地震灾区初中生生命质量及影响因素研究
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摘要
[目的]评价灾区初中学生生命质量,了解其影响因素,为制定有效的干预提供科学依据。[方法]采取多阶段分层整群抽样法,用儿童少年生活质量量表(Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents,QLSCA)对四川820名灾区初中生及834名非灾区初中生进行问卷调查。并采用单因素与多因素相结合的统计方法进行分析。[结果]灾区初中生的生命质量得分123.54±14.937低于非灾区初中生生命质量得分130.65±18.982,差别有统计学意义(t=-8.447,P﹤0.001)。总体满意度、社会心理功能、生理心理功能、生活环境4个因子得分情况,灾区初中生均低于非灾区初中生,差别有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。多因素分析显示,影响灾区初中生生命质量的主要因素有与家人关系、每天体育活动时间、地震带来的负面影响、父亲文化、性别、慢性疾病等。[结论]青少年身心健康不容忽视,尤其是灾区青少年身心健康问题更应引起重视。营造良好的家庭关系,科学安排学习运动时间,积极开展震后健康教育、心理干预,重视学生慢性病的预防与控制,提高父母文化是提高灾区学生生活质量的重要途径。
[Objective] To evaluate the quality of life of disaster area and non-disaster area teenagers and its influencing factors.[Methods] Used multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method and a questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics,family situation,study and exercises situations and Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents(QLSCA) was administered to 820 disaster area junior high school students and 834 non-disaster area junior high school students in Sichuan.Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were employed to analyze the data.[Results] The disaster area students had lower total score,life satisfaction score,social function score,psychological and physiological health score and life environment score compared to non-disaster area teenagers(P﹤0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that the major factors which influenced the quality of life of disaster area students were family relation,exercises time,negative influence brought by earthquake,father's educational level,sex,chronic disease and so on.[Conclusion] Teenagers' physical and mental health should not be neglected,especially the disaster area teenagers' health.Building good family relation,scientifically arrange study and exercise time,actively carry out health education and mental intervention after earthquake,paying attention to prevention and control on chronic disease and enhancing parental educational level are the important ways to improve teenagers' quality of life.
[Objective] To evaluate the quality of life of disaster area and non-disaster area teenagers and its influencing factors.[Methods] Used multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method and a questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics,family situation,study and exercises situations and Quality of Life Scale for Children and Adolescents(QLSCA) was administered to 820 disaster area junior high school students and 834 non-disaster area junior high school students in Sichuan.Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were employed to analyze the data.[Results] The disaster area students had lower total score,life satisfaction score,social function score,psychological and physiological health score and life environment score compared to non-disaster area teenagers(P﹤0.01).Multivariate analysis showed that the major factors which influenced the quality of life of disaster area students were family relation,exercises time,negative influence brought by earthquake,father's educational level,sex,chronic disease and so on.[Conclusion] Teenagers' physical and mental health should not be neglected,especially the disaster area teenagers' health.Building good family relation,scientifically arrange study and exercise time,actively carry out health education and mental intervention after earthquake,paying attention to prevention and control on chronic disease and enhancing parental educational level are the important ways to improve teenagers' quality of life.
引文
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邓颖,李宁秀,刘朝杰,等.不同养老模式老年人生命质量及影响因素研究[J].中国卫生事业管理,2002,1:44-46.
Juenger J,Schellberg D,Kraemer S,et a1.Health related quality of life in patients eith congestive heart failure:comparison withother chronic diseases and relation to functional variables[J].Heart,2002,87(3):214-235.
PlancherelB,BologninM,HalfonO.Coping strategies in early and mid-adolescence:Differences according to age and gender in acommunity sample[J].Euroean Psychologist,1998,3(3):192-201.
WHO.Measurement of Quality of Life in Children.Report of aWHO/IA2CAPAP Working Party[R].London:WHO,1993.3-4.
方积乾.生存质量测定方法及应用[M].北京:北京医科大学出版社,2000.49-53.
吴汉荣,刘普林,蒙衡.儿少生活质量量表信效度分析及全国常模的制定[J].中国学校卫生,2006,27(1):18-21.
金瑜.心理测量[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2001.
吴汉荣,刘普林,蒙衡.儿少生活质量量表信效度分析及全国常模的制定[J].中国学校卫生,2006,27(1):18-21.
邓颖,李宁秀,刘朝杰,等.不同养老模式老年人生命质量及影响因素研究[J].中国卫生事业管理,2002,1:44-46.
Juenger J,Schellberg D,Kraemer S,et a1.Health related quality of life in patients eith congestive heart failure:comparison withother chronic diseases and relation to functional variables[J].Heart,2002,87(3):214-235.
PlancherelB,BologninM,HalfonO.Coping strategies in early and mid-adolescence:Differences according to age and gender in acommunity sample[J].Euroean Psychologist,1998,3(3):192-201.
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