汶川地震抗震救灾一线科室外援与本土护士的社会支持系统差异研究
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摘要
目的对一线临床科室参与汶川地震抗震救灾的外援护士和本土护士的社会支持系统进行调查研究。方法随机抽取抗震救灾一线科室(ICU、骨科、急诊)外援护士及本土护士各175名,设为外援组和本土组,采用对地震的自我认知问卷及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行测评。结果两组护士对地震相关知识的知晓情况、响应抗震救灾的行为表现、地震对专业的影响等方面无明显差异(P>0.05);两组护士的社会支持总分均低于国内常模(P<0.01),除外援组主观支持维度得分与国内常模无显著差异(P>0.05)外,两组的社会支持其它各维度得分均低于国内常模,外援组的社会支持总分及主观支持、客观支持得分均高于本土组(P<0.01),两组对支持的利用度无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论为抗震救灾一线科室护士提供积极的社会支持是保证心理健康的重要措施。
Objective To evaluate the difference of psychological state between local and non-local nurses during the Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods A total of 175 local nurses and 175 non-local nurses were randomly selected and investigated by SSRS and the earthquake questionnaire.Results There were no significant differences in their knowledge about the earthquake,professional identity and action(P>0.05).The total and the three dimensions scores of SSRS of the two groups were lower than those of the domestic norms(P<0.01)except the subjective support dimensions.The total scores,objective support and subjective support dimensions scores of non-local group were higher than that in the local group(P<0.01).In coping style questionaire,there were significant differences in solving problems and retreat factor(P<0.01)and no significant differences in remorse,salvation and illusion(P>0.05).Conclusion The earthquake affected mental health of the nurses and their psychological state need to be much concerned,especially the non-local ones.
Objective To evaluate the difference of psychological state between local and non-local nurses during the Wenchuan Earthquake.Methods A total of 175 local nurses and 175 non-local nurses were randomly selected and investigated by SSRS and the earthquake questionnaire.Results There were no significant differences in their knowledge about the earthquake,professional identity and action(P>0.05).The total and the three dimensions scores of SSRS of the two groups were lower than those of the domestic norms(P<0.01)except the subjective support dimensions.The total scores,objective support and subjective support dimensions scores of non-local group were higher than that in the local group(P<0.01).In coping style questionaire,there were significant differences in solving problems and retreat factor(P<0.01)and no significant differences in remorse,salvation and illusion(P>0.05).Conclusion The earthquake affected mental health of the nurses and their psychological state need to be much concerned,especially the non-local ones.
引文
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[2]张利岩,管晓萍,高艳红,等.灾害护理学在紧急医疗救援中的地位与作用.中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(6):338-340.
[3]汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册.北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:109-115,127-131,194-196,235-238.
[4]Shih FJ,Liao YC,Chan SM,et al.Theimpact of the9-21earth-quake experiences of Tai wanese nurses as rescuers.Soc Sci Med,2002,(55):659-672.
[5]Littleton-Kearney MT,Slepski LA.Directions for disaster nurs-ing education in the United States.Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am,2008,20(1):103-109.
[6]Stewart M,Arklie M.Work satisfaction,stressors and support experienced by community health nurses.Can J Public Health,1994,85(3):180-187.
[7]齐艳.国内临床心理护理的研究进展.现代护理,2002,8(2):114-115.
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