汶川地震伤员的紧急医疗分级救治分析
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摘要
目的对5.12汶川地震伤员紧急医疗救援进行总结,分析讨论灾害发生时紧急医疗分级救治。方法回顾性分析2008年5月12日至8月12日四川省地震医疗救治伤员资料和紧急医疗救援队资料。结果救援医疗队员在地震发生后迅速集结灾区,救治伤员达374640,其中住院治疗96540人,在灾害现场急救、各级医院院内救治、跨省病员转移、重症集中收治等不同阶段,采取有效的救治对策,最大限度地降低了死亡率。结论5.12汶川地震医疗救援工作主要以三级救治模式全面展开,一级救治是始动环节,二级救治是关键环节,三级救治是重要环节。
Objective To summarize the emergency medical rescue work in the "5·12" heavy earthquake in Wenchuan,so as to analyze and discuss the emergency medical rescue stageing in the face of natural disasters. Methods Retrospectively analyse the earthquake casualty data and information on emergency medical relief teams from May 12 to August 12 2008 in Sichuan province Results Rescue medical teams assembled quickly to the disaster stricken areas after the earthquake,and the number of the injured reached 374640 ,of whom 96540 were hospitalized. At different stages of treatment,including the first aid at the site of the disaster,all levels of the hospital inpatient treatment,interprovincial patient transfer and focused hospitalization for severe injured patients,effective measures had been taken to minimize the mortality. Conclusion The medical rescue work in 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake had been carried out mainly in a three-step mode in full swing,that is,primary rescue being the initial link,the secondary treatment being the key link,the 3rd stage treatment being the crucial link.
Objective To summarize the emergency medical rescue work in the "5·12" heavy earthquake in Wenchuan,so as to analyze and discuss the emergency medical rescue stageing in the face of natural disasters. Methods Retrospectively analyse the earthquake casualty data and information on emergency medical relief teams from May 12 to August 12 2008 in Sichuan province Results Rescue medical teams assembled quickly to the disaster stricken areas after the earthquake,and the number of the injured reached 374640 ,of whom 96540 were hospitalized. At different stages of treatment,including the first aid at the site of the disaster,all levels of the hospital inpatient treatment,interprovincial patient transfer and focused hospitalization for severe injured patients,effective measures had been taken to minimize the mortality. Conclusion The medical rescue work in 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake had been carried out mainly in a three-step mode in full swing,that is,primary rescue being the initial link,the secondary treatment being the key link,the 3rd stage treatment being the crucial link.
引文
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[2]李宗浩.21世纪初中国救援医学之展望[C].中国(国际)救援医学论坛,2003.
[3]沈骥,苏林.汶川地震四川省卫生应急救援及反思[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2009,4(4):197-200.
[4]李宗浩.中国医学救援的进程与实践[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2009,4(5):259-262.
[5]徐少文,沈伟锋,马岳峰.特大地震医疗应急救援[J].中华急诊医学杂志,2008,5(3):57-59.
[6]蒋耀文,张建成,钟彦,等.汶川地震2周2283例急诊伤员分检方案的总结与探讨[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(9):722-725.
[7]李宁.外科新理念:损伤控制性手术[J].中国实用外科杂志,2006,27(1):30.
[8]梁华平,王正国.战伤分级救治体系对灾害医学救援的启示[J].中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志,2008,3(1):34-36.
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