35例汶川地震致脊髓损伤患者流行病学特征
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摘要
目的:分析汶川地震致脊髓损伤患者的病情特点。方法:对35例地震致脊髓损伤患者进行回顾性调查。结果:地震造成的这35例脊髓损伤患者在性别、年龄无明显差异,完全性损伤占42.86%,不完全损伤占57.14%。主要致伤原因为压榨伤(68.57%)。骨折部位依次为腰椎(57.14%)、胸椎(28.57%)、颈椎(11.43%)。受伤时体位60%为屈曲位。31.43%的完全性损伤患者由非专业救援人员救出。结论:35例患者脊髓损伤程度普遍较重,主要是与地震当时巨大冲击力有关,也与受灾现场救援条件严重受限,错过最佳治疗时机有关。现场的急救、救援方式对患者的伤情和预后有重要影响,因此需要大力宣传和普及灾害后抢救伤员的基本知识。
Objective:To investigate the epidemiology characteristics of 35 cases of spinal cord injury(SCI) in Wenchuan earthquake.Methods: Thirty-five in-patients with SCI were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Different age,different sex was no significant difference.42.86% were complete injury and 57.14% were imcomplete.Press injury(68.57%) was the main cause of SCI.The incidences of affected segments were: lumbar 57.14%,thoracic 28.57%,cervical segments 11.34%.60% were in flexion posture.31.43% patients were rescued by non-professional rescue.Conclusion: Seriouse injury maybe results from the tremendous impact of earthquake,and also from the lose of optimal treatment time because of the severely restricted rescue condition.First aid at the scene after the earthquake and rescue methods have significant impacts on the injury conditions.It's necessary to vigorous publicity and popularization of disaster basic knowledge of the rescue of the wounded.
Objective:To investigate the epidemiology characteristics of 35 cases of spinal cord injury(SCI) in Wenchuan earthquake.Methods: Thirty-five in-patients with SCI were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Different age,different sex was no significant difference.42.86% were complete injury and 57.14% were imcomplete.Press injury(68.57%) was the main cause of SCI.The incidences of affected segments were: lumbar 57.14%,thoracic 28.57%,cervical segments 11.34%.60% were in flexion posture.31.43% patients were rescued by non-professional rescue.Conclusion: Seriouse injury maybe results from the tremendous impact of earthquake,and also from the lose of optimal treatment time because of the severely restricted rescue condition.First aid at the scene after the earthquake and rescue methods have significant impacts on the injury conditions.It's necessary to vigorous publicity and popularization of disaster basic knowledge of the rescue of the wounded.
引文
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[7]WILCOX R K,BOERGER T O,HALL R M,et al.Operativecompared with nonoperative treatment of a thoracolumbar hurstfracture without neurological deficit:a prospective,randomizedstudy[J].J Bone Jion Surg(Am),2003,85-A(5):773-781.
[8]洪毅,张军卫,李想,等.地震中脊柱脊髓损伤伤员的急救[J].中国康复理论与实践,2008,(7):606-607.
[9]周天健,李建军.脊柱脊髓损伤现代康复与治疗[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[10]RATHORE F A,FAROOQ F,MUZAMMIL S,et al.Spinal cordinjury management and rehabilitation:highlights and shortcom-ings from the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan[J].Arch Phys MedRehabil,2008,89(3):579-585.
[11]PRIEBE M M.Spinal cord injuries as a result of earthquakes:les-sons from Iran and Pakistan[J].J Spinal Cord Med,2007,30(4):367-368.
[2]GRIFFIN M R,O’FALLON W M,OPITZ J L,et al.Mortali-ty,survival and prevalence:Traumatic spinal cord injury in Olm-sted County,Minnesota,1935-1981[J].J Chronic Dis,1985,38:643-653.
[3]STOVER S L,FINE P R.The epidemiology and economics of spi-nal cord injury[J].Paraplegia,1987,25:225-228.
[4]TATOR C H.Epidemiology and general characteristics of the spi-nal cord injured patient[M].//TATOR C H,BENZEL E C.Con-temporary Management of Spinal Cord Injury:From Impact to Re-habilitation.3rd ed.ParkRidge,IL:American Association ofNeurological Surgeons,2000:15-19.
[5]李建军,周红俊,洪毅,等.2002年北京市脊髓损伤发病率调查[J].中国康复理论与实践,2004,(7):32-33.
[6]SEKHON L H S,FEHLINGS M G.Epidemiology,demograph-ics,and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury[J].Spine,2001,6:S2-S12.
[7]WILCOX R K,BOERGER T O,HALL R M,et al.Operativecompared with nonoperative treatment of a thoracolumbar hurstfracture without neurological deficit:a prospective,randomizedstudy[J].J Bone Jion Surg(Am),2003,85-A(5):773-781.
[8]洪毅,张军卫,李想,等.地震中脊柱脊髓损伤伤员的急救[J].中国康复理论与实践,2008,(7):606-607.
[9]周天健,李建军.脊柱脊髓损伤现代康复与治疗[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006.
[10]RATHORE F A,FAROOQ F,MUZAMMIL S,et al.Spinal cordinjury management and rehabilitation:highlights and shortcom-ings from the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan[J].Arch Phys MedRehabil,2008,89(3):579-585.
[11]PRIEBE M M.Spinal cord injuries as a result of earthquakes:les-sons from Iran and Pakistan[J].J Spinal Cord Med,2007,30(4):367-368.
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