“5·12”汶川地震极重灾区农村纯母乳喂养现状及对策
摘要
目的对"5.12"汶川地震极重灾区农村纯母乳喂养现状进行分析,为提高灾区农村纯母乳喂养率提供决策依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取5个地震极重灾区2009年分娩的农村产妇进行纯母乳喂养调查,调查内容包括:产妇分娩方式、喂养方式、纯母乳喂养持续时间和喂养中存在问题等。结果婴儿出生后,76.64%的产妇选择了纯母乳喂养。在采用纯母乳喂养的产妇中,9.48%的产妇纯母乳喂养时间仅坚持了1个月;55.90%产妇坚持到6个月。产妇的教育程度、分娩方式等均影响婴儿喂养方式选择,且不同喂养方式婴儿增加体重存在差异。纯母乳喂养产妇存在开奶晚、哺乳技巧不足、缺乏信心、食欲和休息差、外出等问题。结论通过灾后妇幼卫生重建项目健康教育干预,"5.12"汶川地震极重灾区纯母乳喂养率提高,应继续通过加强产前教育、产后干预、提高产后访视质量等措施,改善地震极重灾区农村纯母乳喂养现状。
Objective To analyze the pure breast-feeding status in"5.12"Wenchuan earthquake heavy disaster rural areas,that may provide basis for policy-making in order to improve pure breast-feeding rate in these areas.Methods A survey of pure breastfeeding rate of 2009 in 5 earthquake disaster area was carried out by using stratified random sampling method.The contents of survey included the maternal delivery mode,feeding mood and problems etc.Results After baby born,76.64% of maternal choose the pure breast-feeding.In the maternal,9.48% had the pure breast-feeding for only 1 month,and 55.90% persisted for 6 months.Maternal education level and delivery mode were two factors influencing infant feeding choices.Nevertheless,infant weight increment was different between the different feeding patterns.There were problems in pure breast feeding,such as open milk late,lack of breast feed skills,confidence,appetite and rest,as well as maternal out etc.Conclusions The pure breast-feeding rate in the earthquake disaster area increased after reconstruction and intervention of maternal and child health education project.We can take further measures to improve the current situation of the pure breast feeding in earthquake heavy disaster rural areas,like strengthening antenatal education and postpartum intervention and improving postpartum visit quality.
Objective To analyze the pure breast-feeding status in"5.12"Wenchuan earthquake heavy disaster rural areas,that may provide basis for policy-making in order to improve pure breast-feeding rate in these areas.Methods A survey of pure breastfeeding rate of 2009 in 5 earthquake disaster area was carried out by using stratified random sampling method.The contents of survey included the maternal delivery mode,feeding mood and problems etc.Results After baby born,76.64% of maternal choose the pure breast-feeding.In the maternal,9.48% had the pure breast-feeding for only 1 month,and 55.90% persisted for 6 months.Maternal education level and delivery mode were two factors influencing infant feeding choices.Nevertheless,infant weight increment was different between the different feeding patterns.There were problems in pure breast feeding,such as open milk late,lack of breast feed skills,confidence,appetite and rest,as well as maternal out etc.Conclusions The pure breast-feeding rate in the earthquake disaster area increased after reconstruction and intervention of maternal and child health education project.We can take further measures to improve the current situation of the pure breast feeding in earthquake heavy disaster rural areas,like strengthening antenatal education and postpartum intervention and improving postpartum visit quality.
引文
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[2]郭振清,王爱敏,池旭英,等.影响母乳喂养的原因与护理对策[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2005,11(8):1005-1006.
[3]江志鸿,李声.影响新生儿母乳喂养因素的调查研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2008,23(24):3495-3496.
[4]宋辉.所辖社区母乳喂养状况分析与对策[J].中国现代药物应用,2011,5(13):123-124.
[5]王炳顺,周利烽,朱丽萍,等.剖宫产术对母乳喂养影响的前瞻性研究[J].中华妇产科杂志,2006,41(4):246-248.
[6]夏洁,高健.影响新生儿母乳喂养的相关因素及分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2007,22(21):3032-3033.
[7]李清,邢珺月,李香莲.母乳喂养的现状及影响母乳喂养的因素[J].中国新生儿科杂志,2010,25(6):3375-377.
[8]刘素娥,覃桂荣.促进早期母乳喂养干预措施的实施管理[J].护理管理杂志,2010,10(9):663-664.
[9]卢玲.产后母乳喂养的健康教育指导[J].中外健康文摘,2011,8(2):379-380.
[10]陈玉美.母乳喂养影响因素与行为干预的探讨[J].当代医学,2011,17(20):109-120.
[11]翟佳,徐丹凤.腰硬联合麻醉剖宫术两种卧位及时间对母乳喂养及术后常见并发症的影响[J].实用医院临床杂志,2009,6(5):52-53.
[12]李静,李小麟.汶川地震受伤人群心理卫生服务原则及初步实践[J].实用医院临床杂志,2009,6(1):3-4.
[13]文永思,蔡力,廖菁,等.四川省地震灾区卫生适宜技术培训效果分析[J].实用医院临床杂志,2011,8(6):214-215.
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