地震灾害对孕产妇心理状态的影响及其护理干预
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摘要
目的调查地震灾害对灾区孕产妇心理状态的影响,制定并实施护理干预措施,减轻地震灾害对孕产妇的影响。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对地震灾区孕产妇心理状态进行问卷调查。结果地震灾区孕产妇的心理健康状况受到严重的影响,焦虑、抑郁发生率明显高于非地震灾区(P<0.01);直系亲属有遇难者及有外伤的孕产妇焦虑及抑郁发生率明显增高(P<0.01);大专以上文化程度的灾区孕产妇焦虑及抑郁指数明显高于大专以下文化者(P<0.01)。结论地震灾害给孕产妇身心健康造成严重损害;实施护理干预,有助于降低孕产妇的焦虑、抑郁症状,使孕产妇处于最佳身心状态,促进正常分娩及母婴健康。
Objective To investigate the influence of earthquake on mental status of pregnant women,so as to develop nursing interventions to reduce the influence.Methods The mental status of the pregnant women in the earthquake was evaluated with SAS and SDS.Results The mental status of the pregnant women was significantly influenced by the earthquake.The incidences of anxiety and depression were higher than those in non-earthquake area(P<0.01).The incidences of anxiety and depression of pregnant women whose direct relatives were earthquake victims or with trauma were higher(P<0.01).The scores of anxiety and depression in the pregnant women with education background of higher than associate degree were significantly higher than those of pregnant women with education background of lower than associate degree(P<0.01).Conclusions The earthquake hurt the pregnant women's mental health.Nursing interventions can improve the pregnant women's mental status by decreasing symptoms of anxiety and depression.They can make the pregnant women be in the best mental health and somatic health,help their childbirth and make the mother and newborns healthy.
Objective To investigate the influence of earthquake on mental status of pregnant women,so as to develop nursing interventions to reduce the influence.Methods The mental status of the pregnant women in the earthquake was evaluated with SAS and SDS.Results The mental status of the pregnant women was significantly influenced by the earthquake.The incidences of anxiety and depression were higher than those in non-earthquake area(P<0.01).The incidences of anxiety and depression of pregnant women whose direct relatives were earthquake victims or with trauma were higher(P<0.01).The scores of anxiety and depression in the pregnant women with education background of higher than associate degree were significantly higher than those of pregnant women with education background of lower than associate degree(P<0.01).Conclusions The earthquake hurt the pregnant women's mental health.Nursing interventions can improve the pregnant women's mental status by decreasing symptoms of anxiety and depression.They can make the pregnant women be in the best mental health and somatic health,help their childbirth and make the mother and newborns healthy.
引文
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[2]苏莉,韦波.突发公共卫生事件下的群体心理反应与干预[J].中国行为医学科学,2005,14(12):1139-1141.
[3]张理义.临床心理学[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2004:270-273,279.
[4]黄玲,黄醒华.对孕产妇的心理评估与干预[J].中华围产医学杂志,2001,4(3):185-186.
[5]临床产科学编委会.临床产科学[M].天津:天津科学技术出版社,1994:75.
[6]崔伊薇.妇幼心理学[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:159.
[7]李华萍,孙克佳,陈兰.176例产时心理干预效果临床分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2005,16(20):2069.
[8]王学义,张本,马文有,等.唐山大地震对母孕期胎儿情绪障碍的远期研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2005,1(13):31-32.
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