洪洞临汾大震震源断层的相互作用和地震趋势分析
摘要
山西临汾地区1303年和1695年发生了洪洞(M8)和临汾(M7 3/4)两次相距最近特大地震。地震所在区域至今仍有持续不断的小震活动。我们根据1670次中、小地震精确震源定位结果和149个小地震的震源机制。通过震源三维空间分布和震源机制解的分析,认为洪洞地震和临汾地震的强相互作用是解锁,因此导致临汾地震提前发生;此外,2者之间还存在弱相互作用,并且和随机发生的地震达到一种平衡。2次大地震对区域所积累的应变基本释放完毕,难以再形成与应力场一致的大破裂,使得临汾地区连续的地震活动以中小地震的形式体现,连续300多年都没有5级以上地震发生。估计今后临汾地区的这种低水平活动将继续下去,发展趋势是安全的。
In 1303 and 1695,two near strong earthquakes occurred at Hongtong(M8) and Linfen(M73/4) in Linfen area of Shanxi Province,where small earthquakes have been continually occurring till now.Through analysis on the distribution of 1670 medium and small earthquakes and 149 focal mechanisms,we concluded that the strong interaction between Hongtong and Linfen earthquakes is deblocking,which caused Linfen earthquake occurred early.Moreover,there was a kind of weak interaction between the two earthquakes,which got a balance with the occurrence of random earthquakes.As the regional stress accumulated had been released completely after the two large earthquakes,it is unlikely to form a new large fracture that matches the stress field.Therefore,the earthquakes in the area have been mainly medium and small ones,and there have been no over 5 earthquake for 300 years.This phenomenon will continue,and the area is safe at present.
In 1303 and 1695,two near strong earthquakes occurred at Hongtong(M8) and Linfen(M73/4) in Linfen area of Shanxi Province,where small earthquakes have been continually occurring till now.Through analysis on the distribution of 1670 medium and small earthquakes and 149 focal mechanisms,we concluded that the strong interaction between Hongtong and Linfen earthquakes is deblocking,which caused Linfen earthquake occurred early.Moreover,there was a kind of weak interaction between the two earthquakes,which got a balance with the occurrence of random earthquakes.As the regional stress accumulated had been released completely after the two large earthquakes,it is unlikely to form a new large fracture that matches the stress field.Therefore,the earthquakes in the area have been mainly medium and small ones,and there have been no over 5 earthquake for 300 years.This phenomenon will continue,and the area is safe at present.
引文
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[2]马宗晋,邓起东,刘光勋,等.山西临汾地区的地震研究和震灾预评估与预防.马宗晋主编,山西临汾地震研究与系统减灾[M].北京:地震出版社,1993:1-11.
[3]胡新亮,刁桂苓,高景春,等.山西洪洞、临汾历史大震区现今地震的重新定位[J].华北地震科学,2002,20(2):10-15.
[4]胡新亮,刁桂苓,高景春,等.用现今小震推断洪洞、临汾两次历史大震的震源断层[J].中国地震,2002,18(1):76-85.
[5]张四昌,刁桂苓.唐山地震序列的构造过程[J].中国地震,1992,8(2):73-80.
[6]于利民,刁桂苓,李钦祖,等.由深源远震体波记录反演华北北部地壳上地幔速度结构[J].华北地震科学,1995,13(3):11-20.
[7]徐锡伟,邓起东.1303年洪洞地震的地震构造.马宗晋主编,山西临汾地震研究与系统减灾[M].北京:地震出版社,1993,149-158.
[8]武烈.临汾盆地内两次特大地震的闭锁结构及解锁过程的模式研究.马宗晋主编,山西临汾地震研究与系统减灾[M].北京:地震出版社,1993,406-419.
[9]刁桂苓,于利民,李钦祖.震源机制解的系统聚类分析-以海城地震序列为例[J].中国地震,1992,8(3):86-92.
[10]马瑾,马胜利,刘力强,等.交叉断层的交替活动与块体运动的实验研究[J].地震地质,2000,22(1):65-73.
[11]王俊国,刁桂苓.千岛岛弧大震前哈佛大学矩心矩张量(CMT)解一致性的预测意义[J].地震学报,2005,27(2):178-183.
[12]刁桂苓,张四昌,赵军,等.用现今小地震研究历史强震的震源断层-以1830年河北磁县7级地震为例[J].地震地质,1999,21(2):121-126.
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