汶川地震后绵竹市社区卫生服务现状及灾害应急能力情况调查
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摘要
目的:了解绵竹市社区卫生服务系统震后现状,同时分析社区医疗震后居民满意度和社区卫生服务机构震后灾害干预能力,以期为社区卫生服务体系地震应急恢复和重建提供参考意见。方法:采用随机抽样的方法,抽取绵竹市剑南社区卫生服务中心和天河社区卫生服务中心进行访谈,采取方便抽样的方法,抽取2.4‰的绵竹城区居民采用面对面访谈的方式用自制问卷进行调查,并用Epidata 3.0进行数据录入、SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果:共发放问卷240份,收回有效问卷229份(有效回收率95.4%)。当地社区卫生服务系统在地震中受损严重。社区卫生服务系统灾后工作居民满意度为45.4%,社区卫生服务机构对居民进行抗灾/防灾知识教育的比例为33.6%,灾后是否有持续而足够的常见病药品供应及是否有持续而足够的慢性病药品供应是影响当地居民对当地社区卫生服务体系灾害应急工作的满意度的影响因素(P值分别是0.033,0.001)。结论:震后社区卫生服务居民满意度较低,服务体系地震灾害干预能力不足。居民在在灾前接受抗灾教育的比例较低,加强药品储备能提高社区卫生机构灾害应急工作的效果。在社区卫生服务体系重建的过程中,应注重社区医疗基础工作的恢复,基础设施的重建和健全社区急救体系。
Objective:To investigate the reality of community health service system after earthquake in Mianzhu,the satisfaction of community residents to the community health service as well as the post-disaster emergency response capability of community hospital in order to provide decision-making suggestions on better reconstruction of community health service system.Methods:Jiannan and Tianhe community hospital were randomly selected for visiting and 2.4‰ of community residents in the city zone of Mianzhu were selected by convenience sampling for a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire.Data entry and statistically analysis were completed by Epidata3.0 and SPSS13.0 respectively.Results:A total of 240 questionnaires were conducted to face-to-face interviews,and 229 questionnaires were returned(response rate 95.4%).The community health service system was badly injured.Residents' satisfactory degree of the community health service after earthquake was 45.4%.The proportions of disaster / disaster prevention education was 33.6%,medicine supply for familiar diseases and the chronic were the main factors which influenced judgements of residents to the emergency response capabilities of community hospitals(P=0.033,P=0.001,respectively).Conclusion:The community health services after earthquake had not been widely satisfied and the emergency response capability ofcommunity hospital was far from enough.The proportions of disaster / disaster prevention education were far from enough.The effectiveness of emergency response work of community hospitals can be enhanced by reinforcing medicine preparation.In the course of the reconstruction,community health service system should pay attention to the resumance of basic community health service,reconstruction of basic establishment and construction of first-aid system.
Objective:To investigate the reality of community health service system after earthquake in Mianzhu,the satisfaction of community residents to the community health service as well as the post-disaster emergency response capability of community hospital in order to provide decision-making suggestions on better reconstruction of community health service system.Methods:Jiannan and Tianhe community hospital were randomly selected for visiting and 2.4‰ of community residents in the city zone of Mianzhu were selected by convenience sampling for a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire.Data entry and statistically analysis were completed by Epidata3.0 and SPSS13.0 respectively.Results:A total of 240 questionnaires were conducted to face-to-face interviews,and 229 questionnaires were returned(response rate 95.4%).The community health service system was badly injured.Residents' satisfactory degree of the community health service after earthquake was 45.4%.The proportions of disaster / disaster prevention education was 33.6%,medicine supply for familiar diseases and the chronic were the main factors which influenced judgements of residents to the emergency response capabilities of community hospitals(P=0.033,P=0.001,respectively).Conclusion:The community health services after earthquake had not been widely satisfied and the emergency response capability ofcommunity hospital was far from enough.The proportions of disaster / disaster prevention education were far from enough.The effectiveness of emergency response work of community hospitals can be enhanced by reinforcing medicine preparation.In the course of the reconstruction,community health service system should pay attention to the resumance of basic community health service,reconstruction of basic establishment and construction of first-aid system.
引文
[1]国务院.《国务院关于发展城市社区卫生服务的指导意见》(国发(2006)10号).2006-2-21.
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[2]中国赴日地震考察团.日本阪神大地震考察[M].北京:地震出版社,1995:51-58.
[3]铁永波,唐川.城市灾害应急能力评价指标体系建构[J].城市问题,2005,(6):78-81.
[4]杨富平,黄崇福,袁正午,等.城市震害单元化应急管理研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2008,(2):168-180.
[5]方世萍,张芝霞.城市地震应急救援措施探讨[J].灾害学,2004,19(1):31-35.
[6]关贤军,陈海艺,尤建新.城市社区防灾减灾工作机制研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(11):14-19.
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