基于复数道地震记录的匹配追踪算法及其在储层预测中的应用
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摘要
匹配追踪算法是一种高精度的非线性的时频分析方法.该方法自从提出以来在地球物理学领域得到了广泛的应用.在以前的应用中,作者们都是在实信号的基础上对算法原理作了适当的简化.本文在复数地震道的基础上,基于复Morlet子波,阐述了匹配追踪算法的原理及其算法实现过程,并给出了具体的算法流程图.通过与传统的时频分析的比较,验证了该算法具有较高的时频分析精度.对于实际资料的应用表明,该算法能够很好的显示储层的位置与边界.
Matching pursuit is a nonlinear high-precision time-frequency analgsis method.It has made a wide range of applications in the field of geophysics since its proposition.All the previous implementations are based on real wavelets and real seismic traces.This paper describes the principle of matching pursuit based on complex Morlet wavelet and complex seismic traces.Furthermore,the flow chart of this algorithm is given.Comparisons with traditional time frequency methods show that the proposed matching pursuit method has higher accuracy.The real data applications show that the proposed method can better display the locations and boundaries of reservoirs.
Matching pursuit is a nonlinear high-precision time-frequency analgsis method.It has made a wide range of applications in the field of geophysics since its proposition.All the previous implementations are based on real wavelets and real seismic traces.This paper describes the principle of matching pursuit based on complex Morlet wavelet and complex seismic traces.Furthermore,the flow chart of this algorithm is given.Comparisons with traditional time frequency methods show that the proposed matching pursuit method has higher accuracy.The real data applications show that the proposed method can better display the locations and boundaries of reservoirs.
引文
[1]Müller T M,Gruevich B,Levedev M.Seismic waveattenuation and dispersion resulting from wave-induced flow in porous rocks-A review.Geophysics,2010,75(5):147-164.
[2]Cohen L.Time-frequency distributions-A review.Proc.IEEE,1989,77(7):941-981.
[3]武国宁,曹思远,刘建军.谱图重排的谱分解理论及其在储层探测中的应用.地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):596-602.Wu G N,Cao S Y,Liu J J.Reassigned time-frequency decomposition and its application of hydrocarbon exploration.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(2):596-602.
[4]李振春,刁瑞,韩文功等.线性时频分析方法综述.勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(4):239-246.Li Z C,Diao R,Han W G et al.Review on linear time frequency analysis methods.Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,33(4):239-246.
[5]Chui C K.An Introduction to Wavelets.Volume1(wavelet analysis and its applications).New York:Academic Press,1992:1-100.
[6]Mallat S.A Wavelet Tour of Signal Processing.Academic Press,1999:1-230.
[7]Mallat S G.A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition:the wavelet representation.IEEE Trans.PAMI,1989,11(7):674-693.
[8]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析.地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526-532.Gao J H,Chen W C,Li Y M et al.Generalized S transform and seismic response analysis of thin interbeds.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(4):526-532.
[9]Claasen T A C M,Mecklenbrauker W F G.The Wigner distribution-a tool for time-frequency signal analysis.Part I.Continuous time signals Philips J.Res.,1980,35:217-250.
[10]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:The S transform.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[11]Liu G C,Fomel S,Chen X H.Time-frequency analysis of seismic data using local attributes.Geophysics,2011,76(6):23-34.
[12]Sinha S,Routh P S,Anno P D,et al.Spectral decomposition of seismic data with continuous-wavelet transforms.Geophysics,2005,70(6):19-25.
[13]Mallat S G,Zhang Z F.Matching pursuit with time-frequency dictionaries.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1993,41(12):3397-3415.
[14]Qian S,Chen D.Signal representation via adaptive normalized Gaussian functions:Signal Processing,1994,36(1):1-11.
[15]Castagna J P,Sun S J.Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbons.The Leading Edge,2003,22(2):120-127.
[16]Wang Y H.Seismic time-frequency spectral decomposition by matching pursuit.Geophysics,2007,72(1):v13-v20.
[17]Wang Y H.Multichannel matching pursuit for seismic trace decomposition.Geophysics,2010,75(4):v61-v66.
[18]张繁昌,李传辉.基于正交时频原子的地震信号快速匹配追踪.地球物理学报,2012,55(1):227-283.Zhang F C,Li C H.Orthogonal time-frequency atom based fast matching pursuit for seismic signal.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(1):277-283.
[19]Arons A B,Yennie D R.Phase distortion of acoustic pulses obliquely reflected from a medium with higher sound velocity.Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1950,22(2):231-327.
[20]Morlet J,Arens G,Fourgeau E,et al.Wave propagation and sampling theory:Part I,Complex signal and scattering in multilayered media.Geophysics,1982,47(2):203-221.
