations excitedby the26December2004Sumatra Andaman earthquake[J].Sci-ence,308:1139-1146.
Re sovsky J S,Pestana R.2003.Improved normal mode constraints onlower mantle Vp from generalized spectral fitting[J].GeophysRes Lett,(30):1-4.
R o sat S,Sato T,Imanishi Y,et al.2005.High-resolution analysis ofthe gravest seismic normal modes after the2004MW=9Sumatraearthquake using superconducting gravimeter data[J].GeophysRes Lett,32:L133304,doi:10.1029/2005GL023l28.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005a.Speed and size of the Sumatra earthquake[J].Nature,434:581-582.
S te in S,Okal E A.2005b.The2004Sumatra earthquake and India oceant sunami:What happened and why[J].The Earth s Scientist,XXXI(2):6-11.
T a nimota T,Um J.1999.Cause of continuous oscillations of the earth[J].Geophys res,(104):28723-28740.
T an imsota T,Um J,Nishida K,et al.1998.Earth s continuous oscilla-tions observed on seismically quiet days[J].Geophys ResLett,(25):1553-1556.
W idmer-Schnidrig R.1999.Free oscillations illuminate the mantle[J].Nature,(398):292-293.
Z ad ro M,Braitenberg C.1999.Measurements and interpretations of tilt-strain gauges in seismically active areas[J].Earth Science Re-views,47:151-187.
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