地震经历对灾区初中生抑郁问题的影响
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摘要
目的:了解地震中的不同经历(即自己是否受伤,是否目睹他人受伤、死亡和房屋垮塌)与灾区初中生灾后一月抑郁问题的关系。方法:地震发生后一月在灾区某初级中学校随机选取初一到初三的学生共1382人进行一般情况、地震经历相关情况及DSRSC问卷调查。根据受试者有无以上经历将DSRSC量表得分分为两组。用SPSS11.5统计软件对数据进行分析。结果:受伤者与未受伤者震后一月DSRSC评分存在差异(P=0.001),受伤者重于未受伤者;目睹他人受伤者与未目睹他人受伤者震后一月DSRSC评分存在差异(P=0.005),目睹他人受伤者重于未目睹他人受伤者;目睹他人死亡者与未目睹他人死亡者震后一月DSRSC评分无差异(P=0.061);目睹房屋垮塌与未目睹房屋垮塌者震后一月DSRSC评分无差异(P=0.498)。结论:地震中不同经历对初中生灾后出现的抑郁问题有不同影响,因此对有不同经历者进行针对性的干预有利于减少灾后严重心理卫生问题的出现。
Objective:This study analyses the depressive problem of middle-school students in earthquake-stricken areas in order to know whether different experience when the earthquake happened effected their depressive problem Methods:In one month after the earthquake occurred,using the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRSC),we investigated 1382 middle-school students in earthquake-stricken areas who had different experience(such as whether being hurt,whether watching others being hurt,whether watching others die,whether watching houses fall).The option "often" was evaluated as 1.The option "sometimes" was evaluated as 2.And the option "none" was evaluated as 3.The 1、2、4、7、8、9、11 、12 、13 and 16 terms were scored reversely.The result adding up every score of every term was total score of a subject.Then we compared the Mean score of two groups of students (whether or not had some experience) in order to know whether they are different.Results:Depression of the students who were hurt and who watched others being hurt was more serious.It wasn't different between the groups in spite whether they watched others die and watched houses fall.Conclusion:Depression of the students who had different experience when the earthquake happened was different.It's necessary to make directional intervention to a specific group.
Objective:This study analyses the depressive problem of middle-school students in earthquake-stricken areas in order to know whether different experience when the earthquake happened effected their depressive problem Methods:In one month after the earthquake occurred,using the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children (DSRSC),we investigated 1382 middle-school students in earthquake-stricken areas who had different experience(such as whether being hurt,whether watching others being hurt,whether watching others die,whether watching houses fall).The option "often" was evaluated as 1.The option "sometimes" was evaluated as 2.And the option "none" was evaluated as 3.The 1、2、4、7、8、9、11 、12 、13 and 16 terms were scored reversely.The result adding up every score of every term was total score of a subject.Then we compared the Mean score of two groups of students (whether or not had some experience) in order to know whether they are different.Results:Depression of the students who were hurt and who watched others being hurt was more serious.It wasn't different between the groups in spite whether they watched others die and watched houses fall.Conclusion:Depression of the students who had different experience when the earthquake happened was different.It's necessary to make directional intervention to a specific group.
引文
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[6]OZER E J,WEI NSTEI N R S.Urban adolescents’exposure to community violence:The role of support,school safety and social constraints in a school-based sample of boys and girls[J].J ClinChild Adolesc Psychol,2004,33:463-476.
[7]SADOWSKI H,TROWELL J,KOLVI N I,et al.Sexually a-bused girls:Patterns of psychopathology and exploration of risk factors[J].Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2003,12:221-230.
[8]ROUSSOS A,GOENJI AN A K,STEI NBERG A M,et al.Postt-raumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and ado-lescents after the1999earthquake in Ano Liosia,Greece[J].Am J Psychiatry,2005,162:530-537.
[9]LEMOS-MILLER,AMIE MA,KEARNEY.Depression and eth-nicity asintermediary variables among dissociation,trauma-related cognitions,and PTSDsymptomatologyin youths[J].Christopher A.PhD Volume,2006,194(8):584-590.
[10]FEENY N C,ZOELLNER L A,FITZGIBBONS L A,et al.Ex-ploring the roles of emotional numbing,depression and dissocia-tionin PTSD[J].J Trauma Stress,2000,13:489-498.
[11]LAMBERG L P S,MIRZA K A H,BDADRI NATHB R,et al.Post-traumatic stress disorderin children and adolescents following road traffic accidents[J].Br J Psychiatry,1998,172:443-447.
[2]苏林雁,王凯,朱焱,等.儿童抑郁障碍自评量表的中国城市常模[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(8):547-549.
[3]GODEAU E,VIGNES C,NAVARRO F,et al.Effects of a large-scaleindustrial disaster on rates of symptoms consistent with posttraumatic stress disorders among schoolchildren in Toulous[J].Arch Pediatr Adoles Med,2005,159(6):579-584.
[4]MERTI N P,MOHR P B.Incidence and correlates of posttrauma symptoms in children frombackgrounds of domestic violence[J].Violence Victi ms,2002,17:555-567.
[5]JAYCOX LH,STEI N B,KATAOKAS H,et al.Violence expo-sure,posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms a-mong recent i mmigrant schoolchildren[J].J Am Acad Child Ado-lesc Psychiatry,2002,41:1104-1110.
[6]OZER E J,WEI NSTEI N R S.Urban adolescents’exposure to community violence:The role of support,school safety and social constraints in a school-based sample of boys and girls[J].J ClinChild Adolesc Psychol,2004,33:463-476.
[7]SADOWSKI H,TROWELL J,KOLVI N I,et al.Sexually a-bused girls:Patterns of psychopathology and exploration of risk factors[J].Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2003,12:221-230.
[8]ROUSSOS A,GOENJI AN A K,STEI NBERG A M,et al.Postt-raumatic stress and depressive reactions among children and ado-lescents after the1999earthquake in Ano Liosia,Greece[J].Am J Psychiatry,2005,162:530-537.
[9]LEMOS-MILLER,AMIE MA,KEARNEY.Depression and eth-nicity asintermediary variables among dissociation,trauma-related cognitions,and PTSDsymptomatologyin youths[J].Christopher A.PhD Volume,2006,194(8):584-590.
[10]FEENY N C,ZOELLNER L A,FITZGIBBONS L A,et al.Ex-ploring the roles of emotional numbing,depression and dissocia-tionin PTSD[J].J Trauma Stress,2000,13:489-498.
[11]LAMBERG L P S,MIRZA K A H,BDADRI NATHB R,et al.Post-traumatic stress disorderin children and adolescents following road traffic accidents[J].Br J Psychiatry,1998,172:443-447.
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