[21]Morlet J,Arens G,Fourgeau E,et al.Wave propagation and sampling theory:Part II,Sampling theory and complex waves.Geophysics,1982b,47(3):222-236.
[22]Hlawatsch F,Boudreaux-Bartels G F.Linear and quadratic time-frequency signal representations.IEEE Signal Pro,1962,9(2):21-67.
[23]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济等.时频域油气储层低频阴影检测.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):215-221.Chen X H,He Z H,Huang D J,et al.Low frequency shadow detection of gas reservoirs in time-frequency domain.Chinese J.Geophys(in Chinese),2009,52(1):215-221.
[24]Partyka G J,Gridley J,Lopez J.Interpretational applications of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization.The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353-360.
[25]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L.Narrow-band spectral analysis and thin-bed tuning.Geophysics,2001,66(4):1274-1283.
[2]Cohen L.Time-frequency distributions-A review.Proc.IEEE,1989,77(7):941-981.
[3]武国宁,曹思远,刘建军.谱图重排的谱分解理论及其在储层探测中的应用.地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):596-602.Wu G N,Cao S Y,Liu J J.Reassigned time-frequency decomposition and its application of hydrocarbon exploration.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2012,27(2):596-602.
[4]李振春,刁瑞,韩文功等.线性时频分析方法综述.勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(4):239-246.Li Z C,Diao R,Han W G et al.Review on linear time frequency analysis methods.Progress in Exploration Geophysics(in Chinese),2010,33(4):239-246.
[5]Chui C K.An Introduction to Wavelets.Volume1(wavelet analysis and its applications).New York:Academic Press,1992:1-100.
[6]Mallat S.A Wavelet Tour of Signal Processing.Academic Press,1999:1-230.
[7]Mallat S G.A theory for multiresolution signal decomposition:the wavelet representation.IEEE Trans.PAMI,1989,11(7):674-693.
[8]高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析.地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526-532.Gao J H,Chen W C,Li Y M et al.Generalized S transform and seismic response analysis of thin interbeds.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(4):526-532.
[9]Claasen T A C M,Mecklenbrauker W F G.The Wigner distribution-a tool for time-frequency signal analysis.Part I.Continuous time signals Philips J.Res.,1980,35:217-250.
[10]Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:The S transform.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1996,44(4):998-1001.
[11]Liu G C,Fomel S,Chen X H.Time-frequency analysis of seismic data using local attributes.Geophysics,2011,76(6):23-34.
[12]Sinha S,Routh P S,Anno P D,et al.Spectral decomposition of seismic data with continuous-wavelet transforms.Geophysics,2005,70(6):19-25.
[13]Mallat S G,Zhang Z F.Matching pursuit with time-frequency dictionaries.IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,1993,41(12):3397-3415.
[14]Qian S,Chen D.Signal representation via adaptive normalized Gaussian functions:Signal Processing,1994,36(1):1-11.
[15]Castagna J P,Sun S J.Siegfried R W.Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbons.The Leading Edge,2003,22(2):120-127.
[16]Wang Y H.Seismic time-frequency spectral decomposition by matching pursuit.Geophysics,2007,72(1):v13-v20.
[17]Wang Y H.Multichannel matching pursuit for seismic trace decomposition.Geophysics,2010,75(4):v61-v66.
[18]张繁昌,李传辉.基于正交时频原子的地震信号快速匹配追踪.地球物理学报,2012,55(1):227-283.Zhang F C,Li C H.Orthogonal time-frequency atom based fast matching pursuit for seismic signal.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2012,55(1):277-283.
[19]Arons A B,Yennie D R.Phase distortion of acoustic pulses obliquely reflected from a medium with higher sound velocity.Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1950,22(2):231-327.
[20]Morlet J,Arens G,Fourgeau E,et al.Wave propagation and sampling theory:Part I,Complex signal and scattering in multilayered media.Geophysics,1982,47(2):203-221.
[21]Morlet J,Arens G,Fourgeau E,et al.Wave propagation and sampling theory:Part II,Sampling theory and complex waves.Geophysics,1982b,47(3):222-236.
[22]Hlawatsch F,Boudreaux-Bartels G F.Linear and quadratic time-frequency signal representations.IEEE Signal Pro,1962,9(2):21-67.
[23]陈学华,贺振华,黄德济等.时频域油气储层低频阴影检测.地球物理学报,2009,52(1):215-221.Chen X H,He Z H,Huang D J,et al.Low frequency shadow detection of gas reservoirs in time-frequency domain.Chinese J.Geophys(in Chinese),2009,52(1):215-221.
[24]Partyka G J,Gridley J,Lopez J.Interpretational applications of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization.The Leading Edge,1999,18(3):353-360.
[25]Marfurt K J,Kirlin R L.Narrow-band spectral analysis and thin-bed tuning.Geophysics,2001,66(4):1274-1283.
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